β3受体激动剂BRL-37344促进大鼠心力衰竭及可能的作用机制

目的观察β3肾上腺素能受体激动剂(BRL-37344)对血浆TNF-α、AngⅡ和ET-1水平及心肌重构的影响.方法用异丙肾上腺素(isoproterenol,ISO)诱导心力衰竭大鼠模型.随机分为心衰组(CHF)和BRL组,BRL组给予BRL-37344尾静脉注射,同时另设对照组.结果2和6周时CHF组和BRL组大鼠血浆TNF-α、AngⅡ、ET-1均明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),相同时间点BRL组ET-1水平均高于CHF组(P＜0.01),6周时BRL组AngⅡ也明显高于CHF组(P＜0.01).6周时BRL组上述指标均高于2周时水平(P＜0.01),而CHF组只有TNF-α高于2周时水平(P＜0.05).心衰大鼠心肌细胞破坏和胶原纤维组织增生明显,β3受体蛋白在心衰和应用BRL-37344的大鼠心肌表达很明.显.结论BRL-37344能升高心衰大鼠血浆TNF-α、AngⅡ和ET-1含量,并且能促进左室重构,使心衰恶化.     

异丙基肾上腺素诱导大鼠慢性心力衰竭神经内分泌与细胞因子的改变

目的 建立异丙基肾上腺素(Isopreterenol,ISO)诱导SD大鼠慢性心力衰竭(CHF)模型,观察神经内分泌与细胞因子的变化.方法 用ISO(170 mg*kg-1)对SD大鼠皮下注射2次,建立大鼠CHF模型,在造模后18周进行心脏超声检测左室舒张末径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末径(LVESD)、射血分数(LVEF)、短轴缩短率(FS),取血检测去甲肾上腺素(NE)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ANGⅡ)、醛固酮(ALD)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),并取心肌观察病理形态学特征. 结果 与正常对照组相比,模型组大鼠LVEF、FS下降,LVEDD、LVESD扩大(P＜0.01),左心室重量指数明显增加(P＜0.01),NE、ANGⅡ、ALD、TNF-α显著升高(P＜0.01).光学显微镜结果 显示,ISO组大鼠心肌细胞肥大,部分心肌细胞有嗜酸变性和/或坏死,心肌间质结缔组织增生. 结论 应用大剂量ISO诱导大鼠慢性心力衰竭出现神经内分泌、细胞因子激活.     

黄连素抗慢性心力衰竭机制的动物实验研究

目的探讨黄连素抗慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的机制。方法腹腔注射阿霉素（每周2.8 mg/kg,共10周）以建立SD大鼠慢性心力衰竭模型;将建立慢性心力衰竭模型的SD大鼠（20只）随机分为黄连素治疗组（10只）与安慰剂对照组（10只）,并随机选取10只SD大鼠作为正常对照组。黄连素治疗组予以黄连素21 mg.kg-1.d-1,灌胃4周,正常对照组与安慰剂对照组予以等量蒸馏水。采用ELISA、实时荧光定量PCR方法分别检测大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、血清脑钠肽（BNP）及iNOS基因表达。结果黄连素治疗组的血清BNP、TNF-α的值均显著低于干预前和CHF安慰剂组的水平（P〈0.05）;黄连素治疗组iNOS基因表达明显低于干预前和CHF安慰剂组（P〈0.01）。结论黄连素抗心衰机制与其降低心衰大鼠的血清BNP、TNF-α水平和抑制iNOS基因的表达相关。     

实验性精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸组织TNF-α和NO含量的变化

目的：研究精索静脉曲张（VC）对大鼠睾丸组织TNF-α和NO含量的影响。 方法： 将成熟雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为手术结扎（ VG）组，n=30；手术非结扎(SOG)组，n=20。分别测定两组大鼠睾丸组织中TNF-α和NO的含量，并加以比较。 结果： ①VG组左侧睾丸TNF-α、NO含量分别显著高于SOG组（P＜0.01)；②TNF-α与NO呈正相关（r=0.523, P＜0.01)。 结论: VC时睾丸TNF-α和NO的变化, 可能是造成睾丸损伤、精子生成障碍甚至不育的原因之一。     

卡维地洛对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ和内皮素-1水平的影响

目的:探讨卡维地洛治疗前后慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆血管紧张素II(AngII)和内皮素-1(ET-1)水平的变化。方法:入选106例CHF患者随机分为CHF常规治疗组(常规治疗组,n=53)或卡维地洛治疗组(卡维地洛组,n=53),另入选同期健康体检人群为正常对照组(n=50)。测定CHF患者用药前和用药12周后血浆AngII与ET-1水平的变化,并与正常对照组进行比较。结果:治疗前CHF患者血浆AngII与ET-1水平较正常对照组明显升高(P0.05),常规治疗组与卡维地洛组血浆AngII与ET-1水平没有差异(P0.05)。治疗后CHF患者左室射血分数(LVEF)明显改善,血浆AngII与ET-1水平显著下降;与常规治疗组比较,卡维地洛组治疗后LVEF升高更明显,血浆AngII与ET-1水平下降更显著(均P0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,LVEF与AngII(r=-0.70,P0.05)和ET-1(r=-0.66,P0.05)呈负相关,AngII与ET-1呈正相关(r=0.62,P0.05)。结论:卡维地洛改善CHF患者左室射血分数可能与降低血浆AngII和ET-1水平有关。     

充血性心力衰竭患者血浆TNF-α、IL-1β 和IL-6含量变化

目的检测充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,了解这些细胞因子在CHF过程中的可能作用。方法取20例正常人和20例Ⅱ°-Ⅲ°CHF患者静脉血,用ELISA法测血清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6含量。结果CHF组这些细胞因子水平均明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);CHF程度越重,这些细胞因子浓度越高;TNF-α与IL-1β和IL-6含量之间呈正相关(r=0.9684,0.9768;P均＜0.01)。结论细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6可能参与CHF过程。     

子宫内膜异位症患者治疗前后血浆ET-1、血清TNF-α和CA19-9检测的临床意义

目的：探讨子宫内膜异位症（EMS）患者治疗前后血浆内皮素-1（ET-1）、血清TNF-α和CA19-9水平变化及临床意义。方法：应用放射免疫分析对38例EMS患者进行血浆ET-1和血清TNF-α和CA19-9检测,并与35例正常健康妇女做比较。结果：在治疗前,患者血浆ET-1和血清TNF-α和CA19-9水平均非常显著地高于正常妇女组（P〈0.01）,经治疗3个月后则与正常妇女比较无明显差异（P〉0.05）,且血浆ET-1水平和血清TNF-α和CA19-9水平呈正相关（r=0.6118、0.6014,P〈0.01）。结论：检测EMS患者血浆ET-1和血清TNF-α和CA19-9水平的变化对其病情和预后判断均有重要的临床意义。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆APN水平与BNP、TNF-α、IR相关性

慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者血浆中多种神经内分泌因子的水平发生改变;脂联素(adiponectin,APN)为脂肪细胞分泌的细胞因子,在CHF中的变化及作用存在争议;CHF患者血浆APN水平及其与脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factoralpha,TNF-α)、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的关系及主要影响因素仍需进一步探讨.     

雷米普利对充血性心力衰竭患者血循环内皮细胞及脑钠素的影响

目的探讨充血性心力衰竭(CHF)时血循环内皮细胞计数(CEC)、血浆脑钠素(BNP)、血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)及6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)水平的变化及雷米普利的干预效应.方法25例CHF患者服用雷米普利两周,并检测用药前后自身外周血循环CEC数量、BNP、ET-1及6-Keto-PGF1α的含量,20例健康体检者为对照组.结果CHF患者CEC数量、血浆ET-1及BNP水平明显增高,6-K-PGF1α明显降低(P均＜0.01).雷米普利治疗可使CEC数量、血浆ET-1及BNP水平明显降低及6-Keto-PGF1α含量显著增加(P＜0.01).结论心力衰竭时存在血管内皮细胞受损,而雷米普利具有保护血管内皮细胞及改善心脏功能的作用.     

男性更年期综合征患者性腺轴功能变化及其与代谢综合征的关系的动物性实验研究

目的:通过动物实验研究男性更年期综合征与性腺轴、以及代谢综合征的关系.方法:以6月龄雄性大鼠饲养至30月龄复制自然衰老、代谢综合征及补充雄激素的动物模型.通过对各组大鼠12、18、24、30月龄性激素、性激素受体水平检测,睾丸切片分析,研究年龄、激素水平及代谢综合症的相关性.结果:随着月龄的增加,正常饲养大鼠T、FSH及LH逐渐下降,睾丸组织病理呈退行性变化.睾酮饲喂组不同月龄大鼠血清T、FSH、LH水平持续维持较高水平,但睾丸雄激素受体水平仍出现显著下降.结论:单纯补充雄激素能提高性腺轴激素水平,但不能逆转睾丸雄性激素受体水平的下降,不足以治疗男性更年期综合征,须同时提高雄性激素受体水平.     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995