我国医药经济以良好发展态势拉开新世纪序幕

在国家一系列宏观调控措施和积极的财政政策持续作用下,我国国民经济总体运行保持了平稳增长态势,工业生产增速加快,社会需求全面回升,企业经济效益达近几年最高水平,市场价格水平略有上涨,城乡居民收入继续增长,经济发展实现了速度、效益、结构的有机统一,国民经济整体素质进一步提高。全国医药市场的总体走势与宏观经济运行基本一致,医药经济运行呈现稳中趋升的良好格局。 一、２０００年我国医药经济运行基本特点 １．工业生产持续保持较高增幅,产销衔接状况进一步向好。 ２．医药商业购销总体增势不变,幅度稳中趋缓。 ３．进…     

崇文“百日整治行动”序幕拉开

本刊讯 日前，在环境秩序“百日整治行动”中，北京市药监局崇文分局对辖区重点地区及医疗机构周边违法收售药品进行集中巡查。     

1996年中成药工业发展态势良好

国家中医药局局长张文康在日前举行的全国中药工作局长会议上指出,1996年我国中成药工业发展良好,经济效益继续增长。突出表现在以下几方面: ——中成药工业经济总体运行平稳发展,大中型国有企业改革进一步深入。1996年全国中药工业总产值按可比价格预计完成192.5亿元,比上年增长9％;中药工业产品销售收入预计完成169.1亿元,比上年增长2％;中药工业利税总额预计完成28.1％,比上年增长4％。中成药企业向集团化、规模化发展的步伐加快;新品种、新技术开发的投入增多,与科研单     

试谈我国抗癌药物发展态势

世界上每年有600多万人患着癌症，约有430万人死于癌症。我国癌症年发病人数在120万左右，每年死于癌症的人数高达90万人以上．待治疗的患者超过150万．并有逐年呈上升的趋势。我国抗癌药物的研制始于1956年，1960年开始投产，60年代在合成药研制上进展步伐较快，发现了多种有效的烷化剂抗癌药．70年代以天然药物及其它类抗癌药的开发较为突出．目前．我国抗癌药生产企业已发展到近百家．其中主要原料药厂20多家，制药厂和中药厂有60多家。已形成一定生产规模的企业有：合成类的抗腐留有上海第十二制药厂（品种和数量占全国近70％）、济南制…     

我国中药态势分析

人口数量及老龄化趋势是影响中药市场的重要因素 ,我国第五次人口普查结果显示 ,2 0 0 0年年底人口达 12 .95亿 ,近 3～ 5年内将以 1.0 7%的年均速度平稳增长。如按全国人均用药 80元计算 ,人口规模的增长将使药品消费增加 11亿元以上 ,以 3 0 %的中药市场占有率计 ,中药消费将增加 3 .3亿元。 2 0 0 0年底 ,我国 65岁以上老龄人口占总人口比例为 7% ,达 8812万人 ,已进入老龄化社会。预计“十五”期间老龄人口将以年均 3 %的速度增长 ,到 2 0 0 5年超过 1亿人。按老年人的人均用药水平 3 85元计算 ,2 0 0 2年老年人用药可增加 10亿元以上。…     

我国化肥流通政策的历史演变与发展态势

围绕我国化肥流通体系的发展,参照建国以来国家有关部门发布的各种政策文件,深入分析了我国化肥流通政策(包括分配政策、价格政策、税收政策、运输政策、化肥储备政策、关税配额政策、质量监管政策)的历史演变规律,在衡量各项政策对我国化肥流通所产生影响的基础上,指出了化肥流通政策的发展态势.     

南京同仁堂·绿金谷(西丰)健康产业园奠基开工 拉开2012(首届)中国天然药物产业发展论坛序幕

2012年7月13日上午,由江苏绿领空间投资有限公司携手辽宁省西丰县政府共同建设的南京同仁堂·绿金谷(西丰)健康产业园项目在西丰县正式奠基开工。辽宁省经信委常务副主任蔺晓刚、铁岭市委书记潘利国、市委副书记牛辅恒、铁岭市常务副市长戴炜、西丰县委书记阎立峰、南京医药董事长周耀平、绿领空间董事长张文军等领导及各有关部门负责人参加了仪式。本次江苏绿领空间投资有限公司携手辽宁省西丰县政府,旨在打造南京同仁堂·绿金谷(西丰)健康产业园,构建中国最大、世界有名的鹿茸、柞蚕等东北地道产品的天然资源综合体。     

发展中的济川药业集团

<正>济川药业是集中西医药、中药药妆、中药保健三大产业为一体的国家级高新技术企业集团,在工信部最新发布的"中国医药工业百强排行榜"中位列第34位。公司拥有20多个剂型、210多个规格品种的国药准字号产品,有110多个品规列入国家医保目录,覆盖儿科、妇科、呼吸科、消化科、老年病等领域,形成蒲地蓝消炎口服液、同贝、济诺等一批单品种年销售30亿、15亿、10亿的产品群。济川药业充分发挥科研优势,以蒲地蓝活性精华成份为核心,研制生产蒲地蓝牙膏、沐浴露、含漱液等高端功效药妆产品。另外,     

Pharmacoeconomics in the new millennium. A pharmaceutical industry perspective

The primary purpose of pharmacoeconomic research is to assist in making healthcare decisions. Rapid growth in the supply of pharmacoeconomic data over the past few years suggests that pharmacoeconomics can be of help in delivering good, cost-effective healthcare. Greater challenges in decision-making coupled with improvements in the techniques of pharmacoeconomic research point to a greater role for pharmacoeconomics into the new millennium. This in turn will have consequences for companies in the pharmaceutical industry. More successful access to markets and better commercialisation of products will be the rewards for those companies committing to pharmacoeconomics and to the broader goal of delivering value for money in healthcare.     

Preparing for the new millennium

Since being introduced to the field of drug discovery at Zeneca Pharmaceuticals in 1991, it has become apparent to me that a blizzard of revolutionary novel approaches has swept through the pharmaceutical industry. Now, the discovery process has become completely transformed and the race to develop commercially successful drugs is now taking place in a very different realm. Rapid advances in automation, combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening (HTS), genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics appear to be principally responsible for driving such a rapidly evolving discovery process. In these exciting times for pharmaceutical R&D, it is a delight for me to take over the Editor's reins of Drug Discovery Today.     

The millennium bugs--the need for and development of new antibacterials

Global antibacterial resistance is becoming an increasing public health problem. Bacteria resistant to almost all of the available antibacterials have been identified. The pharmaceutical industry and fledgling biotechnology companies are responding to the threat of antibiotic resistance with renewed efforts to discover novel antibacterials in attempts to overcome bacterial resistance. Both short term and long term strategies are being vigorously pursued. Short-term efforts are focused on developing novel antibacterial agents with a narrow spectrum of action to combat the problem of gram-positive resistant bacteria. Long-term approaches include the use of microbial genomic sequencing techniques to discover novel agents active against potentially new bacterial targets. Better use of existing agents using pharmacodynamic data to optimise antibiotic regimens is increasingly being addressed and the hope is that such measures will prevail until the newer agents are available.     

Antidepressants for the new millennium.

Despite a remarkable structural diversity, most conventional antidepressants may be viewed as 'monoamine based', increasing the synaptic availability of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopamine. Both preclinical and recent clinical studies indicate that compounds which reduce transmission at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are antidepressant. Moreover, chronic administration of antidepressants to mice alters both the mRNA levels encoding N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits and radioligand binding to these receptors within circumscribed areas of the central nervous system. It is hypothesized that these two different treatment strategies converge to produce an identical functional endpoint: a region-specific dampening of NMDA receptor function. The pathways leading to this convergence provide a rudimentary framework for discovering novel antidepressants.     

Cancer treatments for the new millennium

The SMR Symposium Cancer Treatments for the New Millennium was held on March 9, 2006, at the National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London. The conference program brought together an international line-up of speakers representing academia, biotech and large pharma to discuss the development status of a number of new innovative treatments for the treatment or prevention of cancer. Presentations also focused on how new technologies are being applied to the design of the next generation of cancer drugs and the fundamental biological challenges that must be addressed in attempting to discover effective new treatments.     

Goals for transplantation in the new millennium

Presentations at the XVIII International Congress of the Transplantation Society covered all key organ-specific and subspecialty areas of transplantation. Highlights were sessions under the auspices of two new sections of the Society, the International Xenotransplantation Association and the Section on Transplant Infectious Disease.     

Using genetic findings in autism for the development of new pharmaceutical compounds

Rationale

The main reason for the current lack of effective treatments for the core symptoms of autism is our limited understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying this heterogeneous group of disorders. A primary value of genetic research is enhancing our insight into the biology of autism through the study of identified autism risk genes.

Objectives

In the current review we discuss (1) the genes and loci that are associated with autism, (2) how these provide us with essential cues as to what neurobiological mechanisms may be involved, and (3) how these mechanisms may be used as targets for novel treatments. Next, we provide an overview of currently ongoing clinical trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov with a variety of compounds. Finally, we review current approaches used to translate knowledge derived from gene discovery into novel pharmaceutical compounds and discuss their pitfalls and problems.

Conclusions

An increasing number of genetic variants associated with autism have been identified. This will generate new ideas about the biological mechanisms involved in autism, which in turn may provide new leads for the development of novel pharmaceutical compounds. To optimize this pipeline of drug discovery, large-scale international collaborations are needed for gene discovery, functional validation of risk genes, and improvement of clinical outcome measures and clinical trial methodology in autism.     

Genomics and proteomics: the new millennium of drug discovery and development

One of the most pressing issues facing the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry is the tremendous dropout rate of lead drug candidates. Over the last two decades, several new genomic technologies have been developed in hopes of addressing the issues of target identification and lead candidate optimization. Gene expression microarray is one of these technologies and this review describes the four main formats, which are currently available: (a) cDNA; (b) oligonucleotide; (c) electrokinetic; and (d) fiberoptic. Many of these formats have been developed with the goal of screening large numbers of genes. Recently, a high-throughput array format has been developed where a large number of samples can be assayed using arrays in parallel. In addition, focusing on gene expression may be only one avenue in preventing lead candidate failure. Proteomics or the study of protein expression may also play a role. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectroscopy has been the most widely accepted format to study protein expression. However, protein microarrays are now being developed and modified to a high-throughput screening format. Examples of several gene and protein expression studies as they apply to drug discovery and development are reviewed. These studies often result in large data sets. Examples of how several statistical methods (principal components analysis [PCA], clustering methods, Shannon entropy, etc.) have been applied to these data sets are also described. These newer genomic and proteomic technologies and their analysis and visualization methods have the potential to make the drug discovery and development process less costly and more efficient by aiding to select better target and lead candidates.     

Ethical issues for bioscientists in the new millennium

The scientific understanding of biological processes is developing extremely fast, providing opportunities for changing people's lives in many ways-through health care, food and the environment. The speed with which these changes are occurring means that even bioscientists can only keep up with their own narrow field of science. It is not surprising that members of the public are frightened about the rapidity and impact of the changes arising from the biological revolution. These concerns are often expressed in ethical terms. Decision making about the direction of research and its application is becoming more transparent. This means that bioscientists will have to engage in the debate about their work with members of the public, including those who are opposed to it, in order to create acceptance of their work and its products. At the moment, bioscientists are often ill equipped to enter this debate because of their lack of training in ethics and lack of understanding of the impact of ethics on their work. A better understanding of bioethics will be necessary for entering this debate with vigour. A comprehensive ethical analysis is outside the scope of this text. Some of the principal arguments about the ethics of two aspects of bioscience research-genetically modified crops and the use of experimental animals-will be discussed to illustrate a few of the issues that derive from ethical analyses. I hope that this will encourage toxicologists to take a greater interest in bioethics.