辐肛参中4个抗真菌活性海参皂苷

目的研究辐肛参(Actinopyga sp.)中三萜皂苷的抗真菌活性。方法利用大孔树脂柱层析、正相硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20以及HPLC等层析手段,对一种辐肛参的皂苷类成分进行分离,应用波谱技术和化学方法 ,并结合文献对照,对所得的化合物进行结构鉴定。采用微量液基稀释法对提取分离的化合物进行抗真菌(白念株菌、新生隐球菌、熏烟曲霉菌)活性测试。结果从该种海参中分离得到4个海参烷型三萜皂苷类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为frondo-side A(1)、pervicoside C(2)、holothurin A(3)和holothurin B(4)。化合物1抗真菌活性弱,化合物2对3种真菌的MIC80为1～4mg/L,有较强的抗真菌活性。结论化合物1和2均系首次从辐肛参Actinopyga sp.中获得,4个三萜皂苷都具有抗真菌活性,其中pervicoside C可作为抗真菌药物的先导化合物。     

三七中的新皂苷及其免疫增强活性

三七 Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen 主产于中国云南和广西。作者从该植物根中分离、鉴定了3种新皂苷,并研究了它们的免疫增强活性。三七根的乙酸乙酯溶部位经硅胶柱层析,依次用正己烷-乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷-甲醇梯度洗脱,得5个部位 fr.1～5。fr.3和 fr.4的皂苷部位 fr.3-3和 fr.4-1依次用反相硅胶柱和反相 HPLC 层析,分离得到3个新的达玛烷型三萜皂苷 notoginsenoside-L(1)、-M(2)和-N(3),均为无色细晶。化合物1 mp     

三列凹顶藻中倍半萜成分的研究

目的从三列凹顶藻Laurenciatristicha中寻找具有多样性结构的倍半萜化学成分,供药理活性筛选。方法采用凝胶柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、重结晶和高效液相色谱等方法进行分离;借助包括一维和二维NMR等波谱方法和X-单晶衍射鉴定化合物的结构;用MTT法对得到的化合物进行细胞毒活性评价。结果分离得到5个倍半萜类化合物,分别鉴定为海兔阿普里素(aplysin,)、海兔阿普里醇(aplysinol,)、去溴海兔阿普里醇(debro-moaplysinol,)、凹顶藻联苯(laurebiphenyl,)、约翰斯顿醇(johnstonol,);在人肿瘤细胞株HCT-8、Bel-7402、BGc-823、A549和HeLa模型上,化合物对所有细胞株均显示毒性,化合物对HeLa细胞显示中等强度的细胞毒活性,其他化合物对所有细胞株均无明显毒性,IC50均大于10.0μg/mL。结论化合物~均为首次从三列凹顶藻中得到,化合物对HeLa细胞具有中等强度的选择性细胞毒活性,化合物对所有细胞株均显示毒性。     

白头翁根中三萜皂苷和木脂素及其对HL-60细胞的细胞毒活性[英]／Mimaki Y…∥J Nat Prod．-1999，62（9）．-1279～1283

毛莨科植物白头翁Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge) Regel在中医用于治疗阿米巴病、疟疾、阴道滴虫病和细菌感染等。作者发现该植物根甲醇提取物中的皂苷部分对HL-60细胞有细胞毒活性。从该部分中分离到11种单体化合物,其中2种为新三萜皂苷(8,9),7种为已知三萜皂苷(1～7),2种为已知木脂素：     

人参二醇与人参三醇衍生物的氧化及细胞毒活性

目的 以人参二醇和人参三醇为起始原料制备达玛烷型三萜衍生物, 并进行体外细胞毒活性筛选.方法 以人参二醇和人参三醇经PCC (氯铬酸吡啶盐) 氧化、DDQ (二氯二氰基苯醌) 氧化后的产物为原料, 进一步与间氯过氧苯甲酸 (m-CPBA) 进行氧化反应, 得到的开环产物采用MTT法进行体外细胞毒活性筛选.结果共制备了4个开环产物 (化合物2、4、6、8) .结论 这4个开环产物均为新化合物, 化合物2和4对几种肿瘤细胞株具有显著的细胞毒活性.     

罗汉果未成熟果实中的葫芦烷型三萜糖苷

从罗汉果Siraitia grosvenorii Swingle(即Momordica grosvenori Swingle)的果实中分离出3个新的葫芦烷型三萜糖苷(10～12),并测定了所有分得的化合物对人结肠癌细胞HCT-116和人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的细胞毒活性。将罗汉果新鲜未成熟果实在室温下用甲醇提取10 d,减压浓缩后获得的甲醇提取物用Diaion HP-20柱进行色谱法分离,依次用水,30%、80%、100%甲醇连续洗脱。80%甲醇洗脱部位经硅胶柱色谱分离,以氯仿一甲醇一水(8:2:0.2;7:3:0.5;6:4:1)洗脱得10个部位。从第5部位分得化合物10和11,从第6部位分得化合物12。3个新化合物均为白色无     

蓝萼香茶菜化学成分与生物活性研究

目的研究蓝萼香茶菜叶的化学成分,为进一步研究其生物活性提供依据。方法利用硅胶柱层析对蓝萼香茶菜叶进行分离和纯化其化合物,用波谱分析方法鉴定其结构,并运用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法对从该植物中分离得到的部分化合物进行了细胞毒活性筛选。结果从蓝萼香茶菜叶中分离鉴定了10个化合物,分别是蓝萼香茶菜庚素(1)、蓝萼香茶菜辛素(2)、蓝萼香茶菜壬素(3)、蓝萼香茶菜甲素(4)、蓝萼香茶菜乙素(5)、毛叶醇(6)、entkaurane-3β,16β-diol(7)、木犀草素-7-甲醚(8)、胡麻素(9)、水杨酸(10)。其中化合物1、4、5具有较强的细胞毒活性。结论化合物1、2、3、6、7、9、10首次从蓝萼香茶菜中分离得到,且化合物1、4、5对肿瘤细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用。     

砂海星(Luidia quinaria von Martens)皂苷的精制与细胞毒活性研究

采用经典溶剂法提取、大孔树脂AB-8柱层析、硅胶柱层析，从黄海产砂海星精制出砂海星皂苷，并进一步进行了细胞毒活性实验。结果表明，砂海星精制皂苷对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721和人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3M具有显著的细胞毒性，并呈现一定的剂量依赖关系，半抑制浓度IC50在25ug／ml左右。     

砂海星(Luidia quinaria von Martens)皂苷的精制与细胞毒活性研究

采用经典溶剂法提取、大孔树脂AB-8柱层析、硅胶柱层析,从黄海产砂海星精制出砂海星皂苷,并进一步进行了细胞毒活性实验。结果表明,砂海星精制皂苷对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721和人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3M具有显著的细胞毒性,并呈现一定的剂量依赖关系,半抑制浓度IC50在25μg/ml左右。     

云南独蒜兰菲和联苄类化学成分的研究

目的 研究云南独蒜兰化学成分,发现其活性成分.方法 云南独蒜兰乙酸乙酯提取、硅胶柱层析和Sephadex LH-20柱层析进行分离纯化,波谱分析(核磁共振氢谱、碳谱、和质谱)确定结构.结果 从该药用植物乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离并鉴定了5个化合物,分别为:gigantol(1),batatasin III(2),2-methoxy-4,7-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(3),2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(4),2,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene(5).结论 化合物5为首次从本植物中分离得到.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.