梗塞前心绞痛对老年急性心肌梗塞预后的影响

目的：为了研究梗塞前心绞痛（ＡＰ）对老年急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）预后的影响。方法：作者对１８６例ＡＭＩ患者（老年人１１８例,老年前期６８例）,观察ＡＭＩ前４８ｈ有无ＡＰ发作,分为ＡＰ（＋）和ＡＰ（－）组,分析两组病人的预后。结果：在〈６０岁的ＡＭＩ患者中,梗塞前ＡＰ可降低ＡＭＩ患者１月内充血性心衰（ＣＨＦ）,心源性休克和心源性死亡率;ＣＫ峰值降低,达峰时间缩短;     

肌钙蛋白T对急性心肌梗死的诊断与预后判断

在我国冠心病的发病率逐年增加。血清酶学测定是早期诊断急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）和判断预后的重要方法之一。肌钙蛋白Ｔ（ＴｎＴ）是晚近发展起来的一种新型的、比ＣＫ、ＣＫＭＢ对心肌损伤有更高灵敏度和更高特异性的分子水平检测ＡＭＩ的方法［１～７］。本文通过观察ＡＭＩ血清ＴｎＴ浓度变化及与ＣＫ、ＣＫＭＢ比较，对其在ＡＭＩ的诊断敏感性及预后判断方面进行探讨。材料与方法一、病例选择自１９９７年５月至１９９７年１０月住院患者，依据国际心脏病学会和协会及ＷＨＯ的缺血性心脏病的命名及诊断标准［８］确诊ＡＭＩ３５例，…     

肌酸激酶同功酶MB与肌酸激酶总酶的比值对急性心肌梗死的诊断价值

目的研究血清肌酸激酶同功酶ＭＢ（ＣＫ－ＭＢ）与肌酸激酶总酶（ＣＫ）的比值对急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）的诊断价值。方法比较非心脏病组（血清ＣＫ＞４００ｕ／Ｌ和（或）ＣＫ－ＭＢ＞５０ｕ／Ｌ）７５例和ＡＭＩ组４２例患者ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ＞５％病例的阳性率,评价ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ＞５％对ＡＭＩ的诊断价值。结果ＡＭＩ组ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ＞５％的阳性率为７８．６％,显著高于非心脏病组的２２．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ＞５％对ＡＭＩ诊断的准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为７７．８％,６６．０％和８６．６％。恶性肿瘤患者ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ（４１．９±２９．６）显著高于ＡＭＩ患者（８．９±７．４）,Ｐ＜０．０１。结论ＣＫ－ＭＢ／ＣＫ＞５％指标对ＡＭＩ的诊断价值较有限,但若能排除致ＣＫ－ＭＢ假性升高的病例,则可使诊断价值明显提高。     

急性心肌梗塞患者血浆内皮素水平的变化及其临床意义

目的：探讨急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）及肌酸激酶（ＣＫ）浓度与心功能变化之间的关系。方法：采用放射免疫法及速率法对３４例ＡＭＩ患者及３４例正常人分别进行了外周血ＥＴ及ＣＫ浓度的测定。结果：ＡＭＩ患者心功能Ⅰ级血浆ＥＴ浓度（５９８９±１３５９）、ＣＫ浓度（１３８４±２８５６８）均高于正常对照组（５５８２±４１１及７６１５±９２５）（Ｐ＜００１）；且心功能越差，血浆ＥＴ及ＣＫ水平越高，ＥＴ与ＣＫ之间呈正相关关系。结论：血浆ＥＴ及ＣＫ水平与ＡＭＩ时的心功能变化有密切关系     

脑梗死患者血浆PAP水平与单核细胞组织因子、t-PA和PAI活性的测定及其意义

目的观察脑梗死（ＣＩ）患者血浆纤溶酶－α２－抗纤溶酶复合物（ＰＡＰ）、凝血酶－抗凝血酶Ⅲ复合物（ＴＡＴ）测定和外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）组织因子（ＴＦ）及ｔ－ＰＡ：ａ和ＰＡＩ：ａ的变化及其意义。方法分别应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法、凝血酶和反应法发色底物法测定５０例脑梗死患者、２０例健康对照及２０例非血栓疾病病例对照的血浆ＰＡＰ、ＴＡＴ、Ｆｇｎ含量、ＰＢＭＣＰＣＡ、ＰＢＭＣＴＰＡ和ＰＡＩ活性。结果①脑梗死患者血浆ＰＡＰ、ＴＡＴ及Ｆｇｎ水平明显增高,与病例对照组及正常对照组比较均有显著差异;②脑梗死患者ＰＢＭＣＴＦ活性明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＢＭＣｔ－ＰＡ活性表达明显低于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＢＭＣＰＡＩ活性明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）及病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论血浆ＴＡＴ及ＰＡＰ水平检测可较好的评价脑梗死患者凝血及纤溶系统激活状态。脑梗死患者在细胞水平已处于高凝状态。并在细胞水平存在凝血与纤溶系统失衡。     

血清Troponin I,CK—MBmass,Myoglobin的急性心肌梗 …

为了解ＣＴｎＩ,ＣＫ－ＭＢｍａｓｓ和Ｍｂ指标对急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）早期诊断、后期监测及预扣判断的临床意义,采用微粒子化学发光法,对２０例ＡＭＩ患者、２４例不稳定心绞痛（ＵＡ）患者、１７例骨骼肌损伤（ＳＭ）患者和１９例健康者（对照组）进行血清ＣＴｎＩ,ＣＫ－ＭＢｍａｓｓ和Ｍｂ的测定,并对ＡＭＩ患者胸痛发生３～５小时,８～１４小时,２０～２４小时,７２小时和７天共五个时段进行了测定。结果：ＡＭＩ患者     

心肌酶学在急性心肌梗塞中的应用

心肌酶谱（ＣＫ、ＣＫ－ＭＢ、ＬＤＨ、α－ＨＢＤＨ、ＡＳＴ）是临床诊断急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）的主要酶学检查［１．２］。其中,尤以肌酸激酶（ＣＫ）及其同工酶（ＣＫ－ＭＢ）对脏器的特异性较高,对心肌梗塞（ＭＩ）、癌瘤、神经肌肉等疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。利用ＡＭＩ后系列血清活力计算心梗范围（ＩＳＯ）,可发现ＡＭＩ的预后与ＩＳＯ密切相关［３．４］。近年来,将系列血清ＣＫ活力的改变作为监测ＡＭＩ患者溶栓治疗效果的重要生化指标。笔者现结合７０例ＡＭＩ患者的检测结果分析如下。１材料与方法１．１一般资料…     

NIDDM并发血管病患者血清载脂蛋白水平的观察

报道我院自１９８９年１０月～１９９２年１０月为１９１例ＮＩＤＤＭ中并发大血管病（简称ＤＭ－Ａ组）８２例，（男４２例，女４０例），并发微血管病（简称ＤＭ－Ｂ组）４６例（男２１例，女２５例）在１２８例ＮＩＤＤＭ并发症中，ＤＭ－Ａ组８２例共ＡＰＯＡＩ在男性无差异，女性有显差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）；ＡＰＯＢ男女均有非常显性差异（Ｐ〈０．００１）。ＤＭ－Ｂ组４６例中其ＡＰＯＡＩ和ＡＰＯＢ男女均有非常显的差     

急性心肌梗塞相关酶的比较及意义

目的：探讨肌酶激酶（ＣＫ）、肌酸激酶同工酶ＭＢ（ＣＫ－ＭＢ）和α０羟丁酸氢酶（α－ＨＢＤＨ）在急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）诊断中的价值，方法；对２８例ＡＭＩ患者的ＣＫ、ＣＫ－ＭＢ、α－ＨＢＤＨ酶活性作了长达１８天的动态连续测定，并与同期２４正常进行了比较，结果：ＣＫ－ＭＢ特异性高，但持续短暂；α－ＨＢＤＨ出现早、消失慢，经过１０天，酶活力仍维持较高水平，远高于对照组；ＣＫ在这三种酶中敏感性最高，结论：联     

急性颅脑损伤患者脑脊液中髓鞘碱蛋白的变化及其意义

目的：为探讨急性颅脑损伤患者脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中髓鞘碱蛋白（ＭＢＰ）的变化及意义。方法：用放射免疫分析法测定３４例急性颅脑损伤组患者ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ。结果：ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ在急性颅脑损伤组明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,在ＡＤＣＩ患者明显高于ＡＬＣＩ患者（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＡＤＣＩ患者入院时ＧＣＳ明显低于ＡＬＣＩ患者,而ＧＯＳ明显差于ＡＬＣＩ患者（Ｐ＜０．０１）;ＭＢＰ与ＧＣＳ和ＧＯＳ均呈明显负相关（ｒ＝－０．６１２,ｒ＝－０．５９８,Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：急性颅脑损伤患者ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ升高,测定ＣＳＦ中ＭＢＰ有助于估计急性颅脑损伤患者病情轻重及预后;有助于ＡＤＣＩ的诊断。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.