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双侧唇裂的修复在所有唇裂类型的修复中难度最大,不易得到满意效果,且术后的继发畸形难以矫正。典型的双侧唇裂术后继发畸形包括:鼻小柱过短,鼻尖过宽,鼻外     

鼻前庭推进瓣修复双唇裂术后鼻畸形

双侧唇裂术后畸形主要表现为鼻小柱短缩 ,鼻尖扁平 ,双侧鼻翼塌陷 ,鼻孔过大等。这些畸形在首次双唇裂修复时难以同期纠正 ,即使同期行唇裂修复和鼻小柱延长术 ,由于受手术方法的限制和幼儿的生长发育 ,鼻畸形又不同程度地显现。目前多种双侧唇裂鼻畸形修复方法应用于临床 ,在延长鼻小柱的同时使鼻翼软骨复位 ,恢复鼻孔形态方面仍需加以改进。我们曾经报道应用鼻前庭推进瓣修复单侧唇裂术后鼻畸形 [1] ,其后我们又将其修复原则引用到双唇裂术后鼻畸形的矫正术中 ,通过对 51例双唇裂术后鼻畸形修复后的近远期观察 ,鼻形态恢复良好。资料与方…     

应用保留血管蒂Abbe瓣修复双侧唇裂术后继发畸形的临床研究

目的:探讨应用保留血管蒂Abbe瓣修复双侧唇裂患者术后继发鼻唇畸形的方法及其临床效果。方法:选取双侧唇裂术后继发鼻唇畸形患者10例,由同一医师应用保留血管蒂Abbe瓣对其进行修复,测量术前术后患者鼻唇部的6项指标并分析,评估患者术后的效果及鼻唇部对称性。结果:患者术后均一期愈合,术后人中长度平均增加3.93 mm,人中宽度平均降低3.93 mm,全鼻宽平均降低1.69 mm,有显著统计学差异,上唇对称率达到97.29%,患者术后唇鼻外形恢复良好,接近正常。结论:应用保留血管蒂Abbe瓣修复双侧唇裂术后继发畸形效果良好,可以显著改善唇鼻形态和对称性,适合广泛应用于临床。     

前唇星状瓣与改良Abbe氏瓣联合应用修复双侧唇裂术后严重鼻唇畸形

目的 修复双侧唇裂术后严重鼻唇畸形。方法 将前唇星状瓣与下唇改良Abbe氏瓣联合应用修复双侧唇裂术后严重鼻唇畸形。结果 本组病例共23例,均取得了较好的治疗效果。结论 此法对双侧唇裂术后继发鼻小柱短小、鼻尖扁平、鼻唇角不显、唇珠缺失、上唇过紧和过薄畸形均有较好的治疗效果。     

单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的影响因素分析

目的：研究单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的影响因素。方法：收集2005年1月—2006年12月就诊于中国医科大学口腔医院的单侧唇裂术后患者150例,拍摄患者正位、侧位和仰位照片,根据鼻尖、鼻翼、鼻小柱、鼻中隔、鼻背和骨组织畸形程度,对150例患者单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的严重程度进行评价,分为轻度、中度、重度组,筛选性别、患侧、年龄、原有唇裂畸形严重程度、唇裂整复术术式、一期鼻整形术、牙槽突裂和上颌骨发育等因素,应用SPSS13.0软件包分析单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形形成中的影响因素。结果：鼻畸形严重程度分组符合评价一致率50%以上患者143例,轻度鼻畸形33例,中度鼻畸形65例,重度鼻畸形45例。性别和患侧对唇裂术后继发鼻畸形无显著影响（P〉0.05）,对唇裂术后继发鼻畸形有影响的因素为年龄（P=0.019）、唇裂严重程度（P=0.000）、唇裂整复术式（P=0.000）、一期鼻整形术（P=0.000）、上颌骨发育（P=0.000）和牙槽突裂（P=0.000）。结论：年龄、原有唇裂畸形的严重程度、唇裂术式选择、一期鼻整形术、上颌骨的发育程度及牙槽突裂是唇裂术后鼻畸形的影响因素。二期鼻整形术前,必须去除上述因素的影响,才能获得理想的术后效果。     

肌肉平衡重建矫正鼻部对称性的短期临床效果评估

目的 通过比较创新和传统两种肌肉重建技术联合鼻内固定术修复单侧继发鼻唇畸形术后短期鼻部对称性评估效果,为进一步改进唇裂二期手术治疗提供依据.方法 选取60例单侧唇裂继发鼻唇畸形患者,年龄4～18岁,采用创新肌肉重建技术联合鼻内固定术修复28例,传统肌肉重建技术联合鼻内固定术修复32例,使用二维照片测量分析法,对比术前和...     

自体鼻中隔软骨修复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的临床研究

目的 探讨单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形修复术中,用自体鼻中隔软骨重建鼻软骨性支架结构的可行性.方法 2010年1月至2011年10月北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科行鼻整形术的单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形患者41例.术中行横跨鼻小柱切口和双侧软骨下切口,内侧脚间切开,显露切取偏曲的鼻中隔软骨,以之为材料修复重建鼻支架结构,整复鼻外形和鼻中隔偏曲.术前术后摄取正侧位面像和头颅CT检查,评价鼻形态变化和鼻中隔偏曲情况.结果 41例单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形患者通过手术,鼻形态明显改善,术后主观评价手术前后分值平均为2.80;CT扫描显示鼻中隔偏曲程度30例(73％)矫治效果有效,11例(27％)矫治无效,即鼻中隔偏曲程度无改善.结论 以自体鼻中隔软骨为材料重建鼻软骨性支架结构可有效改善单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形,并同期矫治鼻中隔软骨性偏曲.     

自体鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨移植修复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形

目的:分析单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的发生机制,观察鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨对单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的矫治效果,从而探讨理想的修复方法。方法:根据患者的临床特点,选取轻度单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形患者作为研究对象,采用自体鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨二期修复鼻畸形。结果:本组患者共12例,随访时间1～6个月,临床矫治效果良好。结论:鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨移植对轻度唇裂继发鼻畸形具有良好的治疗效果。     

单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形分类的研究

目的 建立单侧唇裂术后继发鼻咽形的分类方法。方法 观察５６例单侧唇裂术后患者外鼻石膏模型各标志点间距离,发现总结鼻畸形的特征;在术中观察鼻软骨间的相对位置关系。结果 将鼻畸形分成３度：Ⅰ度鼻畸形仅表现患侧鼻下１／３形态异常;Ⅱ主莅 健侧鼻下１／３形态受累;Ⅲ度伴鼻背偏斜。结论 此分类方法简单易行,可为临床修复鼻畸形选择手术方法提供依据。     

单侧唇裂鼻畸形一期治疗研究进展

单侧唇裂一期修复术后鼻唇部畸形的发生率较高,国内外学者均对减少单侧唇裂一期修复术后鼻唇部畸形的发生率或畸形的严重程度进行研究,但迄今仍没有形成统一的观点. 本文对单侧唇裂鼻畸形早期干预研究作一综述,介绍目前研究现状及一些新技术在该领域中的应用,为提高单侧唇裂鼻畸形的修复效果提供参考.     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

下颌角骨折治疗后并发症的临床分析

目的研究下颌角骨折治疗后并发症,分析原因并提出预防方法。方法回顾分析我院206例下颌角骨折患者的治疗及并发症情况,分颌间固定组62例,内固定组120例,颅颌绷带组24例。结果治疗后发生的并发症有骨感染4例,医源性损伤2例,牙合干扰3例,错牙合畸形2例,颞下颌关节功能紊乱病2例。结论下颌角骨折的治疗应首选坚强内固定,应选择正确的手术方案,加强术前、术后抗感染治疗及术后肌功能训练,对骨折线上的阻生齿应尽可能保留,以减少并发症。     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。