民航飞行员视网膜动脉硬化调查研究

目的：：调查不同年龄段民航飞行员视网膜动脉硬化检出率,分析其影响因素。方法：随机选取2014-07/2015-07在民航总医院进行年度体检的现役民航飞行员2778名,按不同年龄将其分为3组：A组(22~39岁)1311名、B组(40~49岁)618名、C组(50~59岁)849名。年龄≥40岁的飞行员,按视网膜动脉硬化检出与否,将其分为两组,有动脉硬化组和无动脉硬化组,分析其体检资料。结果：选取的2778名飞行员中,检出视网膜动脉硬化334例(12.02%),其中视网膜动脉硬化Ⅰ级318例,Ⅱ级16例。 A组视网膜动脉硬化为0例,B组为28例(4.53%), C组为306例(36.04%),三组视网膜动脉硬化检出率随年龄增加而升高,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。生化指标检查结果显示,与无动脉硬化组相比,有动脉硬化组高血压、高血脂、空腹血糖升高、超重的检出率均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：现役民航飞行员视网膜动脉硬化检出率为12.02%,以Ⅰ级病变为主,年龄≥40岁、高血压、高血脂、空腹血糖升高及超重是视网膜动脉硬化发生的重要影响因素。     

2型糖尿病视网膜动脉硬化与心脑血管系统疾病的关系

目的：探讨2型糖尿病视网膜动脉硬化情况及其与心脑血管系统疾病的关系。

方法：选取2016-01/2017-01我院收治的2型糖尿病患者85例为研究对象,对患者进行眼底检查,确定其眼底动脉硬化分级情况,并对患者血糖水平进行检测,测定其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖和餐后2h血糖水平。患者均随访至少1.5a,统计随访期间患者心脑血管系统疾病的发生率。比较不同眼底动脉硬化分级患者的血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率,并分析眼底动脉硬化分级与血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病的关系。

结果：患者85例中,眼底动脉硬化分级为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级患者比例分别为15%(13/85)、52%(44/85)和33%(28/85),随访期间心脑血管系统疾病发生率为27%(23/85)。随着眼底动脉硬化分级的升高,其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率亦升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,2型糖尿病患者眼底动脉硬化分级与其糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病发生率均呈正相关(r_s=0.875、0.792、0.835、0.878,P<0.05)。

结论：2型糖尿病眼底动脉硬化严重,且与其血糖水平和心脑血管系统疾病密切相关。     

青岛开发区糖尿病性视网膜病变流行病学调查及相关因素

目的:分析青岛市开发区社区人群糖尿病性视网膜病变临床流行病学状况及其早期干预。方法:免费普查社区登记的确诊糖尿病患者600例,进行眼科检查,并对检查结果进行统计学分析,及对确诊为糖尿病性视网膜病变病例进行早期干预及治疗。结果:为600例糖尿病患者进行眼科检查,检出糖尿病性视网膜病变107例,患病率17.8%。并对这107例患者进行眼底荧光造影检查,其中确诊病例中有非增殖期病变者79例(73.8%),增殖期病变28例(26.2%)。对糖尿病病程、血糖控制情况、血压、血脂、糖尿病肾病的相关因素进行分析,在确诊的糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,糖尿病病程<10a者12例(11.2%),>10a者95例(88.8%);合并高血压者75例(70.1%);合并高血脂者66例(61.7%);合并糖尿病肾病者37例(34.5%)。结论:通过分析得出糖尿病病程长、空腹血糖高、合并高血压、高血脂、及糖尿病肾病者均属糖尿病视网膜病变发生的高危人群,高危糖尿患者群的密切监测及定期眼底检查是社区患者防治糖尿病视网膜病变的关键。     

巩膜穿刺孔玻璃体嵌顿是玻璃体手术失败的首要原因

目的探讨巩膜穿刺孔玻璃体嵌顿与玻璃体手术失败的关系。方法对连续49例(49只眼)玻璃体手术后视网膜脱离患者,根据术中探查,将巩膜穿刺孔内口玻璃体嵌顿分为5级:0级:无任何玻璃体嵌顿;Ⅰ级:穿刺孔内口玻璃体嵌顿,但对视网膜无牵拉;Ⅱ级:玻璃体嵌顿,对视网膜产生牵拉,表现向前移位;Ⅲ级:视网膜嵌顿在穿刺孔内口处;Ⅳ级:玻璃体嵌顿牵拉形成视网膜裂孔。Ⅲ和Ⅳ级定为是手术失败的主要原因,Ⅱ级判为手术失败的次要原因,0和Ⅰ级为非巩膜穿刺孔并发症引起的手术失败。结果患者原发疾病为裂孔性视网膜脱离22例,眼外伤21例(包括取眼内异物8例);分支静脉阻塞和化脓性眼内炎各2例;糖尿病性视网膜病变和急性视网膜坏死综合症各1例。做过1次玻璃体手术37例,2次以上12例。前段增生性玻璃体视网膜病变分级:单纯视网膜环形收缩2例;视网膜前移位31例(合并环形收缩11例)。主要因巩膜穿刺孔并发症引起的手术失败占57.2%(28例),巩膜穿刺孔并发症为次要原因占20.4%(10例),二者占77.6%。非巩膜穿刺孔并发症引起的手术失败占22.4%(11例)。结论巩膜穿刺孔玻璃体嵌顿的并发症是玻璃体手术失败的首要原因。     

高频彩超观察眼缺血综合征患者眼血流动力学变化

目的 探讨眼缺血综合征-动脉硬化合并颈内动脉重度狭窄及老年糖尿病患者的视网膜、视网膜中央动脉的二维结构及睫状后动脉的血流动力学变化.方法 受检者60例,分3组:健康组20例,动脉硬化合并颈内动脉重度狭窄组20例,老年糖尿病患者20例.先行二维切面探查视网膜及视网膜中央动脉结构有无改变,再行彩色多普勒探测睫状后动脉血流动力学改变.结果 动脉硬化合并颈内动脉重度狭窄组二维超声视网膜及视网膜中央动脉回声正常,糖尿病组50%以上视网膜回声稍增厚、增强.彩色多普勒:动脉硬化合并颈内动脉重度狭窄组、糖尿病组收缩期峰值流速、舒张期最低流速明显减低(P＜0.05),阻力指数增高(P＜0.05).结论 高频彩超可定期观察眼缺血综合征血流动力学变化,对评价该病动脉硬化进展、眼血流灌注状况、预后有重要意义.     

妊娠性高血压视网膜变化的临床研究

目的:研究妊娠性高血压(PIH)患者视网膜变化的患病率,视网膜变化与疾病严重程度的相关性. 方法:横断面研究.共收集2014-12/2015-05妊娠性高血压患者100例.所有患者均行眼底检查.单眼或双眼眼底发生变化视为阳性.妊娠性高血压分级为轻度子痫前期(血压>140/90~160/90 mmHg),重度子痫前期(血压>160/90 mmHg)和子痫前期(重度子痫前期和抽搐).结果:患者平均年龄为23.05(19~34)岁.妊娠期为28~41wk.其中62例初产妇以及38例经产妇.轻度子痫前期,重度子痫前期和子痫前期患者占比分别为62%,26%,12%.8例患者发生视网膜变化.观察得出:高血压性视网膜病变Ⅰ级(1%),Ⅱ级(0%),Ⅲ级(2%),Ⅳ级(2%),浆液性视网膜脱离(1%)和中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(2%).视网膜变化与PIH严重程度呈正相关,有统计学意义(P=0.0001).结论:8%的PIH患者视网膜发生变化,视网膜变化与PIH严重程度呈正相关.     

视网膜血管疾病在印度喜马偕尔邦丘陵地带的患病模式的研究

目的:研究视网膜血管疾病在印度喜马偕尔邦丘陵地带(海拔500~4 500m)的患病模式/分布。方法:对西姆拉三级医院眼科自2008-08/2013-04期间的视网膜疾病患者进行回顾/前瞻性研究。选取5 600位中的4 323名患者作为研究对象。该数据均来自于医院记录,随后根据患者的年龄,性别分布情况和诊断结果进行分析。所有患者都进行了视力,屈光,裂隙灯和眼底检查。以眼底临床记录和眼底照相记录来确定诊断。应用眼底照像机(Kowa Fundus Camera VX-10)进行照相,必要时进行眼底荧光素血管造影。结果:在4 323例患者中,男性视网膜疾病患者有2 563例(59.29%),多于女性1 760例(40.71%)。在525例(12.14%)糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,轻度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变133例(3.08%),中度156例(3.60%),重度120例(2.78%),增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变116例(2.68%)。在393例(9.10%)高血压性视网膜病变患者中,I级高血压性视网膜病变患者130例(3.01%),II级111例(2.57%),III级131例(3.03%),IV级21例(0.49%)。在660例(15.27%)其他视网膜血管疾病中,视网膜分支静脉阻塞229例(5.30%),视网膜中央静脉阻塞55例(1.27%),半视网膜中央静脉阻塞8例(0.19%),视网膜中央动脉阻塞20例(0.46%),视网膜分支动脉阻塞4例(0.09%),眼部缺血综合征1例(0.02%),早产儿视网膜病变9例(0.21%),视网膜大动脉瘤5例(0.12%),近中心凹毛细血管扩张6例(0.14%),贫血性视网膜病变16例(0.37%),白血病视网膜病变10例(0.23%),视网膜前出血52例(1.20%),Coats病8例(0.19%),睫状视网膜动脉阻塞1例(0.02%)例,Eales病10例(0.23%),血管炎17例(0.39%)以及有临床意义的黄斑水肿209例(4.83%)。结论:糖尿病视网膜病变是最常见的视网膜血管疾病。视网膜疾病已经成为印度一个主要公共卫生问题。此研究将有利于对喜马偕尔邦丘陵地带视网膜血管疾病的控制管理从而减少该眼病的发病率。     

合并视网膜大血管阻塞的系统性红斑狼疮的临床观察

目的：观察系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)合并视网膜大血管阻塞的临床特点。

方法：选取2010-01/2014-01我院收治的SLE合并视网膜大血管阻塞的患者17例21眼为试验组,另选取不合并视网膜病变的SLE患者30例60眼为对照组,完善眼部和全身检查及相关化验包括各种自身免疫抗体,记录临床症状和体征。

结果：试验组13例为单眼发病,4例为双眼发病,其中视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)7眼(33%),视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)9眼(43%),视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)3眼(14%),视网膜分支动脉阻塞(BRAO)1眼(5%),CRAO合并CRVO 1眼(5%)。试验组BCVA显著差于对照组; 皮肤红斑(76%)、发热(59%)、关节炎(53%)、中枢神经系统症状(头痛及精神神经异常)(76%)、胸膜炎(41%)发生率显著高于对照组; 抗ds-DNA抗体(100%)、抗磷脂抗体(65%)阳性率显著高于对照组; 补体C3降低(82%)、血沉升高(100%)、血小板减少(65%)发生率显著高于对照组。SLEDAI评分为20.24±4.66提示疾病处于中度及重度活动期。

结论：合并视网膜大血管阻塞的SLE患者,视力受损严重,全身多系统均有不同程度受累,且均为疾病中度及重度活动期。与APA、中枢神经系统病变可能存在相关性。     

1型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的危险因素分析

目的：探讨1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者视网膜病变(DR)的危险因素。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2010-01/2020-10在南方医科大学附属南海医院就诊的204例T1DM患者,根据眼底表现将患者分为DR组(71例)和无DR组(133例),其中DR组包括非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)组(48例)和增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)组(23例)。采集其临床资料并检测相关生化指标。通过单因素分析DR/PDR的相关因素,采用多因素Logistic回归分析DR/PDR的危险因素并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)。

结果：T1DM患者的发病年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),合并高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病肾病(DN)、糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)与DR有关(P<0.05)。病程、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP),合并高脂血症、DN、DPN与PDR有关。Logistic回归分析结果显示病程(OR=1.130,P<0.001)和HbA1c(OR=2.734,P<0.001)是发生DR的危险因素; 病程(OR=1.144,P=0.005)和合并DN(OR=6.500,P=0.001)是发生PDR的危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,病程和HbA1c预测DR发生的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.720、0.727,截断值分别为15.1a,8.2%,敏感性分别为50.7%、76.1%,特异性分别为86.5%、59.4%。病程预测PDR发生的AUC为0.713,截断值为18.5a,敏感性为73.9%,特异性为60.4%。

结论：T1DM患者视网膜病变与糖尿病发病年龄较晚有关。糖尿病病程和高血糖是DR的主要影响因素。HbA1c与DR的发生相关,DN与PDR的发生相关。     

糖尿病视网膜病变患者视觉相关生活质量调查研究

目的了解2型糖尿病伴糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者的视觉相关生活质量(VRQoL)。方法横断面研究。纳入2012年7月至2013年5月辽宁省抚顺市将军街道15个社区已确诊为2型糖尿病的居民1 537例, 男性623例, 女性914例, 年龄(61.1±8.4)岁。采用美国国立眼科研究院视功能量表(NEI-VFQ-25)中文版来评估受检者的VRQoL。受检者分别按年龄、性别、有无视力损伤、受累眼进行分析。不同人群间量表分数的比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验或Kruskal-WallisH检验。将每只眼分为无DR、轻度非增生期糖尿病性视网膜病变(NPDR)、中度NPDR、重度NPDR和增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)。判断受检者双眼DR严重程度, 按7级DR综合等级进行分级。采用广义线性模型评估DR严重程度与量表分数的线性关系;采用局部加权回归来评估DR综合严重程度与量表分数之间可能存在的非线性关系。结果 1 537例受检者中无DR者836例(54.4%), 轻度NPDR 479例(31.2%), 中度NPDR 90例(5.9%), 重度NPDR 72例(4.7%), PDR 60例(3.8...     

Follow-up studies in pattern VECP in demyelinating diseases in children

Spectral sensitivity functions and the transient decrease of sensitivity to short wavelengths after the offset of yellow light (transient tritanopia) were measured by increment threshold techniques in patients suffering from hereditary macular degenerations. Color vision defects were determined by arrangement tests and the anomaloscope. Central areolar choroidal dystrophy was found to produce a mild protan defect and to reduce foveal spectral sensitivity throughout the visible spectrum by a factor of 100; it also abolishes transient tritanopia. Electroretinogram (ERG) was normal, electrooculogram (EOG) subnormal. Stargardt's disease, despite numerous fluorescent macular spots, does not abolish transient tritanopia nor does it reduce spectral sensitivity, although scotopic matches were performed on the Nagel anomaloscope. Only in severe, advanced cases was transient tritanopia reduced and spectral sensitivity found to follow the absorption spectrum of rods. Routine ERGs and EOGs were normal. Vitelliform macular degeneration, despite the ophthalmoscopically pronounced dystrophic macula, produced only very small changes in spectral sensitivity and transient tritanopia, although a widened matching range on the Nagel anomaloscope and electrophysiological abnormalities were found. Apparently damage of the retinal circuit which connects long and short wavelength-sensitive cones, caused by hereditary conditions, is different from that caused by retinotoxic drugs.     

p53 expression in pterygium in two climatic regions in Turkey

Purpose:

To assess accumulation of p53 protein in samples of primary pterygium from people living in two different climatic regions in Turkey.

Materials and Methods:

Group 1 included 101 pterygium specimens from people in Adana located in southern Turkey. Group 2 included 39 pterygium specimens from people in Ankara, located in the middle of Turkey. Climatic conditions throughout the year are sunnier and warmer in Adana than they are in Ankara. The control group (Group 3) included 30 specimens of conjunctiva that had been excised during cataract surgery from 30 patients without pterygium. The pterygial specimens and control conjunctiva were studied by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against p53 protein. Pearson''s chi-square test was used to compare the p53 immunoreactivity.

Results:

The p53 immunoreactivity in Groups 1 and 2 was greater than it was in the control group (P<0.001). There were no differences in p53 immunoreactivity between Groups 1 and 2 (P= 0.060).

Conclusion:

The p53 immunoreactivity was not correlated with ultraviolet irradiation exposure. The p53 immunoreactivity in our pterygium specimens suggests that pterygium could be a result of uncontrolled cell proliferation.     

Changes in Bruch's membrane in experimental hypercholesteremia in rats

PURPOSE: We investigated the effect of high cholesterol diet for the aging changes in Bruch's membrane of rats. METHODS: After feeding a 4% cholesterol diet for 15 weeks to three young rats 3 months old and four aged rats 23 months old, we observed the morphological changes of Bruch's membrane by electron microscopy, and made a comparison with rats fed an ordinary diet. RESULTS: In one young rat fed a high-cholesterol diet, the endothelial basement membrane of the choriocapillaris formed multiple folds separated from the plasma membrane of the endothelium and showed lamellar thickening and crack in some areas. The elastic fiber layer in Bruch's membrane disappeared partly and some new microfibrils appeared. In one aged rat fed a high-cholesterol diet, the endothelial basement membrane of the choriocapillaris showed more lamellar thickening with lumps in some parts. Compared with rats fed an ordinary diet, rats fed a high-cholesterol diet showed thickening of the basement membrane and the changes were more severe. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicated that high-cholesterol diet might promote age-related changes of Bruch's membrane.     

Trends in Patterns of Anterior Uveitis in a Tertiary Institution in Singapore

Purpose: To report the trends in etiology of patients with anterior uveitis (AU) in Singapore over 6 years.

Methods: A retrospective review of the clinical records of all new patients who presented with anterior uveitis to the uveitis subspecialty clinic from 2005 to 2010 at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.

Results: There were 552 new cases of AU. This comprised 59.5% of a total of 928 new patients diagnosed with uveitis from 2005 to 2010. The mean age was 48.0?±?17.2 years. There was a male predominance (62.5%), with a male:female ratio of 1.7:1. The majority were of Chinese ethnicity (69%), followed by Malays (13.2%). Most cases were unilateral (79.5%) and idiopathic (50.4%). Common etiological causes included Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) (5.6%), ankylosing spondylitis (AS)-related AU (5.1%), herpes simplex virus (HSV) (4.7%), and herpes zoster virus (HZV) (4.5%). There were increasing trends in AS-related AU from 3.2% in 2008 to 6.5% in 2010, and psoriasis-associated AU from 1.7% in 2005 to 4.0% in 2008. There were decreasing trends in the incidence of FHI from 10.6% in 2006 to 4.7% in 2009. No change in incidence of viral etiologies was noted, but cytomegalovirus-related immune-recovery uveitis (IRU) comprised 7.4%. IRU showed an increasing trend from 1.7% in 2005 to 11.9% in 2007, then decreased to 3.3% in 2010. Using the Pearson chi-square test, there was no statistically significant association between ethnicities (Chinese, Malay, Indian) comparing infectious and noninfectious cases (p?=?0.788), idiopathic and nonidiopathic cases (p?=?0.170), or between the various etiologies of uveitis (p?=?0.168).

Conclusions: AU was the predominant form of uveitis seen at our centers. Infectious etiologies (18.5%) are the most common among nonidiopathic cases, with herpes viruses (9.2%) being most prevalent. Despite increased use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of microbial and viral DNA, there was no overall increase in detection of infectious causes for uveitis. The changes in CMV-related immune recovery uveitis from 2005 to 2010 could reflect a change in HIV management in Singapore.     

Orthokeratology practice in children in a university clinic in Hong Kong*

Purposes: The aim of this study was to analyse clinical data of children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho‐k) and to investigate patients’/parents’ perspective on ortho‐k via telephone interviews. Methods: Clinical records of children undergoing ortho‐k from a university optometry clinic were reviewed and the effects of ortho‐k on refraction, vision and cornea were investigated. A telephone interview was conducted to solicit patients’/parents’ perspective of the treatment. Results: One hundred and eight files were reviewed. Median age of the children was nine years (range six to 15); mean (±SD) pre‐treatment refractive sphere was ‐3.56 ± 1.49 D and the median refractive cylinder was ‐0.50 D (range zero to ‐4.25 D). Significant refractive spherical reduction (58 per cent), improvement in unaided vision and corneal topographical changes were noted after only one night of wear. No significant change in astigmatism was found. Corneal staining was the most commonly observed complication with ortho‐k and more than 80 per cent of patients were advised to apply ocular lubricants to loosen the lens before lens removal. Ortho‐k was mainly undertaken for myopic control and about 90 per cent of the respondents reported good/very good unaided vision after ortho‐k and ranked the treatment as satisfactory or very good. Lens binding and ocular discharge were the most frequently reported problems during the treatment. Conclusion: Under close monitoring, overnight ortho‐k is effective and safe for reducing low to moderate myopia and the treatment is well accepted by the children.     

内毒素诱导的大鼠葡萄膜炎的巨噬细胞中Toll样受体4的表达

目的 探讨在内毒素诱导的Wistar大鼠葡萄膜炎中Toll样受体4(TLR4)阳性细胞与虹膜组织中巨噬细胞的动态变化和分布.方法 实验研究.Wistar大鼠50只,用随机数字法随机分为5组,每组10只,分别为正常对照(0 h)组、6 h组、12 h组、24 h组及48 h组.除0 h组外其余各组均足垫部注射霍乱弧菌内毒素200μg,注射后于裂隙灯显微镜下观察双眼前节炎症反应变化.按实验分组于0、6、12、24、48 h处死大鼠.取虹膜一睫状体及脉络膜组织.通过葡萄膜铺片免疫组织化学方法检测TLR4和巨噬细胞的标记CD163的表达.人工计数虹膜中TLR4~+与CD163~+的细胞并计算细胞密度,计算圆形和多形性的CD163~+细胞占所有CD163~+细胞的百分比.进一步采用免疫荧光双标记检测TLR4和CD163共表达的情况.通过单因素方差分析分别对大鼠虹膜内阳性细胞密度以及圆形、多形性CD163~+细胞的百分比进行统计学检验.结果 正常大鼠虹膜睫状体组织不表达TLR4.6 h组有2只大鼠虹膜内可见少量TLR4~+细胞,12～48 h组所有大鼠虹膜内TLR4~+细胞明显增多(F=167.2,P＜0.001),虹膜内TLR4~+细胞密度分别为(506.1±39.5)个/mm~2(12 h组)、(492.3±54.5)个/mm~2(24 h组)及(663.8±150.2)个/mm~2 (48 h组).在注射LPS后12～48 h期间TLR4~+细胞形态无明显变化.0～48 h组大鼠虹膜内均有CD163~+细胞,0 h组圆形和多形性CD163~+细胞百分比为13%,12～48 h组其百分比约为80%,且圆形细胞主要位于虹膜基质层.免疫荧光双标记可见TLR4和CD163的共表达,TLR4位于细胞膜,CD163位于细胞质.5组大鼠脉络膜内均未见TLR4表达.结论 内毒素诱导的大鼠葡萄膜炎中虹膜内TLR4表达增高,部分虹膜固有巨噬细胞表达TLR4.TLR4可能在葡萄膜炎的发生发展中起一定作用.     

弱视眼底光学相干断层扫描的研究进展

弱视是由于视觉发育关键期内各种异常的视觉经验导致单眼或双眼最佳矫正远视力低于正常同龄儿童,而眼部无明显器质性病变。目前普遍观点认为,弱视的发病机理主要源于视皮层。近年来,光学相干断层扫描（OCT）作为一种先进的活体成像技术,促进了对视网膜形态结构的大量研究,同时也被应用到弱视的研究领域。陆续有不同的研究人员利用OCT发现弱视患者眼底视网膜、脉络膜等眼部结构存在改变。笔者将对弱视眼底OCT的研究进展做一综述。     

实验性糖尿病视网膜微血管病变的病理研究

目的：观察糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy,DR）的组织学改变。方法：应用光镜、免疫组织化学、电镜及组织化学电镜等技术,研究在不同时间点Spregue-Dawley(SD)大鼠视网膜毛细血管基底膜中的Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白和视网膜毛细胞血管基底膜的厚度,以及其负电荷位点数目的变化。结果：随着糖尿病病程的发展,视网膜毛细血管基底膜下不断增厚伴有Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白的增加,同时负电荷位点数目减少。结论：视网膜毛细血管基底膜增厚,Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及层黏蛋白的增加,负电荷位点数目减少可能是导致DR渗出性病变的病理基础。