病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖调控及Fas基因突变的筛选

目的 从细胞生物学及基因水平探讨正常皮肤、增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩周边部和中央部不同生长特性及瘢痕疙瘩发生的可能机制。方法 （１）取手术切除的正常皮肤、增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织各６例为标本,通过细胞培养６～１０代后,应用流式细胞仪、粘附式细胞仪检测不同来源的成纤维细胞ｐ５３蛋白的表达和细胞周期的分布。（２）取瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕患者的组织及外周血标本,聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）特异性扩增Ｆａｓ分子外显子     

异常瘢痕成纤维细胞凋亡研究

目的：明确异常瘢痕成纤维细胞的凋亡特性及激素的机理。方法：以瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕和正常皮肤（各６例）为材料,在体外对低血清和氟美松对不同成纤维细胞的细胞凋亡及怀凋亡有关的蛋白Ｂａｘ和Ｂｃｌ－２的表达的影响进行了研究;同时,对６例增生性瘢痕局部注射康宁克通后３ｄ和７ｄ的细胞凋亡和相关基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ的表达进行了在体研究。结果：在低血清中发生细胞凋亡正常皮肤成纤维细胞多于增生性瘢痕,增生性瘢痕多于瘢痕疙     

瘢痕成纤维细胞收缩功能研究

瘢痕增生并继发挛缩畸形的发生、发展机制至今尚不清楚,临床上也无确切可靠的治疗方法。本实验利用胶原胶结缔组织收缩模型,观察体外培养的瘢痕及正常皮肤成纤维细胞促胶原胶收缩情况,了解瘢痕成纤维细胞收缩能力,探讨瘢痕挛缩的发生、发展机制。１　材料和方法１．１　胶原制备［１］　用０．１％醋酸溶液提取鼠尾胶原粗制液,加氯化钠至５％终质量浓度,胶原絮状沉淀,离心收集,透析去除盐成分后,４℃储存。１．２　成纤维细胞培养　将手术切除的增生性瘢痕（８例）及正常皮肤组织（６例）剪成细小碎块后进行组织块培养,培养液为１…     

Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and related phosphorylation proteins in hypertrophic scars and normal skin

目的：为研究增生性瘢痕的形成机制,我们对增生性瘢痕与正常皮肤表皮细胞生长因子受体（EGFR）及其相关的信号通路进行观察,包括EGFR表达、酪氨酸蛋白的磷酸化以及Stat3表达和磷酸化情况。方法：所有的皮肤标本均来自烧伤后6-28个月患的瘢痕组织以及同一病人的供皮区全层皮肤。运用免疫组化技术光镜下观察皮肤中表皮细胞生长因子受体、、磷酸酪氨酸蛋白、Stat3磷酸化与非磷酸化的情况。结果：增生性瘢痕与正常皮肤中的角质形成细胞表皮细胞生长因子受体和磷酸酪氨酸蛋白的表达明显不同。瘢痕组织中的表达远远高于正常组织中的表达。瘢痕组织中Stat3阳性表达明显高于正常皮肤,但其磷酸化的情况无显差别。结论：增生性瘢痕与正常组织间显示出不同的酪氨酸激酶活性,造成的信号通路差异可能是病理性瘢痕形成的机制之一。早期不同的配体刺激造成EGFR表达差异,随后导致酪氨酸蛋白磷酸化的不同,在正常的皮肤中Stat3磷酸化继续引起下游信号的表达,而瘢痕组织中Stat3磷酸化与正常情况无显差别,造成信号不匹配。EGFR在瘢痕形成过程中扮演重要的角色。     

TGF—β1对瘢痕对纤维细胞α—SMA表达的诱导作用

目的 研究转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）对瘢痕成肌纤维细胞中α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－ＳＭＡ）表达的诱导作用。方法 以５例增生性瘢痕为标本,３例正常瘢痕为对照,２成纤维细胞二维培养和三维培养体系及ＬＳＡＢ免疫组织化学染色技术,观察了在不同ＴＧＦ－β１浓度条件作用下,来源的于增生性瘢痕和正常瘢痕在成纤维细胞表达α－ＳＭＡ的情况。结果 （１）不同浓度的ＴＧＦ－β１诱导瘢痕成纤维细胞表达α－ＳＭＡ的作用不     

正常组织和瘢痕组织中黑色素细胞超微结构的对比研究

目的：观察正常组织和瘢痕组织中黑色素细胞超微结构的区别，探讨在烧（创）伤后黑色素细胞在瘢痕形成过程中的作用。方法：用JEM2000－EX型透射电子显微镜观察正常组织和瘢痕组织细胞的超微结构。结果：透射电镜下可见瘢痕组织中黑色素细胞有较多的黑素小体，基底层细胞多为黑色素细胞，而且角质细胞内有大量的黑素颗粒。正常组织中基底层黑色素细胞较少，且角质细胞嗜取的黑素颗粒也较少。透射电镜下培养的瘢痕黑素细胞内有大量的2－3期黑素小体，而正常黑色素细胞的黑素颗粒较少。其它细胞器结构两者无明显差别。结论：烧（创）伤后，黑色素细胞生存的微环境发生改变，引起黑色素细胞增生、迁移、大量分泌黑素，促进瘢痕形成及皮肤色素沉着。     

增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩中PTK活性测定

目的：测定增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织中PTK活性变化，探讨PTK在瘢痕形成中的作用。方法：利用活化的PTK催化底物多肽磷酸化，再计数底物中掺入^32P的放射活性的原理，测定增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩、成熟施肥痕和正常坡肤组织中PTK活性。结果：增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织中PTK的活性显著高于正常成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤（P＜0.001,分别高出正常皮肤150.80%和313.80%），瘢痕疙瘩高于增生性瘢痕（P＜0.001，高出65.01%）而成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤间没有差异（P＞0.05)。结论：瘢痕组织中PTK活性升高且与增生程度相关，PTK介导生长刺激的信号转导使细胞增殖和合成物质的功能增强而发生瘢痕增生。     

透射电子显微镜原位细胞或组织简便快速包埋法

为了满足临床病理诊断及科研的需要，克服电镜原位细胞或组织包埋法之不足，作者研究出一咱改良的透射电子显微镜细胞或组织原位简便快速包埋法。其特点是：（１）操作简便，全部包埋步骤（固定、脱水、浸泡及包埋）均在同一载体（培养瓶 或显微镜观察的组织切片）上进行，能保存原位组织或细胞的超微结构；（２）快速，人固定到制备成超薄切片全过程仅需５小时；（３）易从载体上将包埋片分离下来，分离下来的包埋片完整，超微结构     

瘢痕组织HO-1的表达与血管生成的关系

目的：探讨瘢痕组织HO-1的表达与血管生成的关系，为研究瘢痕形成机制提供理论依据。方法：标本均采集自无严重并发症的志愿者，共24例，分为增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩、扁平瘢痕3组，每组8例，第4组正常皮肤组织由上述24例患者正常皮肤标本中随机抽取8例。所取标本采用免疫组织化学的方法进行HO-1的表达和CD34血管计数以及成纤维细胞计数，比较不同类型瘢痕及正常皮肤HO-1量化指标、成纤维细胞数量与血管密度之间的关系。结果：CD34染色结果示增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩血管较丰富，而扁平瘢痕和正常皮肤较少，相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。HO-1在各组瘢痕及正常皮肤表皮中均有不同程度表达，在增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩中表达较强，与其他组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。HO-1在增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩、扁平瘢痕及正常皮肤真皮中表达依次减弱；血管计数与表皮、真皮HO-1（均P<0.01）表达均存在正相关(r=0.761,P<0.01)。成纤维细胞数在增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩、扁平瘢痕及正常皮肤中依次减少；血管计数与成纤维细胞计数间存在正相关（r=0.731,P<0.01）。结论：HO-1可能是促进瘢痕血管生成的重要因素；烧伤瘢痕内HO-1及血管生成变化的原因可能在局部而不在全身；过量血管生成可能是病理性瘢痕的一种表象。     

微血管相关因素在瘢痕组织增生中作用的实验研究

瘢痕疙瘩和肥厚性瘢痕微血管有明显异常,是皮肤损伤后组织过度修复的结果。二者的发病机理尚不完全清楚。为进一步明确微血管及其相关因素在瘢痕增生中的作用,本课题采用免疫组化、原位分子杂交、脐静脉内皮细胞和皮肤成纤维细胞体外培养、同位素掺入、流式细胞仪分析等技术方法,对瘢痕疙瘩和肥厚性瘢痕组织中内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）和一氧化氮（ＮＯ）的表达,细胞间粘附分子１的表达（ＩＣＡＭ－１）,血管内皮细胞生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）的表达,凋亡相关基因。ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｂｃｌ－２的表达,内皮…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.