红细胞膜脂质成分的变化与正常妊娠的关系

目的：探讨正常妊娠期间红细胞膜脂质成分的变化。方法：采用比色法、全自动生化分析仪及气相色谱法对22例正常妊娠妇女及24例健康未妊娠妇女进行了红细胞膜磷脂、胆固醇及八种脂肪酸含量的测定。结果：正常妊娠组红细胞膜胆固醇、磷脂及胆固醇／磷脂的比值均高于健康未妊娠组,但无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;红细胞膜八种脂肪酸含量在两组间亦无显著差异（P＞0．05）。结论：正常妊娠组红细胞膜胆固醇、磷脂含量的升高可能是血清脂质变化的反映,正常妊娠组红细胞膜脂质成分的这种变化不影响红细胞变形性、全血粘度及子宫──—胎盘微循环的灌注。     

慢性肺心病急性期红细胞膜脂质成分对红细胞膜流动性及超微结构的影响

目的 观察慢性肺心病患者急性发作期红细胞膜脂质成分对红细胞膜流动性和红细胞超微结构的影响。方法 慢性肺心病患者急性发作期患者45例，测定膜胆固醇、磷脂含量、胆固醇／磷脂比值，同时用DPH探针测定红细胞膜流动性，扫描电镜观察红细胞形态。结果 肺心病患者膜胆固醇含量、胆固醇／磷脂比值明显升高，膜磷脂含量和膜流动性明显降低，异常形态的红细胞明显增多；直线相关分析显示，红细胞膜流动性降低与红细胞膜脂质成分改变有明显相关性。结论 红细胞膜胆固醇、磷脂含量改变是引起红细胞膜流动性降低和红细胞形态异常的基本因素。     

红细胞膜脂质成分的变化与白细胞计数假性增高的关系

目的:探讨全自动血细胞分析仪测定血常规时出现白细胞计数假性增高与红细胞膜脂质成分变化的关系。方法:应用酶法在全自动生化分析仪上进行正常对照组和白细胞计数假性增高组病人红细胞膜胆固醇()及磷脂cholesterol,Ch()含量的测定。phosphor,PL结果:白细胞计数()假性增高组病人胆固醇含量比正常对照组显著增高(WBCP<),0.05而磷脂含量比对照组显著降低(P<)且也有显著差异(0.05Ch/PLP<)。0.01结论:白细胞计数假性增高与红细胞膜脂质成分的变化有密切关系。     

肝硬化时红细胞膜中磷脂和胆固醇的变化

检测21例肝硬化患者红细胞膜中总磷脂及胆固醇。结果表明:肝硬化组红细胞膜中总磷脂含量显著低于正常对照组,而胆固醇却显著高于正常对照组(P均<0.01)。提示:肝硬化患者红细胞膜脂质更新障碍使脂质结构发生变化,从而使红细胞寿命明显缩短,并易在血管内发生溶血,这可能是肝硬化皆伴严重贫血的因素之一。说明在肝硬化患者治疗中,应重视治疗脂蛋白代谢紊乱。     

脂质过氧化在扩张型心肌病发病机理中的作用

对 3 2例扩张型心肌病患者红细胞超氧歧化酶 ( SOD)活性和红细胞膜脂质构成进行了测定。结果 :与健康对照组相比 ,扩张型心肌病患者红细胞超氧歧化酶活性显著降低 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ;红细胞膜脂质构成发生改变 :总磷脂有降低趋势 ,但差异不显著 ( P>0 .0 5) ;总胆固醇含量升高 ( P<0 .0 5) ;红细胞膜胆固醇 /磷脂分子比升高 ( P<0 .0 5)。提示 :超氧歧化酶活性等抗氧化能力降低引起的脂质过氧化在扩张型心肌病发病中起重要作用     

胆固醇增高所致糖尿病人红细胞膜的改变

临床上,糖尿病人除了一般的体征外,实验室检查并有胆固醇的增高,而胆固醇可致红细胞膜的结构发生改变,使红细胞形态变形能力降低,其作用:1、使红细胞膜的流动性改变正常红细胞膜脂质主要包括胆固醇,磷脂和糖脂,约占膜总重量的40%,磷脂可分为磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)和神经鞘磷脂(SM).这些脂质排列成厚约75—90A°的双分子层,其中外层主要由PC和SM磷脂构成,而内层主要由PS和PE磷脂构成,胆固醇也主要分布在膜的外层,因此红细胞膜内外两层脂质的分布呈不对称性.正常红细胞胆固醇与磷脂的摩尔分子比等     

不同类型痴呆患者血小板及红细胞膜脂质的改变

目的探讨不同类型痴呆患者血小板及红细胞膜脂质及磷脂的改变。方法选择Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病１９例、Ｂｉｎｓｗａｎｇｅｒ病（ＢＤ）２５例,多发性梗塞性痴呆２３例,单发皮质梗塞性痴呆１１例,血流动力性痴呆７例,Ｐａｒｋｉｎｓｏｎ′ｓ病痴呆１８例,健康对照组２５例。分别测定血小板及红细胞膜胆固醇、总磷脂含量及磷脂各组分含量。结果与对照组比较,ＢＤ患者和多发性梗塞性痴呆患者红细胞膜及血小板膜总磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱（ＰＣ）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（ＰＥ）含量降低,胆固醇、胆固醇与磷脂比值升高,单发皮质梗塞性痴呆患者红细胞膜及血小板膜胆固醇、胆固醇与磷脂比值升高,膜总磷脂及磷脂各组分无明显改变。结论ＢＤ患者和多发性梗塞性痴呆患者血小板、红细胞膜存在磷脂代谢障碍,并与ＢＤ患者大脑白质低密度改变有关     

脑梗塞及脑动脉硬化患者红细胞膜ATP酶活性、膜脂质及血液流变学改变

研究急性脑梗塞、脑动脉硬化患者红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性、脂质含量以及红细胞成分、血液流变学指标及其相关性。方法：采用微滤筛法和锥板式粘度计分别测定红细胞变形能力和多切变粘度，分光光度计比色法测定ＡＴＰ酶活性和膜磷脂、胆固醇含量及其比值。结果：发现中风患者存在红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性降低，脂质成分改变，红细胞变形能力下降，且在发病前就有不同程度的改变。结论：临床上对中风前期病变进行针对性的预防治疗和发病后采取适当的改善微循环，纠正离子转运障碍等措施有一定的实际意义。     

Duchenne型肌营养不良红细胞膜糖、脂质及Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶的变化

对10例Duchenne型肌营养不良(DMD)患者红细胞膜进行了膜糖、脂质及Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶活力的研究。结果为DMD红细胞膜唾液酸显著减少,而中性糖含量无变化;膜磷脂含量无明显改变,但膜胆固醇显著增加,磷脂/胆固醇之比显著降低,膜Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶活力显著升高。表明DMD红细胞膜有组成和功能上的改变。     

糖尿病患者红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱及常规实验室检查指标分析

目的:观察糖尿病患者红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱及常规实验室检查指标,评价红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱的临床价值。方法:选取糖尿病患者100例作为研究组,选取同期健康体检者86例作为对照组,观察两组红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱含量及常规实验室检查指标(Glu、TC、TG、DImax、AI max和KITT)。结果:研究组红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱含量、Glu、TC、TG和AImax显著高于对照组,研究组DI max和KITT显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱在糖尿病患者中异常表达与脂质代谢紊乱有关,影响红细胞功能并增加胰岛素抵抗,具有良好临床参考价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.