Determination and properties of proteohormone receptors in malignant gynecological tumors with special reference to lactogen receptors in human breast cancer

Proteohormone receptors have been demonstrated in gynecological malignancies, but more sensitive methods for measurement of such receptors are required and should be a matter of intensive research. The clinical response of hormone-dependent tumors to endocrine therapy has not yet been correlated with the occurrence of proteo-hormone receptors in neoplastic tissue from gynecological patients and such studies are required.     

Carcinosarcomas (malignant mullerian mixed tumors) of the uterus and ovary: a genetic study with special reference to histogenesis.

The histogenesis of carcinosarcomas (malignant mullerian mixed tumors) of the female genital tract is still not completely understood. In the present study, several different molecular pathologic techniques were applied to determine the histogenesis of 15 uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas. The patterns of X-chromosome inactivation and the presence of p53 and K-ras mutations were analyzed in the carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Microsatellite analysis was also performed. Ten tumors were monoclonal, one was biclonal (collision tumor), and another was probably biclonal; the other three were of indeterminate histogenesis. These data indicate that most uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas are monoclonal.     

Immunohistological study on the histogenesis and malignant transformation of ovarian mucinous tumors, with special reference to the intestinal metaplasia

Mucinous tumors of the ovary are generally considered to have a dual origin in histogenesis. Teratomatous elements, however, have recently been reported as appearing in a process of intestinal metaplasia. Malignant transformation has also been felt to occur through intestinalization. To clarify the matter, the relationships among morphological changes in intestinalization, carcinoembryonic antigen and mucus antigens named IMA and M1, which were isolated from intestinal mucosa and ovarian mucinous cyst fluid respectively, were studied in 4 benign, 8 borderline and 6 malignant mucinous tumors of the ovary. Intestinal type and goblet- like cells were sparse, if any, in benign tumors, but conspicuous in borderline and malignant ones. Carcinoembryonic antigen was located in the glycocalyx of intestinal type cells in the benign tumors, but distributed over the entire cytoplasm increasingly with malignancy. These findings lend support to the theory that malignant transformation may occur through intestinal metaplasia in mucous tumors. M1 was positive in many cells of all mucinous tumors, but IMA was shown in some goblet-like cells of a few tumors, regardless of malignancy or the presence of argyrophil cells. These phenomena could be best understood by postulating that IMA was located in the teratomatous intestinal goblet cells of the tumors.