深低温处理同种异体肌腱移植的生物力学性能实验研究

目的:探讨经深低温冷冻处理(-80℃)、未经处理同种异体肌腱和自体肌腱移植后的生物力学性能改变。方法:采用兔跟腱缺损修复模型,分为深低温冷冻处理同种异体肌腱移植组(深低温异体组)、未经处理同种异体肌腱移植组(未处理异体组)和自体肌腱移植组(自体组)。分别在移植前及移植后第3、6周时对三组跟腱进行生物力学性能测试。结果:深低温异体组移植后第3、第6周时其生物力学性能测试的各项指标均优于未处理异体组(P<0.05),而与自体组无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:深低温冷冻处理同种异体肌腱移植在生物力学方面的表现与自体肌腱移植结果基本相同,可替代自体肌腱应用于移植修复肌腱缺损。     

真皮移植替代鞘内屈肌腱的实验研究

为研究真皮替代鞘内屈肌腱的可行性，用兔真皮条移植替代鞘内屈趾肌腱，以正常鞘内屈趾肌腱为对照，观察移植物的形态及组织学变化，新生血管情况及生物力学性能，结果显示移植物术后２４周时大体形态，新生血管及胶原排列与对照组近似，生理需要强度与且比较无显著性差异，毛囊及皮脂腺完全退化，移植物１０周后延伸率为２３％，实验表明真皮能替代鞘内屈肌腱。     

人发角蛋白人工腱移植肌腱粘连的实验研究

目的通过动物实验对人发角蛋白人工腱移植后肌腱粘连情况进行较为细致的研究.方法以雄性成年鸡的趾深屈肌腱为实验模型,切除第二趾骨段相当于A2-A4滑车间趾深屈肌腱0.5cm,实验组用人发角蛋白人工腱(HHKAT)行肌腱移植,对照组用普通人发腱移植,分别于术后2、4、6、8周取材做大体病理观察,屈趾度及肌腱滑动度测量以及组织学观察,并进行比较.结果实验组移植肌腱滑动功能及屈趾活动好,且粘连程度轻,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),组织学显示肌腱修复实验组优于对照组.结论①人发角蛋白人工腱移植后肌腱粘连程度较普通人发腱轻微.②人发角蛋白人工腱移植后修复主要依靠"外源性愈合方式",肌腱滑动功能主要依赖术后早期的功能活动.     

深低温冷冻同种异体肌腱移植的生物力学研究

目的：探讨深低温冷冻同种异体肌腱替代自体肌腱的可行性及移植后异体肌腱的生物力学性能的动态变化。方法：采用兔跟腱缺损修复模型,以经深低温冷冻的同种异体跟腱为实验组,自体跟腱移植为对照组,分别在术前及术后２、４、８周时对实验组及对照组跟腱进行生物力学测试。结果：同种异体跟腱与自体跟腱在移植前和移植后２、４、８周时其生物力学测试的各项指标均无显著性差异。另外,同种异体跟腱在移植后其力学性能（除衰竭应变外     

腕掌部伤指浅腱段带蒂滑行移植修复鞘内屈肌腱缺损的研究

为给修复鞘内屈肌腱缺损提供一种带血供的滑膜腱移植体和方法，根据有关腕部屈肌腱的解剖文献［１～３］，对腕掌部浅腱段的血供来源、组织结构及生理功能进行了详细研究。结果证实腕部及掌部近侧段的浅腱位于滑液囊内，腱表面覆盖着脏层滑膜，称作滑膜腱。其血供主要来自腱系膜的血管。因此在腕上和鞘区同时切断同一浅腱后，该腱段的血液供应仍很丰富，且该腱的滑行距离由原来的２．５ｃｍ增大到５ｃｍ以上。经尸体摸拟试验证实，用该段腱带腱系膜血管蒂滑行移植修复鞘内５ｃｍ以内的屈肌腱缺根的方法是可行的。为确保临床的可靠应用，进一步用鸡足长趾屈肌腱制成鞘内屈肌腱缺损，分别进行踝跖部浅腱段带蒂滑行移植和游离移植的动物模型，对两种移植腱的愈合全过程连续进行大体、光镜、电镜组织学和最大抗张强度、滑行距离生物力学的对比观察和测定。结果表明：滑行移植腱的血液供应始终很丰富；其愈合速度比游离移植腱快约１４天；吻合处粘连轻而局限，呈膜状；愈合早期（３周）最大抗张强度、晚期（８周）滑行距离均明显优于游离移植腱。从而证明了血供在腱愈合过程中的重要作用。在上述研究的基础上，我们利用腕掌部伤指浅腱段带蒂滑行移植的方法，对７例９指鞘内屈肌腱缺损的病人（最长５ｃｍ）进?     

深低温处理同种异体肌腱移植的生物力学性能实验研究

目的：探讨经深低温冷冻处理（-80℃）、未经处理同种异体肌腱和自体肌腱移植后的生物力学性能改变。方法：采用兔跟腱缺损修复模型,分为深低温冷冻处理同种异体肌腱移植组（深低温异体组）、未经处理同种异体肌腱移植组（未处理异体组）和自体肌腱移植组（自体组）。分别在移植前及移植后第3、6周时对三组跟腱进行生物力学性能测试。结果：深低温异体组移植后第3、第6周时其生物力学性能测试的各项指标均优于未处理异体组（P〈0.05）,而与自体组无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：深低温冷冻处理同种异体肌腱移植在生物力学方面的表现与自体肌腱移植结果基本相同,可替代自体肌腱应用于移植修复肌腱缺损。     

骨形态发生蛋白对自体月国绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带后腱-骨愈合影响的生物力学研究

目的研究骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphorgenetic protein,BMP)对自体月国绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带后腱-骨愈合的影响,旨在为临床上提高肌腱移植物成活质量提供一种新方法。方法取35只成年新西兰大白兔,建立30只两只膝关节前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)完全断裂的自身对照模型。实验组用BMP充填胫骨隧道入口,对照组未用BMP。其余5只为生物力学试验的正常组。术后2、4、8、12和24周分别安乐处死6只新西兰大白兔。肉眼观察肌腱移植物生长情况及在胫骨隧道内的愈合情况,生物力学拉伸试验测定其生物力学的性能。结果2、4、8和12周实验组肌腱移植物较对照组抗拉伸的最大载荷明显要大,差异有显著性(P<0.05);24周实验组肌腱移植物较对照组抗拉伸的最大载荷稍大,差异无显著性(P>0.05);24周实验组及对照组肌腱移植物抗拉伸的最大载荷均比正常组要小,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论实验组肌腱移植物的生物力学特性优于对照组肌腱移植物;BMP能促进肌腱移植物在骨隧道内的早期腱-骨愈合。     

bFGF促进骨腱愈合的生物力学观察

目的：观察碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）对自体移植肌腱在骨隧道内愈合的影响,旨在为临床上提高肌腱移植物成活质量提供一种新方法。方法：建立24只新西兰兔足母长屈肌腱-跟骨隧道愈合动物模型。实验组分别于术中、术后第3、6、9、12、15天在自体移植肌腱-骨隧道界面注射填充碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）,对照组不作任何填充。分别于术后1、2、4、8周各处死6只兔子（每组3只）,行生物力学测试。结果：①实验组最大载荷及刚度除第1周与对照组无显著性差异外,余时间点与对照组相比均有增强,统计学差异显著。②术后第1、2、4周,实验组和对照组的断裂点均主要集中在骨腱愈合部位。术后8周,实验组断裂点较对照组更多的集中在肌腱段,而对照组则主要为骨隧道内拔出。结论：碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）可以在术后早期增强腱-骨界面的结合力,促进移植肌腱在骨隧道内的愈合。     

Synoviolin基因修饰滑膜细胞对肌腱术后的生物力学研究

目的探讨在Synoviolin基因修饰滑膜细胞条件下预防肌腱粘连的效果。方法 36只Leghom鸡按随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,每组18只。将2组鸡的左侧第3、4趾深屈肌腱(Ⅱ区)间腱鞘作部分切除,肌腱切断,并行原位缝合后,实验组将Synoviolin基因重组的腺病毒载体直接注入腱鞘残端表面;对照组注入生理盐水。术后1、3、8周取材,行大体观察、生物力学测试、组织学观察及生化检测。结果实验组在手术区域形成新生腱鞘,对照组手术区域只有瘢痕生成;实验组肌腱的滑动距离、模拟主动屈曲度及肌腱最大延伸率均高于对照组(均P<0.05);实验组术后1、8周肌腱最大抗拉力及腱段羟脯氨酸含量均优于对照组(P<0.05),而术后3周比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Synoviolin基因修饰滑膜细胞能使无滑膜肌腱滑膜化,提高肌腱愈合质量,有效地预防肌腱粘连。     

深低温处理同种异体肌腱移植组织形态学变化实验研究

目的探讨经深低温冷冻处理(-80℃)、未经处理同种异体肌腱和自体肌腱移植后组织形态学的变化。方法采用兔跟腱缺损修复模型,分为深低温冷冻同种异体肌腱移植组(深低温异体组)、未经处理同种异体肌腱移植组(未处理异体组)和自体肌腱移植组(自体组)。在移植后3周对肌腱进行组织形态学观察。结果光镜、电镜下未处理异体组肌腱腱束变性、坏死,而深低温异体组与自体组则无明显差别。结论深低温冷冻同种异体肌腱移植在形态学方面的表现与自体肌腱移植结果基本相同。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.