慢病毒载体介导RNA干扰体外抑制人胰腺癌细胞VIM基因的表达

Objective: To construct a lentiviral expression vector for RNA interference (RNAi) of human VIM gene; and assess its gene silencing effect in pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1. Methods: Three pairs of human VIM gene short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences were designed using a software available on-line and one pair came from document. After synthesis and annealing, four double-stranded oligonucleotides (dsOligo) were cloned into the pGCL-GFP/U6 plasmid, which were subsequently confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing analysis. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to screen the effective pGCL-GFP-shRNA plasmid in 293T cells, then the most effective one was packed into the recombinant lentivirus Lv-VIM-shRNA with lentiviral packing materials pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0 in 293T cells.The titer of lentivirus was determined by hole-by-dilution titer assay. The silencing effect of Lv-VIM-shRNA in Panc-1 cells were validated by real-time PCR and Western-blotting. Results: An effective Lv-VIM-shRNA was successfully constructed.The titer of lentivirus was determined on 2×109TU/mL. The expressions of VIM mRNA and vimentin were down-regluated in the Panc-1 cells infected with Lv-VIM-shRNA. Conclusion: An effective Lv-VIM-shRNA could inhibit the expression of VIM gene in Panc-1 cells in vitro, which provides a tool for investigating the role of VIM gene in the signaling pathway involved in tumorigenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer and searching new therapeutic targets.     

慢病毒载体介导RNA干扰抑制Livin对人大肠癌HT-29细胞生物学行为的影响

  目的  探讨慢病毒载体介导RNA干扰(RNAi)抑制大肠癌细胞系HT-29细胞Livin基因表达对其生物学行为的影响。  方法  设计、合成靶向Livin的siRNA, 构建pGCSIL-GFP慢病毒载体, 采用Real-time PCR和Western blot方法观察对人大肠癌HT-29细胞Livin mRNA及蛋白质表达的抑制; 并通过台盼蓝拒染法、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)、流式细胞术及Matrigel穿膜侵袭实验检测细胞增殖、凋亡、细胞周期及细胞侵袭性的变化。  结果  重组慢病毒Livin-RNAi-LV1能够有效抑制Livin的表达, 使Livin mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低(P < 0.01);Livin沉默能抑制HT-29细胞增殖(P < 0.05), 细胞凋亡增加(P < 0.01), 细胞周期重新分布, G₀/G₁期细胞比例升高(P < 0.05), S期细胞比例降低(P < 0.05), G₂/M期细胞比例降低(P < 0.05) HT-29细胞体外侵袭能力也明显减弱(P < 0.01)。  结论  利用慢病毒载体介导RNA干扰技术沉默Livin基因的表达可以抑制大肠癌HT-29细胞增殖, 促进细胞凋亡, 使细胞侵袭性减弱。      

慢病毒载体及其研究进展

慢病毒载体（lentivirus vector, LV）是目前分子及细胞生物实验中非常有效的工具,在基因转染方面有着许多独特的优势,例如,对细胞是否处于有丝分裂期没有特别的要求,基因转染效率高,可容纳较大基因片段等。本文将就慢病毒载体的来源、分子特征及研究进展等进行综述。     

Livin基因RNAi表达载体的构建及其沉默效应观察

目的:构建针对人Livin基因的短发夹状小干扰RNA(shRNA)表达载体,并观察该载体对Livin基因表达的沉默效应.方法:设计并合成4个Livin靶向的发夹状siRNA靶序列,退火后分别连接入pGCL-GFP慢病毒表达载体,转化,扩增后测序.以含有Livin基因的质粒为模板,扩增Livin基因cDNA序列的特异性片段,连接,克隆入真核表达载体pdsRED2-N1-3FLAG.将构建好的Livin基因过表达克隆质粒和不同靶点的RNAi表达载体质粒,经lipfectamine2000包裹,共转染人人293T细胞,Western blot和荧光显微镜检测Livin蛋白的表达情况,判断不同靶点的干扰效果.结果:Livin基因RNAi的表达载体pGCL-GFP-shLivin和Livin基因过表达载体pdsRED2-N1-Livin的阳性克隆序列正确.人293T细胞Livin蛋白表达90%被阻断.结论:成功构建高效阻断Livin基因表达的RNAi慢病毒表达载体,为应用RNAi进一步研究Livin基因的生物学功能奠定基础.     

慢病毒载体介导的RNA干扰下调膜联蛋白A1对小细胞肺癌细胞生物学行为的影响

目的:探究AnnexinA1对小细胞肺癌细胞生物学行为的影响。方法:构建干扰AnnexinA1的慢病毒载体,转染至SBC-5细胞株;体外增殖、迁移、侵袭实验观察下调AnnexinA1表达对小细胞肺癌细胞株生物学行为的影响。结果:干扰AnnexinA1的细胞株ANXA1 RNAi-SBC-5构建成功。与转染空载体的对照细胞相比,抑制AnnexinA1的表达能够显著抑制SBC-5细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力。结论:AnnexinA1表达可能与肺癌骨转移密切相关。     

慢病毒介导RNA干扰Pin1异构酶的鼻咽癌稳定细胞株的建立和鉴定

目的:应用慢病毒介导的RNA干扰技术,建立稳定表达siPin1的鼻咽癌细胞株。方法:将对照组病毒液lv-3和实验组病毒液siPin1感染CNE2细胞,通过嘌呤霉素和绿色荧光检测筛选siPin1稳定细胞株,在荧光显微镜下观察细胞的荧光表达,通过定量PCR和Western blot鉴定siPin1细胞Pin1 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果:筛选siPin1稳定表达细胞株嘌呤霉素筛选浓度为1μg/ml,病毒感染后超过90%细胞发出绿色荧光,实验组siPin1与对照组lv-3相比,Pin1 mRNA表达水平下降,Western blotting检测Pin1蛋白表达明显减少。结论:成功构建Pin1干扰的稳定表达鼻咽癌细胞株,为后续研究提供工具细胞。     

SET基因shRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其在肝细胞中的表达鉴定

目的： 构建SET基因shRNA慢病毒表达载体,为研究SET在三氯乙烯毒性机制中的作用提供技术支持。 方法：通过NCBI检索SET序列,设计合成5对shRNA片段,退火后连接到慢病毒载体pLVX-shRNA1 vector。挑取筛选的单菌落,经PCR和测序鉴定后提取质粒。将质粒共转染到293T细胞,收集病毒上清,转导入L-02肝细胞中,利用嘌呤霉素筛选得到SET缺陷型细胞,最后利用荧光定量PCR和Western blot鉴定干扰效果。结果：PCR和测序结果证明双链shRNA正确插入慢病毒载体pLVX-shRNA1 vector,共转染293T细胞得到高滴度病毒,转导L-02细胞筛选出SET基因缺陷型细胞。结论：利用慢病毒介导的RNAi技术成功构建了SET基因缺陷型细胞。     

慢病毒介导shRNA特异性沉默livin基因促进SPC-A1细胞凋亡

目的：建立慢病毒介导的livin基因沉默系统,探讨其对肺癌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：Livin shRNA慢病毒感染肺腺癌细胞株SPCA1沉默livin基因表达。应用PI染色经荧光镜下观察SPCA1细胞凋亡形态,流式细胞术检测SPCA1细胞凋亡率及亚二倍体峰形成,Realtime PCR及Western blotting方法检测livin和caspase 3表达的改变。结果：livin基因在肺腺癌细胞株SPCA1中持续高表达。经慢病毒介导shRNA使livin基因表达沉默后,镜下可见肺腺癌细胞出现典型凋亡形态特征,流式细胞术检测出现亚二倍体峰,细胞凋亡率较空白对照及阴性病毒对照细胞明显增加（8.21％ vs 0.08％, 0.13％;P<0.05）,RTPCR及Western blotting 检测结果显示,caspase 3 mRNA表达无改变,但cleavedcaspase 3蛋白表达上调。结论：慢病毒载体介导的shRNA能抑制肺腺癌细胞株SPCA1中livin基因的表达,从而促进SPCA1细胞凋亡。     

慢病毒介导的CIB1过表达对人脑胶质瘤细胞增殖和周期影响

目的 神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统最常见的原发性肿瘤,其中恶性度最高的多形性胶质母细胞瘤现有的手术及放化疗等治疗方式对患者总体生存率无显著改善.本研究观察重组慢病毒中与肿瘤增殖、周期相关的钙整合素结合蛋白1(calcium-and integrin-binding protein 1,CIB1)基因,在人胶质瘤细胞系U251中的过表达情况及对其增殖和周期的影响.方法 PCR扩增CIB1目的片段,构建CIB1重组pLVX-IRES-CIB1-tdTomato慢病毒载体,将重组慢病毒表达载体感染293T包装细胞,进行病毒的包装并检测病毒滴度,筛选最佳病毒感染复数并感染U251胶质瘤细胞,荧光显微镜观察pLVX-IRES-CIB1-tdTomato慢病毒表达,CCK-8法检测CIB1过表达对人胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞仪检测CIB1过表达对细胞周期的影响.结果 成功构建慢病毒表达载体pLVX-CIB1-IRES-tdTomato,制备了重组CIB1慢病毒和空载体慢病毒,病毒滴度分别为2.9×107和2.8×107 ifu/mL;用最佳病毒感染复数100感染U251细胞.CCK-8检测显示,CIB1感染组与空载体对照组及空白组相比明显促进细胞增殖(P＜0.05),提示CIB1过表达对人脑胶质瘤细胞U251有生长促进效应.流式细胞检测显示,CIB1感染组U251细胞G2/M期细胞百分比明显增加,S期细胞比例下降.结论 CIB1过表达可以促进U251细胞增殖,并使细胞G2/M细胞比例上升.     

人乙酰肝素酶RNAi慢病毒干扰载体的构建与鉴定

目的:采用第三代慢病毒载体构建乙酰肝素酶基因的慢病毒干扰载体,为进一步的基因治疗研究打下基础.方法:根据Genebank上人类乙酰肝素酶(HPSE)mRNA(NM_006665)序列,设计4对siRNA和阴性对照、阳性对照各一对.LipofectamineTM2000法转染卵巢癌细胞后提取总RNA,荧光定量PCR检测HPSE表达情况,选择抑制效率最佳的一对构建pSico载体.结果:通过测序显示与构建的shRNA结构序列完全一致.结论:构建了人乙酰肝素酶的慢病毒干扰载体,其抑制效果待进一步实验.     

siRNA干扰ClC-2表达对人胶质瘤U-87细胞增殖的抑制作用

背景与目的:利用小干扰RNA(smallinterferingRNA,siRNA)抑制哺乳动物基因表达已成为研究基因功能的一种有效方法。本研究采用siRNA抑制人神经胶质瘤细胞系U-87细胞上容积调控氯通道ClC-2基因的表达,观察其受抑制后对细胞增殖能力的影响。方法:设计和构建两个针对人ClC-2基因的siRNA真核表达载体,并给予酶切鉴定和DNA序列分析鉴定;用脂质体LipofectamineTM2000介导转染,将空载体质粒pSUPER.puro-shRNA和两个重组质粒pSUPER.puro-shRNA-ClC-21、pSUPER.puro-shRNA-ClC-22分别转染入U-87细胞(依次为PP0组、PP1组和PP2组);采用RT-PCR检测ClC-2mRNA表达变化;MTT分析检测细胞活性;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期;平板克隆形成实验检测克隆形成率。结果:目的片段成功地连接到真核细胞表达载体pSUPER.puro上。PP1组、PP2组与对照组、PP0组相比较,ClC-2基因的mRNA水平明显降低,细胞生长速度明显减慢,细胞周期进程被阻滞在G1期:细胞的G1期百分含量分别增加了约30.24%、18.04%(P<0.05)。平板克隆形成试验发现,克隆形成率PP1组[(11.0±1.0)%]、PP2组[(20±3.1)%]明显低于对照组[(46.5±1.6)%]和PP0组[(47.5±2.8)%](P<0.01)。结论:干扰人神经胶质瘤细胞系U-87细胞的ClC-2基因表达可以抑制细胞的增殖,提示ClC-2基因可能成为控制人恶性胶质瘤生长的新靶点。     

RNA干扰沉默MSI1表达对人脑胶质瘤细胞化疗敏感度的影响

目的 探讨RNA干扰沉默MSI1表达对人脑胶质瘤细胞化疗药物敏感度的影响。方法 构建针对MSI1 mRNA的小分子RNA干扰（siRNA）重组质粒pSIREN-MSI1,转染人脑胶质瘤U-87MG细胞;Western blot检测U-87MG细胞内MSI1蛋白的表达;CCK-8法观察U-87MG细胞对化疗药物替莫唑胺（TMZ）敏感度的改变;流式细胞仪（FCM）检测pSIREN-MSI1转染后对U-87MG细胞凋亡的影响。结果 成功构建了重组质粒pSIREN-MSI1,并成功转染U-87MG细胞;Western blot结果显示pSIREN-MSI1抑制U-87MG细胞中MSI1蛋白的表达（P<0.01）;CCK-8结果显示在替莫唑胺作用下,pSIREN-MSI1组U-87MG细胞的存活率明显下降（P<0.01）;FCM结果表明pSIREN-MSI1转染后明显提高U-87MG细胞的凋亡率（P<0.01）。结论 MSI1 siRNA能特异性抑制人脑胶质瘤细胞U-87MG细胞中MSI1的表达,增强人脑胶质瘤U-87MG细胞对化疗药物的敏感度,并促进细胞的凋亡。     

RNA干扰Nodal基因对胃癌细胞凋亡及血管生成的影响

目的构建并鉴定Nodal基因的RNA慢病毒表达载体,探讨Nodal基因对胃癌及血管生成的作用。方法针对Nodal mRNA设计siRNA,构建慢病毒质粒,测序鉴定质粒构建成功。将构建的慢病毒质粒及包装质粒共转染293T细胞,鉴定慢病毒包装成功,并测定其滴度。将慢病毒转染人胃腺癌细胞株MKN-45,通过qPCR检测Nodal基因表达。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡。Cellomics仪观察人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)血管生成。结果通过测序显示,插入Nodal基因RNAi序列正确。包装后测定病毒滴度达(5.0×10~8)TU/ml,qPCR检测提示RNA干扰病毒转染MKN-45细胞株后,Nodal基因表达水平显著下降。干扰后胃癌细胞凋亡率明显上升(P<0.05),干扰Nodal基因对血管生成无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论成功构建了人Nodal基因的RNAi慢病毒表达系统。干扰Nodal基因显著增加胃癌细胞凋亡。     

Co-transduction of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 Augments Etoposide-induced Apoptosis in U-373MG Glioma Cells

Several apoptosis-related genes have been reported to be involved in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in cancers. An assessment of the relationship between expression of those genes and the degree of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis may be useful in improving the efficacy of cancer therapy. We transduced Apaf-1 (apoptotic protease-activating factor-1) and caspase-9 into U-373MG glioma cells using adenovirus (Adv) vectors in the presence of etoposide and evaluated the degree of apoptosis. The degree of apoptosis in etoposide-treated U-373MG cells infected with Adv for Apaf-1 (Adv-APAFl) was higher (27%) than that in cells infected with control Adv (14%), that in cells infected with Adv for caspase-9 (Adv-Casp9) was higher (34%) than that in cells infected with Adv-APAFl, and that in cells infected with both Adv-APAFl and Adv-Casp9 was the highest (41%). Treatment with etoposide increased expression of p53 and decreased expression of Bcl-X_L in U-373MG cells which harbored mutant p53. These results indicate that the expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-9 may be important determinants in predicting the sensitivity of cancers to chemotherapy. Adv-mediated co-transduction of Apaf-1 and caspase-9 should render cancer cells highly sensitive to chemotherapy.     

CyclinD1干扰RNA对肝癌细胞HepG2增殖和凋亡的作用

[目的]探讨干扰RNA对人肝癌细胞株HepG2的CyclinDl基因表达以及细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。[方法]将表达CyclinDlsiRNA的重组质粒pU6-CyclinDl-siRNA导入HepG2细胞,同时设立阴性对照空载体转染组及空白对照组。倒置荧光显微镜观察G418筛选稳定转染的细胞。MTr法检测细胞生长增殖率,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,RT-PCR、WesternBlot方法检测CyclinDl沉默效果。[结果]与阴性对照组及空白对照组相比,转染组细胞生长速度减慢,凋亡率上升,CyclinDlmRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显下降（P均〈0．05）。[结论]RNA干扰技术可有效抑制细胞增殖,导致细胞凋亡,使CyclinDlmRNA及蛋白表达水平均明显下降。     

腺病毒介导的shRNA沉默hTERT基因表达对鼻咽癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的探讨靶向人端粒酶反转录酶（hTERT)的短发夹RNA（shRNA)对人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE-2 hTERT表达的影响,及其对鼻咽癌细胞增殖和凋亡的效应。方法构建表达绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因和靶向hTERT基因短发夹RNA的重组腺病毒质粒,观察其对鼻咽癌细胞株(CNE-2)的转染效果,RT-PCR检测hTERT mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测hTERT蛋白表达水平,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡状况。结果Adv-EGFP-shTERT重组腺病毒质粒转染率可达90%以上,成功转染CNE-2细胞24 h后,hTERT mRNA的表达水平显著下降,转染48 h后,hTERT蛋白表达明显下调,细胞增殖活性受到显著抑制,细胞凋亡率可达23.0%。结论腺病毒载体介导靶向hTERT基因的RNA干扰,能显著抑制端粒酶反转录酶表达,进而抑制端粒酶活性,抑制CNE-2细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡,为鼻咽癌的基因治疗研究提供了理论基础。     

RNA Interference of Caveolin-1 Via Lentiviral Vector Inhibits Growth of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma FaDu Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Objective: To investigate the effects of caveolin-1 (CAV1) on the growth of hypopharyngeal squamous cellcarcinoma (HSCC) FaDu cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: A CAV1-RNAi-lentivirus construct was transfectedinto FaDu cells and expression of caveolin-1 was tested by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. Cell apoptosiswas analyzed by transferase-medisated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Tumor inhibition effects wereinvestigated by injecting rCAV1-RNAi-lentivirus construct into tumors created with FaDu cells in the HSCCmouse model, with the empty-vector lentivirus as a control. CAV1 expression in xenografts was tested by RT-PCRand immunohistochemistry. Results: RT-PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated successful construction ofthe CAV1-RNAi-lentivirus construct producing small hairpin RNA. The average weights and volumes of tumorin mice treated with CAV1-RNAi-lentivirus were lower than in mice with control treatment (P<0.05). RT-PCRrevealed weak positive expression of CAV1 in CAV1-construct–treated xenografts and immunohistochemistryconfirmed lower CAV1 expression than in controls.(P<0.05). In addition, downregulation of CAV1 increased cellapoptosis in vitro. Conclusion: The growth of HSCCs could be inhibited by recombinant CAV1-RNAi-lentivirusin vitro and in vivo.     

Inhibitory Effect of Benzyl Isothiocyanate on Proliferation in vitro of Human Glioma Cells

Malignant glioma, also known as brain cancer, is the most common intracranial tumor, having an extremelyhigh mortality and recurrence rate. The survival rate of the affected patients is very low and treatment is difficult.Hence, growth inhibition of glioma has become a hot topic in the study of brain cancer treatment. Among thevarious isothiocyanate compounds, it has been confirmed that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) can inhibit thegrowth of a variety of tumors, including leukemia, glioma and lung cancer, both inside and outside the body.This study explored inhibitory effects of BITC on human glioma U87MG cells, as well as potential mechanisms.It was found that BITC could inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycling of U87MG cells. Inaddition, it inhibited the expression of SOD and GSH, and caused oxidative stress to tumor cells. Therefore, itis believed that BITC can inhibit the growth of U87MG cells outside the body. Its mechanism may be related tothe fact that BITC can cause oxidative stress to tumor cells.     

Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 Targets miR-122 to Promote Proliferation,Migration, and Invasion of Glioma Cells

Glioma is the most common and lethal malignant intracranial tumor. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as pivotal regulators in the tumorigenesis of glioma. However, the role of lncRNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) in glioma genesis is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying function of UCA1 on glioma genesis. The results demonstrated that UCA1 was upregulated in glioma tissue and indicated a poor prognosis. UCA1 knockdown induced by si-UCA1 significantly suppressed the proliferative, migrative, and invasive activities of glioma cell lines (U87 and U251). Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay verified the complementary binding within UCA1 and miR-122 at the 3¢-UTR. Functional experiments revealed that UCA1 acted as an miR-122 “sponge” to modulate glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via downregulation of miR-122. Overall, the present study demonstrated that lncRNA UCA1 acts as an endogenous sponge of miR-122 to promote glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which provides a novel insight and therapeutic target in the tumorigenesis of glioma.