高脂血症在肾小球疾病进展中的作用

早在两个世纪以前,人们便已经注意到许多肾小球疾病存在脂质代谢异常,但随后很长一段时间里对其重要性和临床意义认识不足.近年来,随着基础和临床研究的不断深入,高脂血症在肾小球疾病发生、发展中的作用受到了肾脏病学界的广泛关注,特别是自1982年Moorhead提出"脂质肾毒性”的概念以来,有关此方面的研究日益增多,证实高脂血症在肾小球疾病进展中是一个重要和独立的影响因素.     

小儿肾脏疾病与脂质代谢紊乱临床探讨

目的 探讨小儿肾脏疾病与脂质代谢紊乱的关系.方法 整群选取该院2014年8月—2015年9月肾病综合征患儿为观察组,选取同期正常的健康体检小儿为对照组.检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ApoA1与ApoB.结果 观察组的TC为(10.42±3.68)、TG为(2.43±2.31)、HDL-C为(2.01±2.34)、LDL-C为(7.58±2.71)以及ApoB为(1.32±0.36),均高于对照组,组间比较有差异(P<0.05).结论 小儿肾脏疾病与脂质代谢紊乱之间存在密切的关系,脂质代谢紊乱是促肾小球硬化的一个高危因素,会造成患儿的肾功能出现进行性损害.     

参麦注射液对肢体缺血-再灌注后肾脏脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

①目的　探讨参麦注射液(SMI)对实验性家兔肢体缺血-再灌注所致肾的脂质过氧化损伤保护作用。②方法　将24只 家兔随机分为假手术组(Sham)、缺血再灌注组(I/R)和缺血再灌注+参麦注射液组(I/R+SMI)。各组均经缺血4小时后再灌注4小 时取材,分别测定血浆、肾组织及出肾血、入肾血中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,同时测定血清肌酐(Cr)含量。③ 结果　肢体缺血-再灌注后血浆及肾组织中MDA含量较假手术组显著升高,SOD含量显著降低(P<0.05),而参麦注射液治疗组血 浆及组织中MDA含量较缺血再灌注组显著降低,SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05);I/R组出肾血中MDA含量明显高于入肾血(P< 0.05),SOD活性明显低于入肾血(P<0.01);而Sham组和I/R+SMI组出、入肾血中MDA含量和SOD活性无显著差异;I/R组血清Cr较 Sham组明显升高,而I/R+SMI组与I/R组相比血清Cr明显降低,但仍高于Sham组。④结论　肢体缺血-再灌注可引起肾脏的脂质 过氧化损伤,参麦注射液对肢体缺血-再灌注引起的肾脏脂质过氧化具有保护作用。     

脂质肾毒性研究进展

越来越多的证据表明,过多脂质在非脂肪组织沉积将通过"脂毒性"对器官造成损害。肾脏脂质过多沉积可能通过氧化应激、内质网应激、炎症应激等机制导致慢性肾脏疾病。该文简要概括肾脏脂质的正常生理功能、近期关于脂毒性与肾脏疾病之间联系的研究以及目前临床常用的治疗策略,以便进一步加强对脂代谢异常导致的肾损伤的理解。     

慢性肾脏疾病患者血脂变化的临床意义

目的:探讨脂质代谢紊乱对慢性肾脏疾病(chronic kidney d isease,CKD)患者肾功能的影响.方法:回顾性调查分析131例慢性肾脏疾病患者的血脂、血浆白蛋白、肾功能情况,肾功能按内生肌酐清除率分为5组,比较不同程度的慢性肾脏损害的血脂、血浆白蛋白水平.结果:不同肾功能水平相比,血脂、血浆白蛋白水平存在显著差别;总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与内生肌酐清除率下降正相关(r值和P值分别为0.119,＜0.01;0.354,＜0 .01;0.12 0,＜0.01),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及血浆白蛋白水平与内生肌酐清除率下降负相关(r 值和P 值分别为-0.343,＜0.01;-0.246,＜0.01).CKD3期患者的脂质代谢紊乱与CKD5 期相比无显著性差异.结论:随着肾功能恶化的进展,脂质紊乱和低蛋白血症越严重.在肾功能恶化进展至CKD3期之前,应给予降脂治疗,有助于改善患者的肾功能.     

高脂血症与肾脏疾病

高脂血症与肾脏疾病关系密切 ,它既是许多原发或继发性肾脏病的常见临床表现 ,并参与了肾脏疾病的发生及发展。 1982年Ｍｏｏｒｈｅａｄ等提出脂质代谢紊乱加剧肾损伤的假说以来 ,有关方面的研究日益增多 ,特别是近年细胞分子生物学技术的飞速发展 ,许多研究证明高脂血症在引起和促进肾脏病的发生和发展中起重要作用。1　高脂血症导致肾损害的证据Ｖｉｒｃｈｏｗ在 186 0年就指出肾小球疾病的发生与肾小球内脂质的沉积有关 ,1913年Ｍｕｎ在肾病综合征患儿的肾脏组织内发现有脂质沉积 ,并认为肾病综合征的肾小球病变是全身脂质代谢紊乱的结果…     

肾病对人体寿命的影响

中医有种说法叫“想长寿,护好肾”。虽然中西医中“肾”的含义不同,但这句话都适用。威廉·米奇教授就表示,如果人们能护好肾,减少肾脏疾病的发生,人类整体寿命就会增加。     

“特效愈肾丹”治疗肾脏疾病100例疗效观察

目的 探索精心研制的“特效愈肾丹”治疗肾脏疾病的临床疗效。方法 凡确诊为肾盂肾炎、肾炎综合征、肾病综合征、肾功能衰竭等患者，均采用纯中药“特效愈肾丹”治疗，观察临床疗效。结果治疗100例肾脏疾病患者中，治愈90例，占90．0％，有效7例，占7．0％，无效3例，占3．0％，总有效治愈率为97．0％。结论“特效愈肾丹”治疗肾脏疾病不需联用西药激素、透析、肾移植等，就能达到预期治疗的目的，且疗效显著，无副作用，患者服用方便，经济低廉，是广大普通百姓患者治疗用药的最佳选择，值得临床推广应用。     

五氧化二钒对大鼠肾脏毒性的机理探讨 Ⅰ.五氧化二钒诱导的脂质过氧化

本文用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法和荧光法研究了五氧化二钒(V_2O_5)对大鼠肾脏的脂质过氧化作用。结果表明,V_2O_5经体内和在体外给予均能诱导大鼠肾皮质细胞生物膜的脂质过氧化,体外接触后的过氧化部位主要在线粒体膜和微粒体膜,体内染毒后则主要限于微粒体膜。醋酸锌和 EDTA 在体外实验中均能抑制 V_2O_5所诱导的脂质过氧化。     

脂质代谢紊乱与足细胞损伤研究进展

脂质肾毒性被认为是慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的病因之一。脂质代谢紊乱引起脂质异位沉积于肾脏足细胞中,参与CKD发生和进展的病理生理过程,并导致足细胞的胰岛素信号异常、线粒体功能障碍、内质网应激和凋亡。因此,纠正肾脏脂质代谢紊乱是CKD的一个重要治疗目标。本文回顾了脂质肾毒性的研究进展以便更好地理解血脂异常在CKD发病中起到的作用。     

内肾外肾论

提出内肾外肾学说。内肾主水,相当于西医解剖学中的泌尿系统;外肾主精,相当于西医解剖学中下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴系统和解剖学的外生殖器官;内肾、外肾合而为中医肾,相当于泌尿系统、生殖系统、下丘脑-垂体-腺轴(甲状腺、胸腺、肾上腺、性腺)系统及神经内分泌免疫网络系统。内、外肾在解剖上相互联系,生理上密切相关,病理上相互关联,治疗上互相影响。内肾、外肾是中医肾的物质及功能基石,肾阴、肾阳是中医肾的物质及功能的运用和体现。      

Kidney

Effects of immunosuppressants on CD^＋ CD25^＋ regulatory T cells in human renal transplant recipients; Effect of low-dose FK778 on the progression of chronic renal allograft rejection in a rat model; The use of tacrolimus in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation： a single-centre experience in China     

Kidney

Conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus for the treatment of chronic allograft nephropathy , Clinical diagnosis and treatment of BK virus infection in renal transplant recipients , Clinical study on avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 24 renal transplantation patients , Clinical and histopathological analysis in living donor kidney transplantation recipients, Evaluation of the early-stage safety of livingrelated kidney transplant donors , Living-related donor kidney transplantation101 cases reports     

Kidney

Safety analysis of live relative liver donors in kidney trasplantation; Analysis on spouse donor renal transplantation; Use of cystatin C in the evaluation of posttransplant renal allograft function.     

Kidney

Rapamune and tacrolimus improve renal function significantly in chronic allograft nephropathy,Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in renal transplantation recipients,Use creatinine reduction ratio to predict the graft funciton recovery after kidney transplantation,Functional protection and long-term survival of renal allograft by the combination of ACE inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker,     

Kidney

<正>209098 Effects of silencing TGF-β1 by RNA interference plasmid on extracellular matrix synthesis of rat renal allograft/Xia Yuguo(夏雨果,Dept Urol,1st Affil Hosp,Chongqing Med Univ,Chongqing 400016)…∥Chin J Organ Transplant. -2009,30(10). -585～588 Objective To investigate the effects of shRNA-TGF-β1 plasmid on extracellular matrix synthesis of rat renal allograft.     

Kidney

The clinical feasibility study on kidney transplantation for uremia patients without prior dialysis,Relationship between MDR1 exon 26 genotype and dosage of FKS06 and acute rejection following renal transplantation,Clinical application of mizoribine in minimizing virus infection risk in renal graft recipients, Prospectively study of pravastatin in the treatmerit of dyslipidemia after renal transplantation, Gene expression profile in acute rejected transplant kidneys detected by microarray[第一段]     

Kidney

<正>209606 Immunologic and pathologic features of an accelerated rejection model of renal allotransplantation in rhesus monkeys/Chen Song(陈松,Inst Organ Transplant,Tongji Hosp,Tongji Med Col,Huazhong Univ Sci Technol,Wuhan430030)…∥Chin J Orgn Transpbnt.-2009,30(9). -515 ～518     

Kidney

<正>209467 Diagnosis and treatment of multifocal urothelial carcinomas of kidney recipients following renal transplantation/Wu Jianhui(吴建辉,Dept Urol,Tianjin 1st Central Hosp,Tianjin 300192)…∥Chin J Organ Transplant.-2009,30(6).-331～333Objective To analyze the etiology,clinical diagnosis and outcomes of 6 cases of multifocal urothelial carcinomas following transplantation.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 6 cases of multifocal urothelial carcinomas following renal transplantation in our center.Results Six patients were diagnosed as having multifocal urotheial carcinomas,including 1 case of related renal transplantation.Five cases were diagnosed by painless gross hematuria 2~48 months after renal transplantation,and 1 patients was diagnosed as having bladder tumors by B-ultrasound.All lesions happened un-simultaneously,from 1.5~16 months,and each case accepted operation 2~5 times.One case accepted radical cystectomy and cutaneous ureterostomy of the graft,and one accepted radical cystectomy,cutaneous ureterostomy of the graft and urethectomy.All of 6 cases received OKT3 or Daclizumab as the induced-immunosuppressive therapy and tacrolimus or cyclosporine A+mycofenolate mofetil+steroid as the maintenance therapy.Intravesical chemotherapy started in all patients immediately after the surgery.All operations were successful and most patients got satisfactory results.Conclusion Kidney recipients have a higher rate of transitional cell carcinomas which are characterized by easy metastasis,and mostly have unsatisfactory prognosis.Kidney recipitents with hematuria should be examined carefully with cystoscopy,retrograde pyelography and cystourethroscopy.A routine examination at regular intervals after transplantation is very important.9 refs.     

Kidney

The effect of nonfunctioning allograft nephrectomy on the level of anti-HLA antibody in sensitive reeipients; Comparison of the clinical results between living related and cadaveric donor renal transplantation;