经胃镜光动力学疗法治疗上消化道恶性肿瘤

目的观察经胃镜半导体激光光动力学疗法治疗上消化道恶性肿瘤的疗效和不良反应。方法进展期或术后复发上消化道癌患者27例。静脉滴注血卟啉衍生物（HpD）5mg／kg，48h后应用半导体激光经胃镜对病灶部位进行照射，治疗1～2个月后复查胃镜观察病灶变化。判定总体疗法，肿瘤病理组织学类型、分化程度与疗效的关系，进口、国产半导体激光器照射对疗效的影响。结果27例治疗后的显效率为40．7％（11／27），总有效率为74．1％（20／27），无效者占25．9％（7／27）。不同病理类型和不同分化程度的肿瘤对光动力学治疗均表现出近似的敏感性，进口或国产半导体激光器治疗的疗效相当。主要不良反应为照射部位局部疼痛、反酸／烧心、吞咽不适及轻度发热。结论半导体激光光动力学疗法治疗上消化道恶性肿瘤，可取得较好的局部疗效，不良反应耐受性好。     

光动力学加局注化疗药物治疗消化道肿瘤

光动力学加局注化疗药物治疗消化道肿瘤聂晓光，贾方，汪成，郝润春光动力学疗法（简称ＰＤＴ）是一种治疗恶性肿瘤的新技术。为了进一步提高疗效，我院于１９９０年７月～１９９２年７月期间，采用内镜下ＰＤＴ加局注化疗药物的方法治疗消化道肿瘤患者２１０例，通过分组...     

光动力学疗法治疗膀胱癌（附9例临床分析）

光动力学疗法治疗膀胱癌（附９例临床分析）钱嘉萍，姬青，冯云秋，王福让，刘法文，甘为民自１９８５年５月至１９９０年１１月，用光动力学疗法治疗膀胱移行上皮细胞癌９例，疗效满意。临床资料９例患者中，男７例，女２例；年龄４１～７６岁；原发４例，术后复发５例；...     

光动力学疗法治疗食管贲门癌疗效观察与护理体会

我院近期采用经内镜光动力学疗法（ＰＤＴ）对３８例食管贲门癌患者进行治疗，取得了较好效果，现介绍如下。资料和方法１－临床资料　３８例患者中男性２６例，女性１２例；年龄４２～７６岁，平均６４岁。病变位于食管上段５例，中段２１例，贲门１２例。均经病理检查确诊，鳞癌２７例，腺癌１１例。其中１４例伴有其他部位的转移。２－治疗方法　先以血卟啉原液给患者做皮肤过敏试验，阴性者按３～５ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量静脉注射血卟啉。分别在用药后４８和７２ｈ，将脉冲铜蒸汽泵浦染料激光治癌机（波长６３０ｎｍ）　　作者单位：　山东省潍…     

光动力学疗法治疗食管、胃早期癌

目的：观察血卟啉-光动力学疗法治疗食管、胃早期癌的效果。方法：食管、胃早期癌患者7例，采用美国生产的卟吩姆钠（photofrin）Ⅱ，剂量为2．5mg／kg和扬州制药厂生产的光卟啉注射液，剂量为5mg／kg，48、72h后行630nm的红光照射。     

消化道多原发癌的X线病理诊断(附11例报告)

目的：探讨消化道多原发癌的X线病理诊断，提高诊断能力，方法：11例有消化道症状的患者均经X线钡剂造影检查，其中8例内镜检查活检，4例手术，最终均经病理确诊为多在发癌，结果：同时多原发癌10例，其中1例食管二处癌肿，贲门一处癌肿；6例食管、胃各一处癌肿；1例胃二处癌肿；2例结肠2－3处癌肿。异时多原发癌1例，先为胃窦癌，术后一年又患贲门癌。结论：诊断消化道多原发癌，病理组织学检查是根据，X线检查为首选的重要方法，内镜活检是必要的手段，两者联合应用检出率和诊断正确率最高。     

光动力学疗法治疗鲜红斑痣的护理体会

我们采用光动力学疗法治疗鲜红斑痣已８年，在实际工作中体会到，除治疗因素之外，治疗前的准备和治疗后的局部护理，也对疗效有直接影响。现将该疗法治疗鲜红斑痣护理中值得注意的问题介绍如下。一、一般护理１－治疗前应使患者及儿童患者的家属详细了解治疗后的反应及在不同反应阶段所应采取的护理措施和注意事项。２－治疗区准备　治疗区如有毛发应剃净，以免妨碍激光照射的均匀性，影响治疗效果；病变周边非治疗区，特别是鼻唇沟及肌肉交叉薄弱处应用胶布仔细贴盖，避免激光照射。３－光敏剂注射　必须先做皮试，阴性者方可用药。应选择…     

鼠移植胶质瘤手术加光敏治疗的实验研究

为探讨提高肿瘤手术疗效的方法，通过对昆明小鼠移植的传代Ｇ－４２２胶质瘤，进行手术切除加瘤床光动力学治疗的生存观察。实验研究证实：手术切除加瘤床光动力学治疗组的小鼠生存时间明显长于单纯手术切除组和带瘤自然生存组。说明Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光作实验光源的光动力学治疗能杀伤切除后残留术野的瘤细胞，导致术后复发率降低和生存期延长，为光动力学疗法用于脑胶质瘤手术的辅助治疗提供依据     

直肠癌癌旁粘膜上皮的细胞动力学观察

用￣３Ｈ－胸腺嘧啶核苷体外两次标记放射自显影法．对１５例直肠癌远端癌旁平坦型粘膜进行细胞动力学观察．结果表明癌旁４~５ｃｍ处粘膜上皮的细胞动力学参数与正常粘膜者没有显著差异，０~１ｃｍ、２~３ｃｍ处的粘膜上皮在光学显微镜下虽然没有出现形态学上的异型增生．但细胞动力学参数与４~５ｃｍ处癌旁粘膜上皮者有显著差异．     

光动力疗学法下调人口腔癌的促侵袭因子

背景与目的 头颈部鳞状细胞癌的重要特点是高侵袭性和转移性。以往研究已确定了促侵袭因子基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalloproteinases，MMPs）、血管内皮生长因子（vascularendothe-lialgrowthfactors，VEGF）及尿激酶溶酶原激活剂（urokinaseplasminogenacfivatrs，uPA）参与该过程。光动力学疗法（photodynamictherapy，PDT）是目前治疗早期癌瘤的新疗法。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.