An anatomical study on interventricular septum of postmortem hearts of adult Bangladeshi people

To study the thickness of interventricular septum (both muscular and membranous parts) of adult Bangladeshi people, fifty postmortem hearts were collected, fixed in 10% formol saline and examined. The thickness of both muscular and membranous parts of the septum was measured. Among fifty hearts, thirty-six were collected from male and fourteen from female cadavers. All hearts were collected from medicolegal cases. The findings were compared between male and female cadavers of our country as well as with the findings of the western countries. The findings suggest that in female, the thickness of both muscular and membranous parts of the septum was less than that of male though there was no significant difference statistically (P>0.05). The findings were compared with the findings of other workers and not so much variation was found. There was no available data regarding the thickness of the membranous part of the septum to compare.     

Morphological study of parathyroid in relation to thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people

The morphological study was done to see the number and location of parathyroid glands in relation to thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people to increase the knowledge regarding variational anatomy in our population. Sixty post mortem tissue block containing thyroid and parathyroids along with surrounding structures were collected from 48 male and 12 female cadavers of different age groups and fixed in 10% formol saline solution. Gross and fine dissections were carried out to study the topographic relationship and number of parathyroid glands in relation to thyroid gland. In the present study, findings were compared with the findings of Western and Bangladeshi researchers. In the present study, the so-called typical number of parathyroid glands that is 2 pairs per person (in relation to thyroid gland) was externally visible only in fifty percent (50%) of cases. According to this study, middle third of posterior border of thyroid gland lodged most of the glands (60-65%).     

An anatomical study on pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland in Bangladeshi people

The study was done to see the incidence of pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland including its position, attachment, length and incidence of its association with levator glandulae thyroidae in Bangladeshi population. Sixty postmortem tissue blocks containing thyroid gland and its related neighbouring structures were collected from 48 male and 12 female cadavers of different age groups and fixed in 10% formol-saline solution. Gross and fine dissection was carried out to study the incidence of presence of pyramidal lobe, its attachments, length, breadth and association with levator gladulae thyroidae. In the present study, findings were compared with those of Western and Bangladeshi researchers. It was evident that, fifty percent of the thyroids possesses pyramidal lobe. Incidence was more in male (52.1%) than in female (41.7%). It also appeared from the observations that, this lobe was commonly situated on the left side. In the majority of cases (56.66%), base of the pyramidal lobes were attached to the upper border of the isthmus with or without encroachment on the adjacent part of the left lobe. The range of length and breadth of the pyramidal lobe was from 1.8 to 35mm and 1.3 to 19mm respectively. In 73.33% cases, pyramidal lobe was associated with levator glandulae thyroideae and in only 26.66% cases pyramidal lobe was found independently.     

60例正常胎儿超声心动图的观测与分析

本文报告了应用M型,二维扇型及脉冲多普勒超声心动图,对60例孕期20周以上正常胎儿心脏的各腔室大小、室壁厚度及各瓣口血流峰值速度的检测结果,并进行了初步分析。     

豫医卷毛大鼠与SD大鼠血液学常规指标比较

目的:比较豫医卷毛大鼠与SD大鼠血液学常规指标.方法:豫医卷毛大鼠和SD大鼠各20只(雌雄各半),检测12项血液学常规指标.结果与结论:卷毛雌鼠血红蛋白含量低于SD雌鼠(P＜0.05),雌、雄卷毛大鼠之间红细胞计数、血小板计数及血小板体积分布宽度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).试验时卷毛大鼠雌雄鼠应分开统计.     

叶酸缺乏对孕鼠子代心脏中GATA-4表达的影响

目的：探讨叶酸缺乏孕鼠的子代心脏发育过程中GATA-4基因和蛋白的表达改变。方法：成熟雌性SD大鼠36只随机分为实验组和对照组各18只,分别喂以缺乏叶酸和添加叶酸的纯合饲料。两周后与成熟SD雄性大鼠交配。分别取孕13．5天（E13．5d）、孕17．5天（E17．5d）胚胎的心脏及新生鼠的心脏。用RT-PCR检测GATA-4基因mRNA的表达。Westem-blotting测GATA-4蛋白水平的表达。结果：GATA-4基因mRNA在E13．5d、E17．5d的胚胎心脏及新生鼠心脏中的表达量．实验组均显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。GATA-4蛋白在E13．5d、E17．5d的胚胎心脏及新生鼠心脏中的表达量,实验组均显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：叶酸的缺乏影响GATA-4基因和蛋白水平的表达。可能导致心脏发生发育中形态的改变。从而造成心脏的功能缺陷。     

老年骨质疏松性骨折主要部位的骨折阈值测定研究

目的　统计北京地区老年骨质疏松性骨折患者的骨密度(BMD)值,探讨国人骨质疏松性骨折危险阈值。方法　研究组选择50岁以上髋部、肩部、腕部骨折的男女病人共300名,对照组选择50岁以上腰部疾患男女患者共150名,以双能X线骨密度仪测定BMD,进行统计学处理,对研究组和对照组BMD值进行t检验;以受试者工作特性曲线(ROC曲线)对BMD进行分析得出骨折危险阈值。结果　BMD与年龄呈负相关。研究组L2 4的r值为-0 .267,股骨颈的r值为-0 .284,Ward三角的r值为-0. 368,大粗隆的r值为-0 .314(均P<0 .01);对照组股骨颈的r值为-0 .383,Ward三角的r值为-0 .476,大粗隆的r值为-0 .305(均P<0. 01);研究组与对照组相比,BMD值差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01);男性Ward三角的BMD诊断界定值为0 .732g/cm2,此时敏感度为91 0%,特异度为56 1%,漏诊率为9%,误诊率为43. 9%;女性Ward三角的BMD诊断界定值为0. 577g/cm2,此时敏感度为72. 6%,特异度为64 5%,漏诊率为27 .4%,误诊率为35 .5%。结论　以Ward三角处BMD测定作为男、女骨质疏松性骨折危险阈值更科学。     

Experimental study on the mechanism of sex difference in the risk of torsade de pointes

Torsadedepointes (TdP )isaformofpolymorphicventriculartachycardia (VT)accompaniedbyaprolongedQTinterval FemalesareathigherriskofdevelopingTdP ,especiallyinresponsetodrugsordiseasesthatcanprolongtheQTinterval 1 3　Thequestionofwhyfemalesareathigherriskhasarousedgreatinterest ExperimentsonthistopichavefocusedontheQTintervalaswomennaturallyhavealongerQTintervalthanmen 4 　Buttheresultsofpastexperimentshavebeeninconsistent,5,6 　andthemechanismsoffemalepredominanceinTdPremainunclear Itiskno…     

胎儿超声心动图的研究 Ⅲ.正常胎儿脉冲多普勒超声心动图

本文报告48例正常胎儿心脏二尖瓣口,三尖瓣口,主动脉根部和主肺动脉的(?)超多普勒频谱特点和峰值血流速度。     

Histomorphometric study of thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people

To study the histomorphological features of thyroid gland of Bangladeshi people in different age groups, thirty postmortem thyroid glands were collected and fixed in Bouin's fluid. For histological examination specimens were processed and stained following standard procedure and studied under low and high magnifications. Diameter of thyroid follicle and number of follicles per square millimeter were measured. Values were noted in a tabulated form and analyzed by SPSS program and findings were compared with the other studies of Western and Bangladeshi researchers and of standard textbooks. In this study it was observed that diameter of follicles were widely variable. The highest mean diameter of the follicles was found in 19 to 45 years age group and thyroids of this age group had fewer follicles per unit area of thyroid section than the two other groups. This difference was statistically significant with above 45 years age group (p=.001) and upto 18 years age group (p=.01) of the study. It was observed that all these findings of this geographical area were conformed to the findings of the other studies.     

和田地区维、汉族老年居民血清生化指标的测定

目的:探讨新疆和田地区不同民族同年龄段老年居民血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)等生化指标的差异。方法:对186例60～79岁维吾尔族(维族)和汉族老年人血清Ca、P、Mg、Fe等水平进行了测定,比较两民族间各生化指标的差异。结果:汉族血清Ca、P、Mg、Fe水平明显高于维族(P<0.01～0.001),两民族血清TRF、AKP水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);汉族女性血清Ca、P、Mg、Fe水平明显高于维族(P<0.05～0.001),汉族男性血清P、Fe水平明显高于维族,AKP水平明显低于维族(P<0.05～0.001);汉族女性血清P、Mg、AKP、TRF水平明显高于男性(P<0.05～0.001),维族男性血清Fe水平明显高于女性(P<0.05)。结论:新疆和田地区同年龄段维族和汉族老年居民血清Ca、P、Mg、Fe生化指标的差异可能和两民族居民不同生活习惯有关。     

118例婴幼儿复杂性肛瘘的临床特点及中医证型分布情况

目的 探讨婴幼儿复杂性肛瘘的临床特点及中医证型分布情况。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月1日到2023年1月1日在湖南中医药大学第二附属医院住院的118例复杂性肛瘘患儿的临床资料,分析其性别、年龄、瘘管、内外口及中医证型分布特点。结果 118例患儿中男115例（97.5%）,女3例（2.5%）,性别比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;好发于1岁以内;其中低位复杂性肛瘘93例（占78.8%）,高位复杂性肛瘘25例（占21.2%）;以2根瘘管为主（占76.3%）,其次为3根瘘管（占21.2%）和4根瘘管（占2.5%）;内外口数量关系中以外口=内口为主（占71.2%）,内外口多分布在3、9点位（截石位）;中医证型以湿热下注证为主（占58.5%）,其次为胎毒证（占23.7%）、脾虚湿蕴证（占17.8%）。结论 婴幼儿复杂性肛瘘好发于1岁以内男性患儿,多为2根瘘管的低位复杂性肛瘘,内外口多分布在3、9点位（截石位）,湿热下注证为主要中医证型。     

The cardiac pathology of sudden, unexplained nocturnal death in Southeast Asian refugees

Sudden death during sleep has occurred among previously healthy Southeast Asian male refugees, but routine autopsies have not determined the cause of death in any of these cases. We report the first systematic attempt to define the cardiac abnormalities associated with this syndrome. Among 18 hearts examined, 14 showed slight to significant cardiomegaly, characteristic of increased cardiac work load. The reasons for the cardiomegaly remain unexplained. Conduction system anomalies were present in all but one heart. These included persistent fetal dispersion of the atrioventricular node and/or bundle of His, present in 14 hearts; accessory conduction fiber connections, found in 13 cases; and congenital heart block, observed in one case. These abnormalities were associated with variations in the structure of the cardiac base, suggesting a common aberrant developmental process. Although the functional significance of these findings has not been established, the conduction system anomalies may be the substrate for sleep-related cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death.     

不典型心绞痛的诊断再探讨

目的：研究心电图运动负荷试验对不典型心绞痛的诊断价值。方法：选择150例不典型心绞痛患者进行心电图运动负荷试验及冠脉造影，将其结果对照。结果：心电图运动负荷试验诊断不典型心绞痛患者冠心病的敏感性72．23％（24／33），特异性67．52％（79／117），男性患者假阳性率25．45％（14／55），女性患者假阳性率38．71％（24／62）。结论：心电图运动负荷试验是目前诊断冠心病较理想的无创检查方法，对于不典型心绞痛患者假阳率女性明显高于男性。     

雌、雄大鼠去势对HPA轴分泌功能影响的比较

目的 观察去势手术后雌、雄大鼠在低性激素状态下下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺（HPA）轴功能的变化,证实性激素可对HPA轴的功能产生影响,并分析这种影响是否存在性别差异和时长效应。方法 选用SPF级8周龄SD大鼠80只（雌雄各半）,体重180～220g,采用完全随机设计法,利用随机数字表将其分为雄性模型组、雄性对照组、雌性模型组、雌性对照组,每组20只大鼠,适应性饲养一周后行去势手术,于造模后第3周及第13周心尖取血,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质酮（CORT）含量并进行统计分析。结果 经检测造模第3周雄性模型组大鼠血清CRH、CORT含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01）,血清ACTH含量低于对照组（P<0.05）;雌性模型组大鼠血清CRH、CORT含量均低于对照组（P<0.05）,血清ACTH含量有下降趋势。造模第13周,雄性模型组大鼠血清CORT含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01）,其他激素含量变化不明显;雌性模型组大鼠血清CORT含量低于对照组(P<0.05),其他激素含量变化不明显。雌、雄模型组大鼠造模后第13周与第3周组内相比CRH、ACTH、CORT的含量均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 无论雌、雄,去势均可造成大鼠HPA轴功能的紊乱,表现为外周血CRH、ACTH、CORT水平下降,雄激素对雄鼠HPA轴的影响要大于雌激素对雌鼠的影响。推测雄激素可能更加有利于上述三种激素的产生。当雌、雄大鼠处于稳定的低性激素状态,其HPA轴分泌功能不随着大鼠周龄的增长而发生改变。     

广西丁型肝炎病毒感染的血清学调查

应用酶联免疫试验(ELISA)对广西7个地区1086例HBV感染者的血清检测了抗-HD,共发现74例阳性,阳性率为6.81%,其中男性阳性率为7.52%,女性阳性率为5.00%,男女间差异无显著意义(P>0.1).年龄以50岁以上多见(P<0.05).各型肝炎中,慢性活动性肝炎、慢性迁延性肝炎的抗-HD阳性率显著高于HBsAg携带者(P<0.01).另外检测231例血清中的HDAg,阳性10例,阳性率为4.33%.以上表明广西各地区均有不同程度的丁型肝炎病毒感染.