A Multimodal, Second Generation, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Rehabilitation Program

Second Generation posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment programs were recently proposed as one component of a model of treatment of chronic PTSD. While First Generation PTSD programs emphasized trauma work, Second Generation programs emphasize skills for the present/future ability to adapt within society. The present paper describes a functioning Second Generation PTSD treatment program for Vietnam combat veterans. The guiding principles underlying this multimodal and vocational rehabilitation program are outlined.     

Rehabilitation in an Individual with Chronic Arsenic Poisoning: Medical,Psychological, and Social Implications

Abstract

Although arsenic poisoning was a common cause of homicide in the past, it is seldom suspected today; thus there may be serious delays in diagnosis and treatment of arsenic ingestion. Rehabilitation specialists have traditionally dealt with the debilitating consequences of the classic arsenic-induced sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy; however, a knowledge of the presentation of acute toxicity combined with the effects of chronic exposure is essential for proper treatment, particularly in the event of ongoing exposure. This case report demonstrates the wide spectrum of medical complications associated with arsenic poisoning and briefly reviews its pathophysiology and treatment from both the medical and psychosocial perspective.     

Rehabilitation of young adults during renal replacement therapy in Europe. 2. Schooling, employment, and social situation.

The educational status, employment rate and social situation were studied in 617 patients between 21 and 35 years of age who started renal replacement therapy (RRT) as children. The data were derived from a special questionnaire concerning disability and rehabilitation sent to dialysis and transplant centres reporting to the EDTA Registry. Fifty-six percent of patients completed secondary school and one in three went on to vocational training. Eleven percent of patients attended university, and 16% were reported to have gone to a special school for the handicapped. Up to one-third of patients who attended different school types failed to complete their education. There were notable geographical differences in schooling and in employment. Fifty-six percent of all patients were employed. Lack of schooling was considered to be a major reason for unemployment. Sixty-one percent of patients with disabilities and 34% without disabilities were receiving invalidity payments. The place of residence of these patients aged 21-35 was usually the parental home. Compared to the general population of similar age, only a few patients were married (13.5% of the total study group) and 8% had children. In summary, the present report shows that the major factors influencing rehabilitation on RRT are the presence of disabilities, the method of treatment, geographical factors, duration of RRT, and the underlying primary renal disease.     

Tibial Bone Geometry in Chronic Stroke Patients: Influence of Sex,Cardiovascular Health,and Muscle Mass

This study aimed to examine the geometry of the tibia in chronic stroke survivors. Fifty‐five ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke were included in the study. pQCT was used to obtain a cross‐sectional scan of the tibia at the 30% site on both the paretic and nonparetic sides. Leg lean mass was derived from a total body scan using DXA. Each subject was also evaluated for peak oxygen consumption rate, spasticity, and functional mobility. Paired t‐tests were used to compare the pQCT parameters between the two sides. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the significant determinants of tibial bone strength index (BSI). In men, marrow cavity area on the paretic side was significantly greater than the nonparetic side (p = 0.011), whereas the total bone area showed no significant side‐to‐side difference (p = 0.252). In women, total bone area on the paretic side was significantly smaller than the nonparetic side (p = 0.003), whereas the marrow cavity area had no side‐to‐side difference (p = 0.367). Peak oxygen consumption (r² = 0.739, F_5,49 = 22.693, p < 0.001) and paretic leg lean mass (r² = 0.802, F_6,48 = 32.475, p < 0.001) remained independently associated with tibial BSI, after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, years since stroke onset, and physical activity level. The geometry of the tibia in stroke patients showed sex‐specific side‐to‐side differences. The results suggested that, whereas endosteal resorption was apparent in men, periosteal resorption was more predominant in women. The results also highlight the potential importance of promoting cardiovascular health and leg muscle mass in enhancing bone geometry in chronic stroke survivors.     

移动医疗用于脑卒中患者居家康复的范围综述

目的 对移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的研究进行范围审查，识别移动医疗的要素及应用效果，为未来脑卒中患者居家康复的实践提供参考。方法 以范围综述指南为方法学框架，检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库中移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的相关研究。检索时限为建库至2023年3月20日。对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果 共纳入18篇文献，包含13篇随机对照试验和5篇类实验研究。移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的类型主要有应用程序、可穿戴设备、远程康复系统、网络信息化平台及社交媒体；居家康复内容涉及运动功能康复、语言功能康复、吞咽功能康复及心理康复；结局指标包括康复效果指标、生活质量、自我管理及患者体验。结论 移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中的应用可行，且具有积极效果。未来应探索合适的脑卒中患者居家康复服务规范，在多学科团队协作的基础上，开发出具有专业性及普适性的移动医疗设备，提升移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的质量。     

移动医疗用于脑卒中患者居家康复的范围综述

目的 对移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的研究进行范围审查，识别移动医疗的要素及应用效果，为未来脑卒中患者居家康复的实践提供参考。 方法 以范围综述指南为方法学框架，检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库中移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的相关研究。检索时限为建库至2023年3月20日。对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。 结果 共纳入18篇文献，包含13篇随机对照试验和5篇类实验研究。移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的类型主要有应用程序、可穿戴设备、远程康复系统、网络信息化平台及社交媒体；居家康复内容涉及运动功能康复、语言功能康复、吞咽功能康复及心理康复；结局指标包括康复效果指标、生活质量、自我管理及患者体验。 结论 移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中的应用可行，且具有积极效果。未来应探索合适的脑卒中患者居家康复服务规范，在多学科团队协作的基础上，开发出具有专业性及普适性的移动医疗设备，提升移动医疗在脑卒中患者居家康复中应用的质量。     

Rehabilitation of long-term defunctionalized bladder for renal transplantation

Some kidney transplant candidates have urinary diversion due to lower urinary tract dysfunction. Careful assessment of the native defunctionalized bladder before kidney transplantation may reveal a usable bladder in a substantial number of these patients. However, most of these bladders need some kind of rehabilitation. An assessment of the continence mechanism is also crucial. We report on successful kidney transplantation into a native bladder, defunctionalized for 9 years, after it had been carefully evaluated and rehabilitated. Received: 27 February 1998 Received after revision: 9 June 1998 Accepted: 24 June 1998     

High-intensity interval training can improve hand grip strength,inspiratory muscle,and quality of life in systemic sclerosis subjects

IntroductionSystemic sclerosis/scleroderma (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease with connective tissue, multi-organ, and multisystem involvement. The disease has three main characteristics, namely vasculopathy, fibrosis, and autoimmunity. The effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in aerobic exercise on other rheumatic diseases has been studied, for example in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The purpose of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of HIIT of aerobics exercise on improving the inspiratory muscle, quality of life and functional ability for systemic sclerosis subjects.Material and methodsThe study was conducted on patients with confirmed systemic sclerosis who met the inclusion criteria. The research was carried out for 12 months in the outpatient clinic and gait laboratory of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.ResultsAfter HIIT in aerobic exercise, we found significant changes in inspiratory muscle (SNIP values 45.67 [30.92] vs. 54.25 [22.71]), handgrip (13.14 [4.42] vs. 15.63 [4.08]), walking speed (184.70 [26.86] vs. 246.6 [12.30]), metabolic equivalent (3.53 [0.30] vs. 4.21 [1.25]) and Scleroderma-Specific Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index for all visual analog scale (VAS) domains except Disability Index. Exercise approaches are characterized by repeated cycles of exercise interrupted by rest. For a range of clinical conditions, HIIT in aerobic exercise is known to remedy blood vessel function.ConclusionsOur results suggest that HIIT in aerobic exercise has improved functional ability, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in SSc subjects. Training twice a week in a 12-week HIIT program is considered to be safe for this population. We have to consider internal and external factors that influenced the result. A larger sample and further exploration of the feasibility of combined exercise in SSc patients should be the focus for future research.     

Renal rehabilitation: Effecting improvement through the team approach

Summary: Renal rehabilitation involves a team effort. Assessment is critical to provide a comprehensive treatment plan. the treatment plan should include the five 'E's'of renal rehabilitation.     

Effectiveness of video-based rehabilitation program on pain,functionality, and quality of life in the treatment of rotator cuff tears: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundVideo-based rehabilitation programs, which are also used in the treatment of neurological disorders, could be a beneficial treatment option for patients who cannot receive treatment.PurposeTo determine the efficacy of video-based rehabilitation program in the conservative treatment of partial rotator cuff tears in comparison to a physiotherapist-supervised rehabilitation program.Study DesignA randomized controlled clinical trial.MethodsThirty-three voluntary patients with partial rotator cuff tear were randomized into two groups: video-based rehabilitation (VBR) group and physiotherapist-supervised rehabilitation (PSR) group, for a common 6 weeks rehabilitation program. After drop outs, thirty participants (mean ± SD age, 50.60 ± 8.54 years; 10 female) were finally completed the trial. Active shoulder range of motion, pain, functional status, and health-related quality of life of the patients were assessed before and after treatment. Also, treatment satisfaction level was assessed at the end of the treatment.ResultsThere was statistically significant improvement in terms of active shoulder range of motion values (mean differences at 95% confidence interval for abduction: 30.75-51.37 in the VBR group, 34.20-54.45 in the PSR group, P = .001 in both groups) and secondary outcome measures within both groups (P < .05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in terms of all outcome measures between groups (P > .05). The level of satisfaction from treatment in the PSR group was higher than that in the VBR group.ConclusionA video-based rehabilitation program is an effective option in terms of shoulder range of motion, pain, functionality, and quality of life and has a comparable success level with a PSR program in the conservative treatment of partial rotator cuff tears.     

急性心肌梗死主动脉球囊反搏治疗患者的早期心脏康复

目的 探讨早期心脏康复方案在经主动脉球囊反搏辅助循环治疗急性心肌梗死患者的应用效果。方法选择100例经主动脉球囊反搏辅助治疗的急性心肌梗死患者,随机分成对照组和干预组各50例。对照组给予常规康复训练,干预组在此基础上给予早期心脏康复训练,康复训练内容包括呼吸锻炼、肺部体疗、主动和被动肌力训练,营养支持及心理干预等。结果干预后,干预组血栓栓塞发生率以及疼痛、焦虑及抑郁程度显著低于对照组,日常生活能力评分、左心室射血分数显著优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论早期心脏康复方案的实施,可促进经主动脉球囊反搏辅助治疗的急性心肌梗死患者康复,减轻焦虑抑郁情绪,提高生活质量。     

An integrated approach to intestinal failure: Results of a new program with total parenteral nutrition, bowel rehabilitation, and transplantation

Intestinal failure can be treated with bowel rehabilitation, total parenteral nutrition, or intestinal transplantation. Little has been done to integrate these therapies for patients with intestinal insufficiency or failure and to develop an algorithm for appropriate use and timing. We established a multidisciplinary program using bowel rehabilitation, total parenteral nutrition, or intestinal transplantation as appropriate in a large population. Evaluation included clinical, pathlogic, and psychosocial assessments and assignment to therapy based on the results of this evaluation. Of 59 patients evaluated for life-threatening complications of intestinal failure, 68% were considered appropriate candidates for transplantation, 10% were managed with rehabilitation, and 17% were maintained on optimized long-term parenteral nutrition. Nineteen transplants were performed, with 78% patient survival and 66% graft survival. Patient survival among isolated intestine recipients was 90%. All patients managed with rehabilitation were weaned from parenteral nutrition within 6 months. Long-term management with parenteral nutrition resulted in a significant number of deaths both among patients waiting for a transplant and those who were poor candidates for transplant. Intestinal rehabilitation, when successful, is optimal. For patients with irreversible intestinal failure, isolated intestinal transplantation holds particular promise. Parenteral nutrition is plagued by high failure rates among this population of debilitated patients compared with the general parenteral nutrition population. Integration of these therapies, with individualization of care based on a multidisciplinary approach and perhaps with earlier isolated intestinal transplantation for patients with irreversible intestinal failure, should optimize survival. Presented in part at the Forty-First Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, San Diego, California, May 21–24, 2000 (oral presentation).     

心脏康复障碍量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的 汉化心脏康复障碍量表并检验信效度。方法 根据Brislin翻译模型对心脏康复障碍量表进行翻译、文化调适和修订,并对260例心脏疾病患者进行调查,验证中文版心脏康复障碍量表的信效度。结果 中文版心脏康复障碍量表21个条目的临界比率值(CR)为3.120～8.251,高、低分组患者之间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。各维度与条目间相关系数0.504～0.866,各维度间相关系数0.405～0.768。量表总体Cronbach′s α系数0.920,4个维度Cronbach′s α系数为0.816～0.911;总量表重测信度为0.869,I-CVI为0.811～1.000,S-CVI/UA为0.841,S-CVI/Ave为0.940。共提取4个公因子,累计方差贡献率为64.701%。结论 中文版心脏康复障碍量表具有较好的信效度,可为心脏疾病患者康复护理方案制订和评估提供参考。     

宁夏10所医院临床护士心脏康复知信行现状调查

目的 调查宁夏地区临床护士心脏康复知信行现状并分析其影响因素,为培养心脏康复护理专科人才提供参考.方法 采用便利抽样法选取宁夏地区5个市10所医院心脏内外科护士 269名,采用 自设临床护士心脏康复知信行问卷进行调查.结果 宁夏地区临床护士心脏康复知信行总得分为(156.99 ±18.13)分,总得分率为73.36％;...     

A Home-Based,Remote-Clinician-Controlled,Physical Therapy Device Leads to Superior Outcomes When Compared to Standard Physical Therapy for Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundThe optimal postoperative rehabilitation regimen following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is not clearly defined. The advent of telerehabilitation offers potential for increased patient convenience and decreased cost, while maintaining similar outcomes to traditional physical therapy (PT). Therefore, we evaluated a novel, home-based, clinician-controlled, multi-modal evaluation and therapy device with telerehabilitation functionality for TKA.MethodsA total of 135 consecutive TKA patients receiving standard therapy protocol (STP) were compared to 135 consecutive patients receiving a home-based clinician-controlled therapy system (HCTS). Outcomes were assessed at 2, 6, and 12 weeks, including visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score JR (KOOS JR), and knee range of motion (ROM) measured by the same certified physical therapists.ResultsPostoperative knee ROM was greater in the HCTS group at all time points throughout the study period (P < .001 at 2, 6, and 12 weeks). VAS and the KOOS JR functional scores were statistically better (P < .001) in the HCTS group at all time points and exceeded the threshold for minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for both VAS and KOOS JR. There were significantly fewer cases of arthrofibrosis requiring manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) in the HCTS group (1.48 versus 4.44%).ConclusionFollowing TKA, a novel, home-based, clinician-controlled, multi-modal therapy device was superior to standard PTduring the first 12 weeks postoperatively for ROM, KOOS JR, and VAS (with all scores exceeding the MCID) and had substantially fewer manipulations for arthrofibrosis.     

25-Hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and functional recovery after hip fracture in elderly patients

There is increasing interest in the effects of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on extraskeletal tissues, including the muscle. These effects may explain impairment in functional ability found in vitamin D-deficient subjects. Our aim was to investigate the roles of vitamin D and PTH in affecting the ability to perform activities of daily living after hip fracture. We studied 456 of 521 hip-fracture patients admitted consecutively to a rehabilitation hospital. Functional outcome was assessed after acute inpatient rehabilitation by using the Barthel index score. The functional scores were significantly correlated with serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (ρ = 0.190; P < 0.001) and PTH (ρ = −0.164; P < 0.001) and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio (ρ = 0.261; P < 0.001). At multiple regression, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH levels were independently associated with Barthel index scores. The correlation between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio and Barthel index scores was significantly stronger than the one between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Barthel index scores (difference between the two correlation coefficients = 0.071; 95% CI = 0.009–0.133; P = 0.011). The significant association between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio and the Barthel index scores persisted after adjustment for 12 prognostic factors (P = 0.012). On the whole, the panel of prognostic factors we studied predicted 50.1% of the variance of the functional score. Data shows that PTH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly associated with the ability to function after hip fracture and suggest that the two hormones act through independent mechanisms. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio significantly contributed to a predictive model of functional outcome.