颌面部骨折1264例临床回顾分析

目的:探讨和总结颌面部骨折的临床特点和治疗方法。方法:对我院2012年6月—2017年6月收治的1264例颌面部骨折住院病例进行回顾分析,包括年龄、性别、致伤原因、损伤部位、全身损伤及治疗方法。结果:男942例（74.53%）,女322例（25.47%）;20~50岁（59.10%）为好发年龄段;意外摔伤965例（76.35%）;276例(21.84%)伴全身损伤,颅脑损伤120例（37.62%）;1107例（87.58%）采用坚固内固定。结论:颌面部骨折中男性占大多数,意外摔伤是最主要的原因。颅脑损伤是最常见的并发症,开放复位内固定术是目前最主要的治疗方法:。     

3050例颌面部损伤临床分析

目的：分析3050例颌面部损伤的临床表现及治疗效果,为颌面部损伤综合治疗方案的确定提供数据资料。方法选择因颌面部损伤住院的3050例患者的临床资料进行回顾,分析患者的性别、年龄、损伤原因、职业、地域分布、血型、骨折部位、合并伤、首诊收入科室及治疗效果等因素。结果3050例颌面部损伤患者中,男女比例为3.9∶1;20～40岁（1711例,56.1%）为发病的高峰年龄;交通事故伤（1055例,34.6%）在致伤原因中居首位;颧骨复合体（707例,23.2%）、鼻眶筛骨（650例,21.3%）、下颌骨（540例,17.7%）在颌面部骨折中居前三位。颌面部损伤常合并颅脑损伤（1321例,43.3%）及面部软组织挫裂伤（1275例,41.8%）。2632例骨折患者中,首诊收入科室包括口腔科（67.3%）、骨科（11.6%）及脑外科（8.4%）。所有患者的简明损伤评分（abbrebiated injury scale,AIS）平均得分为2.3分,介于中度与较重度之间。手术治疗1694例（55.5%）,保守治疗1356例（44.5%）。结论颌面部损伤患者中以男性为主,以青壮年比例最高;交通事故伤为主要致伤原因;颧骨复合体、鼻眶筛骨及下颌骨最容易发生骨折;颌面部损伤常合并颅脑、胸腹腔、四肢等其他重要部位损伤;颌面部损伤的治疗效果总体满意。     

885例颌面部损伤回顾分析

目的:回顾分析深圳特区885例颌面部损伤的临床流行病学特点。方法:对深圳市龙岗中心医院口腔科1998年1月-2002年6月间收治的885名颌面部损伤患者的病历资料进行临床流行病学回顾性研究。结果:颌面损伤患者人数占本科住院总人数的76.6％,男女比例为3.5:1,21-30岁为发病高峰年龄段,机动车事故在致伤原因中居首位,占52.09％。颌面部损伤以单纯软组织损伤最为多见,占68.93％;颌面部骨折以下颌骨骨折最多见,占面部骨折总数的17.85％,其次是颧骨和上颌骨骨折。颅脑损伤和四肢损伤是颌面损伤的常见合并伤。结论:男性青年为颌面损伤高发人群,机动车是主要致伤原因,软组织伤最多见,下颌骨为骨折多发部位,颅脑伤为常见合并伤。     

儿童口腔颌面部外伤1090例临床分析

目的 分析13岁以下儿童口腔颌面部外伤的发生规律和临床特点。方法 通过回顾2019年1月至2020年12月因颌面部外伤就诊于我院口腔科急诊且病历完整的13岁以下患儿资料,分析儿童颌面部外伤的好发年龄、性别,及不同年龄段患儿颌面部损伤的原因及外伤部位,总结儿童口腔颌面部外伤的发病规律。结果 符合纳入标准的患儿共1090例,颌面部外伤发生高峰年龄段为1～2岁,占全部患儿总数的24.59%,2岁以后发生率随年龄增加而逐渐降低。各年龄组中,男童病例总数均高于女童,患儿男女比1.87:1。意外摔倒是儿童颌面部外伤的最主要原因,在不同年龄组中占比分别为93.07%、75.49%和57.86%,但随着年龄增长交通事故、高处坠落和利器伤明显增加。颌面部外伤最常发生在下唇,在不同年龄组中占比分别为37.61%、33.20%和33.96%,舌咬伤和唇系带外伤发生率随年龄增长而下降,而上唇外伤、牙外伤发生率随年龄增长上升。大部分颌面部外伤仅涉及软组织,骨折发生率较低,但随年龄增长骨折发生率上升明显。结论 儿童口腔颌面部外伤多发生在婴幼儿时期,最常发生在下唇,主要与摔倒有关,随年龄增长交通事故、高处坠落及锐器...     

2013—2017年武汉市1953例口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变构成比分析

目的　分析2013—2017年武汉市口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变发病情况,从而为临床诊断与治疗提供重要参考依据。方法　研究资料来源于2013—2017年武汉市2所医院收治的住院病例,经病理检查诊断为口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿或瘤样病变1953例,分别按性别、年龄、发病部位进行划分并分析结果。结果       1953例患者中口腔颌面部良性肿瘤占51.87%、恶性肿瘤占19.05%、囊肿占23.30%、瘤样病变占5.78%。口腔颌面部肿瘤患者的男女构成比（分别为49.02%和50.98%）基本无差异,其中以涎腺肿瘤居高（41.44%）,且肿瘤多为良性（73.14%）。口腔颌面部囊肿男性构成比（54.73%）高于女性（45.27%）,其中以颌骨囊肿居高（41.54%）。口腔颌面部瘤样病变女性构成比（57.53%）高于男性（42.47%）,其中以牙龈瘤居高（69.91%）。年龄分布上总体在20 ~ <30岁年龄段构成比居高（18.64%）,≥70岁构成比较低（3.02%）。病变部位以口腔部位（26.83%）为主,其中口腔颌面部肿瘤、瘤样病变均多发于口腔,而囊肿多发于涎腺。结论    武汉市口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变以肿瘤最为常见,且以良性为主,不同性别间囊肿与瘤样病变存在差异性,口腔作为好发部位,临床应密切关注,及时采取防治措施以控制疾病发生。     

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤6539例临床病理分析

目的:探讨口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的发病情况及各类肿瘤的构成比。方法:对1953~2000年在华西医科大学口腔医院住院的经病理确诊的6539例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:患者平均年龄 4817岁;男女之比为2131B1;口腔、颌骨、涎腺分列口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤原发部位前3位;从组织来源分析,上皮源性肿瘤最多,有5869例(89175%),其次为淋巴造血系统肿瘤和间叶源性肿瘤等。从病理分型看,鳞状细胞癌4177 例(63188%),病例数较多者还有恶性淋巴瘤、粘液表皮样癌等。结论:口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤发病有增加的趋势,发病平均年龄有升高,男女比例逐渐下降,上皮源性肿瘤和鳞状细胞癌分列不同组织来源和病理类型肿瘤的首位。     

1131例口腔颌面部骨折临床分析

目的：对121腔颌面部骨折患者进行临床流行病学总结分析。方法：对武汉大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科2000--2009年收治的1131例口腔颌面部骨折患者的病历资料进行统计和分析．采用SPSS16．0软件包对骨折原因进行多因素风险分析。结果：口腔颌面部骨折患者男女比例为3．52：1．19～29岁组为好发年龄段（30．7％）：无业患者人数最多（21．4％）,交通事故伤占52．6％。口腔颌面部骨折患者中．869例发生下颌骨骨折（76．8％）,452例发生面中份骨折（40．0％）。伴发伤以眼损伤最为多见（18．5％）,其次是四肢骨折（9．2％）。Logistic多因素回归分析表明,高处跌落导致下颌骨骨折的相对危险度最高（OR=3．119,P=O．009）,低龄患者更容易发生下颌骨骨折（OR=1．021,P〈O．001）;机动车事故伤（OR=2．896,P〈O．001）是面中份骨折的高危因素．而男性较女性易发面中份骨折（OR：1．431．P=O．025）,患者年龄越大,发生面中份骨折的风险增加（OR=0．980,P〈O．001）。结论：15I腔颌面部骨折发生与患者年龄、性别以及发病原因有关。     

交通伤颌面骨折临床病例回顾性研究

本文对西安第四军医大学口腔医院１０年间５８１名交通事故颌面骨折住院患者进行了临床流行病学回顾性研究。男女发病人数比例为４．３∶１，发病年龄高峰为２０～３０岁，交通事故是颌面骨折的首要原因，占４７．４３％。颌面部交通伤以多发性骨折为主，人均骨折部位１．９处。下颌骨最易发生骨折，其次是颧骨和上颌骨。在致伤原因中，交通伤颌面骨折严重程度最大，且合并其他部位损伤最多，颅脑合并伤的发生率为４８．５％，居于首位。     

0～6岁儿童口腔颌面部外伤472例临床分析

目的了解0～6岁儿童口腔颌面部外伤的特点,为预防口腔颌面部外伤提供参考。方法对2009～2010年在我院口腔科因口腔颌面外伤就诊的472例患者按照年龄、性别、外伤原因、外伤部位、外伤类型以及治疗方法进行回顾性分析。结果 0～6岁儿童口腔颌面部外伤发生率男女比例为1.55:1;1～3岁组外伤发生率高于0～1岁组和3～6岁组;跌倒是造成外伤的主要原因;外伤最易出现部位为唇部。结论掌握儿童口腔颌面部外伤的特点,采取有效的预防措施,可以减少口腔颌面部外伤的发生。     

严重颌面部外伤救治体会(附49例报道)

颌面部是人体暴露部位 ,易引起外伤 ,严重的颌面部损伤 ,常伴有其他器官的损伤 ,抢救时必须迅速而及时地判断伤者的伤情 ,及时有效的抢救患者的生命 ,是外伤早期处理时最重要的目的 ,可以大大降低死亡率[1] 。现将 49例报告如下。1　临床资料　　男性 3 2例 ,女性 1 7例 ,年龄 6～ 5 8岁 ,平均年龄 3 0岁。致伤原因 :车祸 3 2例 ,摔伤 3例 ,打伤 6例 ,炸伤 2例 ,刀斧伤 5例 ,电锯伤 1例。开放性骨折 45例 ,闭合性骨折 4例。上颌骨骨折 1 7例 ,颧骨骨折 1 2例 ,鼻骨骨折 1 5例 ,髁状突骨折 8例 ,颅底骨折 9例。两处以上骨折 3 6例 ,3处以上骨…     

颌面部创伤356例的临床分析

目的:回顾分析356例颌面部创伤患者的临床资料,探讨口腔颌面部创伤好发人群、受伤原因、骨折部位及合并症等临床流行病学特点。方法:对356例口腔颌面部创伤患者的临床资料进行流行病学调查分析。结果:男女患者比例为3.75∶1;21～40岁组为高发年龄段(58.5%);交通事故为最常见受伤原因(52.5%);下颌骨骨折发生率最高(68.5%),其次是颧骨颧弓骨折(15.8%);颅脑损伤是最常见的合并伤。结论:交通事故伤呈上升趋势,颅脑损伤为最严重的并发症,危及生命,应及时救治。     

548例颌面创伤患者的回顾性分析

目的：通过回顾分析本院颌面创伤住院患者的临床资料，了解西安地区颌面创伤病例的构成、发病特点和临床流行病学现状。方法：对第四军医大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科2003年7月～2006年6月3年间548例口腔颌面创伤患者的年龄、性别、时间、致伤原因、骨折特点、好发部位、神经损伤以及合并损伤等方面进行流行病学调查分析，采用SPSS10．12软件录入、分析所有数据。结果：颌面创伤患者占本院同期住院患者的22％，男女比例为3．9：1，21～40岁为发病高峰年龄。颌面创伤患者以7月份最多，2月份最少。交通事故在致伤原因中占50．91％，居于首位。颌面损伤以多发性骨折为主，人均骨折部位数为2．3处。在颌面骨骼中，下颌骨骨折最常见，其次是上颌骨和颧弓。在颌面部神经中，眶下神经和面神经损伤最常见。颅脑伤、四肢伤和眼损伤是颌面骨折最常见的合并伤。结论：近年来颌面创伤发病率逐年上升，且伤度加重、伤情复杂，交通事故伤呈上升趋势，创伤患者有年轻化趋势，男女比率有一定下降。     

农村儿童口腔颌面创伤926例临床分析

目的：探讨农村儿童口腔颌面创伤的发病特点。方法：对926名农村儿童口腔颌面创伤患者的性别、年龄、致伤原因以及创伤的类型、部位、时间进行临床分析。结果：男性患者与女性患者的比例为1．48：1；4岁以下年龄组患者人数所占比例明显高于4岁以上年龄组；摔伤在所有致伤原因中的比例达67．82％；软组织创伤和和牙外伤在所有创伤类型中的比例分别达到61．45％和30．65％；816个软组织创伤部位中唇颏部和颊面部分别达到30．39％和22．79％；夏季创伤的发病比例高于其他季节。结论：农村儿童口腔颌面创伤的发生与性别、年龄、季节有一定关系，摔伤是主要的致伤原因；软组织创伤和牙外伤较为常见；创伤多见于唇、颏和颊部。     

Patterns of maxillofacial injuries caused by terrorist attacks in Iraq: retrospective study

Over the past 5 years, Iraq has witnessed daily terrorist attacks mainly using improvised explosive devices. The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of maxillofacial injuries caused by terrorist attacks in a sample of Iraqi casualties. Records from two hospitals, including 551 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries due to terrorists attacks, were analyzed according to the patients’ age, sex, site of injury, type of injury and cause of injury. Concomitant injuries and mortality were also considered. The most common age group affected was those aged 15-29 years. Most of these injuries were caused by improvised explosive devices (71%). More than one facial zone was injured in 212 patients (38%). Isolated soft tissues injuries were detected in (54%) of victims. Pure maxillofacial injuries comprised 33%. The most common injuries associated with this type of trauma were eye injuries (29%). The mortality rate was 2% from pure maxillofacial injuries. Terrorist attacks cause unique maxillofacial injuries, which should be considered a new entity in the trauma field.     

西藏地区588例颌面部创伤的临床分析

目的:回顾性分析西藏地区颌面部损伤的临床流行病学特点.方法:对西藏军区总医院口腔科2001-06-2010-06间收治的588名颌面部创伤患者的病历资料进行回顾性研究.结果:颌面部损伤患者人数占本科住院总人数的26.4％,男女比例为4.8∶1,21～50岁为发病高峰年龄段,5～10月份为高发期.交通事故在致伤原因中居首...     

Maxillofacial Injuries in Children: A 10 year Retrospective Study

Objectives

Fractures of facial bones in children are relatively uncommon although both children and adults are subjected to similar types of injuries. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of facial bone fractures among children under 14 years, their management and outcome.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included maxillofacial injuries treated in 112 children under 14 years admitted due to maxillofacial injuries during the period from 2001 to 2011.

Results

Of them ten (8.93 %) were below 5 years, 44 (39.29 %) between 6 and 10 years and 58 (51.78 %) between 11 and 14 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Fall from a height was the most common etiology. The most common jaw involved in the fracture was the mandible. Conservative management was done in 83.04 % of cases and open reduction and internal fixation was performed in 16.96 % of cases. Five (4.46 %) cases accounted for post-operative wound infection.

Conclusion

Fracture of the mandible is the most common maxillofacial injury in children, most often caused by fall from a height. The osteogenic potential of the mandible in children leads to conservative management of these fractures. Opportunities for prevention of maxillofacial trauma should be taken into consideration by parents and care takers.     

Maxillofacial trauma due to work-related accidents

Even though numerous reports on maxillofacial trauma exist, only a few give detailed information about work-related maxillofacial injuries. The purpose of this study was to reveal the significance of maxillofacial injuries related to accidents occurring at work by evaluating a large number of patients with maxillofacial injuries over a 9-year period. Out of the 8704 trauma patients treated between 1991 and 1999 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University of Innsbruck, Austria, 463 (5.4%) were injured at work. All charts were reviewed and analyzed according to age, gender, cause of accident, occupation, type of injury, location and frequency of fractures. The highest incidence of maxillofacial injury was found among construction workers (a total of 124 patients, 26.8%), followed by craftsmen (102 patients, 22.0%) and office employees (69 patients, 14.9%). The sex distribution showed an overall male-to-female ratio of 11.8:1 and those in the age group most affected were between 20 and 29 years of age. The most frequent cause of injury was a blow in 48.4%, followed by falls and falls over obstacles, accounting for 27.9% and 7.1%, respectively. Of all trauma, 45.4% (210 persons) sustained 423 maxillofacial fractures, 31.7% (147 patients) suffered 232 dento-alveolar injuries, and 21.2% (98 people) showed 430 soft-tissue injuries. One-fifth (20.7%) of all patients displayed concomitant injuries with cerebral and cranial trauma being the most common. The probability of sustaining maxillofacial trauma at work is correlated to the nature of the occupation. Individuals (mostly men) using tools or machines at work are exposed to a much higher risk of work-related maxillofacial trauma.     

Maxillofacial trauma in major trauma patients

BACKGROUND: Trauma has been identified as a major public health problem in Australia. Maxillofacial trauma constitutes a significant proportion of trauma, although epidemiological studies in Australia are few. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and the epidemiological pattern of maxillofacial trauma occurring in major trauma patients. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Victorian State Trauma Registry, which included all major trauma patients in Victoria. All data relating to maxillofacial trauma defined according to Abbreviated Injury Scale and International Classification of Diseases codes from 1 July 2001 to 30 June 2004 were selected. Data collected included demographic and injury details, and operative procedures carried out. RESULTS: Sixteen per cent of major trauma patients sustained maxillofacial trauma. The highest frequency of injuries occurred in the 15-24 years age group. More males were affected than females (3:1). The majority of injuries were due to transportrelated causes (69 per cent) and occurred mostly on roads, streets or highways (70 per cent). Falls were the cause of 15 per cent of injuries, 10.5 per cent of these injuries were fatal while 20.7 per cent needed rehabilitation. The most common type of bony injury was a fractured maxilla. CONCLUSION: The need for preventive strategies to be reinforced has been highlighted as transport-related injuries remain high especially in the younger age groups.