兔眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞体外培养方法的研究

探索体外培养兔眼Ｔｅｎｏｎ囊成纤维细胞的简便方法。把兔结膜和结膜下组织剪碎后直接接种在培养瓶中,加入ＤＭＥＭ培养液进行培养,省略胰蛋白酶消化过程或者组织块干固贴壁过程。此方法简单而且有效。本文对此进行了详细的介绍,同时还介绍了如何分离培养时混杂生长的结膜上皮细胞,并且对体外培养的兔Ｔｅｎｏｎ囊成纤维细胞的生长速度进行了研究。     

Surgery of Tenon's capsule in squint operations]

There is a good chance to reduce the scaring between conjunctiva, Tenon's capsule, muscle and sclera after surgical treatment of rectus and oblique muscles if a careful reconstruction of Tenon's capsule is made. In the rare cases that you have to reoperate, you will experience the benefit of these additional stitches (7-0 vicryl) that restore the integrity of Tenon.     

Partial Tenon's capsule resection with adjunctive mitomycin C in Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgery

AIM: To verify if partial intraoperative Tenon's capsule resection (PTCR) with adjunctive mitomycin C is effective in developing thin, avascular blebs in eyes undergoing Ahmed glaucoma valve insertion, and to assess the efficacy and safety of this procedure. METHODS: A multicentre, prospective, alternating case assignment, investigator unmasked, parallel group, comparative interventional study was conducted in four Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru). Ahmed glaucoma valve implant insertion with PTCR (group A) and without PCTR (group B) was performed in neovascular glaucomatous eyes without previous surgery. Adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) was used in both groups. Patients were examined 1 day, 10 days, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year following the surgery. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and the appearance of the bleb were evaluated at each examination. Appearance of the bleb was classified at both the 1 month mark and last examinations into one of three groups: flat and vascularised; elevated avascular; or elevated and not avascular. RESULTS: 92 eyes from 92 patients were included in the study. The preoperative mean IOP was 50.0 (SD 10.5) mm Hg in group A and 48.4 (11.7) in group B (p>0.05). Statistically significant IOP reductions were observed at all periods of follow up. 12 months after surgery, the mean IOP was 17.2 (5.0) mm Hg in group A and 18.3 (8.7) mm Hg in group B (p>0.05). A hypertensive phase occurred in 40.0% in group A and in 46.8% in group B (p>0.05). At the 1 month and the final follow up, the blebs in all eyes were considered elevated and not avascular. The success rate (IOP0.05). Overall, 74.2% of the patients achieved an IOP 相似文献   

Risk factors for the development of Tenon's capsule cysts after trabeculectomy

Tenon's capsule cysts (TCCs) are a complication of glaucoma filtering surgery. They are frequently associated with substantial elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP) beginning 2 to 8 weeks postoperatively. To determine the incidence and possible risk factors for the development of TCCs, case records of all patients who received trabeculectomy over a 4-year period at the Wills Eye Hospital were reviewed. The incidence of TCCs was 28% in those who underwent trabeculectomy. Characteristics of patients after trabeculectomy in whom TCCs developed were compared with patients after trabeculectomy in whom TCCs did not develop. Both univariate and multivariate techniques were used to assess the association of characteristics associated with the development of TCCs. Factors associated with increased risk (P less than 0.05) were: history of prior TCCs, argon laser trabeculoplasty, male gender, and the use of preoperative sympathomimetics. The use of a compression shell was associated with decreased risk (P less than 0.05).     

Water flow in Tenon's capsule and subconjunctival tissue of rabbit

The mode of water flow in the Tenon's capsule and the subconjunctival tissue was studied in the rabbit. Carbon-black ink injected under the Tenon's capsule was found to move along the plane of the capsule posteriorly toward the optic nerve sheath and also along the direction of the corneal limbus, but a very little amount moved through the layers of the capsule. The flow rates of physiological saline through the capsule were determined under various hydrostatic pressures, and the water flow conductivity through the capsule averaged 8.8 +/- 5.5 X 10(-12) cm4 dyne-1 sec-1 in 7 eyes. The Tenon's capsule offered a considerable resistance to water flow through its layers. The upper conjunctiva was dissected to the limbus and the wound was closed 1) after subconjunctival injection of saline and 2) after injection of concentrated sodium hyaluronate. One month later, a needle connected to a saline reservoir was inserted into the subconjunctival tissue of the treated area and the rate of water flow into the tissue was determined under various hydrostatic pressures. The results were compared with those in the normal eye. The water flow rate was significantly less in the treated eye than in the normal eye. The eyes treated with sodium hyaluronate tended to show a higher flow rate than those treated with saline. Histological examinations revealed that an intensive scar formation took place in the dissected area, indicating that scar formation greatly reduces water flow in the Tenon's capsule and subconjunctival tissue.     

汉防己甲素对体外人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的抑制效应

目的:研究汉防己甲素(tetrandrine,Tet)对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞(Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts,TCFs)的抑制效应。方法:用组织块和混合消化液培养法体外培养人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞,并对培养的传代细胞进行形态学的鉴定。采用MTT法检测不同浓度的汉防己甲素(10-4,10-5,10-6,10-7mol/L)及0.2g/L丝裂霉素(MMC)对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的抑制作用。结果:人眼Tenon成纤维细胞体外生长良好,经光镜和免疫组化观察证明该细胞为成纤维细胞。MTT法证实,随着Tet药物浓度的增大,TCFs增生活性降低,对应的TCFs抑制率升高。结论:Tet对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用。     

Effect of growth factors on the activation of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts

PURPOSE: To investigate stimulatory effects of PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB, PDGF-BB, bFGF, IL-1beta, TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 on the proliferation and myofibroblast transformation of cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts and to characterize expression of PDGF- and TGF-beta-receptors in these cells. METHODS: To determine cell proliferation, cell number of 2nd passage cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts was measured before and after addition of growth factors using a computer-based cell counter system. Immunoblotting was used to detect and quantitate alpha-smooth-muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression. Expression of PDGF- and TGF-beta-receptor mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, expression of the corresponding protein was demonstrated using Western blot. RESULTS: A significant increase in proliferation (p < or = 0.05) was detected after exogenous stimulation with PDGF-AA (10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml), PDGF-AB (10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml), PDGF-BB (10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml), bFGF (100 ng/ml), IL-1beta (1 ng/ml and 10 ng/ml), TGF-beta1 (0.5 ng/ml) and TGF-beta2 (0.5 ng/ml). Both TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 stimulated expression of alpha-SMA in a dose dependent manner with peak activity at a concentration of 50 ng/ml (TGF-beta1) and 500 ng/ml (TGF-beta2). Protein and mRNA of PDGF-receptor type alpha and type beta and TGF-beta-receptors type I, II and III are expressed in cultured human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: The present investigation strongly supports the hypothesis that PDGF-isoforms are major stimulators of proliferation of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts after glaucoma filtering surgery while TGF-beta-isoforms are essential for the transformation of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts into myofibroblasts.     

人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞缝隙连接细胞间通讯的检测

目的:观察体外培养的人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞(human Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts,HTFs)缝隙连接细胞间通讯(gap junctional intercellular communication,GJIC)功能及其构成蛋白connexin43(Cx43)的表达及分布。方法:锐刀划痕罗氏黄(lucifer yellow)荧光染料传输法观察GJIC功能;RT-PCR及Western blot分别检测Cx43 mRNA及蛋白表达;免疫细胞化学方法检测Cx43的分布。结果:荧光染料自划痕线向邻近未损伤细胞传输达6级细胞以上,同时检测到Cx43 mRNA与蛋白的表达;免疫细胞化学法观察到Cx43分布于细胞膜。结论:培养的HTFs具有较强的GJIC功能,通过Cx43介导GJIC赋予细胞能够相互之间传递信息的能力,提示在创伤愈合过程中GJIC对成纤维细胞功能同步化方面发挥重要作用。     

汉防己甲素诱导人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的凋亡效应

目的 研究汉防己甲素(Tet)抑制人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞(TCFs)的凋亡效应.方法 用组织块混合消化液培养法体外培养人眼TCFs,并对培养的传代细胞进行形态学鉴定.通过透射电镜、TUNEL法和流式细胞仪观察Tet抑制人眼TCFs的凋亡作用.结果 人眼TCFs体外生长良好.透射电镜下见Tet处理后的人眼TCFs细胞质固缩,呈现凋亡表现;TUNEL法可见Tet组出现大量的阳性凋亡细胞;流式细胞仪检测TCFs经Tet作用后G_0/G_1期细胞减少22.2%,S期细胞增加20.53%,G_2/M期细胞增加1.6%,Tet抑制TCFs细胞周期于G1期,Tet组凋亡率明显高于对照组(P=0.000).结论 Tet可以诱导人眼TCFs发生凋亡,进而发挥其抑制增生的作用.     

体外转染γ-干扰素基因抑制人眼球筋膜囊成纤维细胞的研究

目的探讨阳离子脂质体介导的γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)基因对体外培养的人眼球筋膜囊成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用。方法采用脂质体介导的方法,以质粒pcDNA3 IFN-γ基因转染体外培养的人眼球筋膜囊成纤维细胞,同时以空载体重组质粒pcDNA3作为对照,G418筛选抗性克隆并扩增。以RT-PCR、免疫组化及流式细胞仪间接免疫荧光法检测IFN-γ基因的表达,应用流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测IFN-γ基因对成纤维细胞的作用。结果转染pcDNA3 IFN-γ基因的成纤维细胞在转录水平和蛋白水平表达IFN-γ基因,转染的IFN-γ基因可明显抑制成纤维细胞的增殖。结论转染的IFN-γ基因对体外培养的人眼球筋膜囊成纤维细胞的增殖具有抑制作用。     

Tube extender for revision of glaucoma drainage implants

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical experience with a glaucoma drainage implant tube extender. METHODS: This was a noncomparative retrospective case series of 10 patients treated with a Tube Extender (New World Medical, Inc, Rancho Cucamonga, CA), with average follow-up of 23 months. RESULTS: The majority of patients (n=7) were treated for tube retraction, 1 had kinked tube, 1 had tube exposure and malposition, and 1 had inadvertently cut tube. Implant types included the Ahmed glaucoma valve (n=7), Molteno implant (n=2), and Baerveldt implant (n=1). The mean intraocular pressure and number of glaucoma medications were significantly reduced postoperatively (P=0.007 and 0.001, respectively). Intraocular pressure or glaucoma medications decreased in 9 patients, and all patients achieved surgical success. CONCLUSIONS: The Tube Extender is a useful device when the tubes of glaucoma drainage implants from different manufacturers require lengthening.     

The effect of beta irradiation on monkey Tenon's capsule fibroblasts in tissue culture

Fibroblast proliferation with subsequent bleb scarring is a major cause of filtering surgery failure. To investigate possible antiproliferative effects of beta radiation, owl monkey Tenon's capsule fibroblasts in tissue culture were irradiated to doses of 30, 100, 300, 1,000, and 3,000 rads with a linear accelerator and to doses of 95,285, and 950 rads with a Strontium-90 applicator. The irradiated cell proliferation expressed as the percentage of the non-irradiated control growth on the third and seventh days, respectively, after beta irradiation was: 97% and 96% after 30 rads; 72% and 90% after 100 rads; 48% and 44% after 300 rads; 39% and 14% after 1,000 rads; and 39% and 14% after 3,000 rads. Similar effects on cell proliferation were observed with the Strontium-90 applicator. The inhibitory effect of beta irradiation on fibroblast proliferation in tissue culture suggests that beta irradiation after filtering surgery may reduce postoperative bleb scarring.     

Immunolocalization of prolyl 4-hydroxylase in fibroblasts cultured from Tenon's capsule of humans

Background: The excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) with the repopulation of fibroblasts may lead to an unsuccessful outcome of glaucoma filtering surgery. We examined the immunolocalization of ECM components and prolyl 4-hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in collagen biosynthesis, in cultured Tenon's capsule fibroblasts (TCFs) of humans to evaluate the production of ECM in the cells. Methods: We used light microscopy to evaluate the immunolocalization of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and ECM components, collagen types I, III, and IV, cellular fibronectin, and laminin in TCFs. Ultrastructural localization of the enzyme was also evaluated by electron microscopy. Results: Immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibodies against the and subunits of the enzyme or with the polyclonal antibody against it was detected in the cytoplasm of the cells in a fine granular pattern, indicating its localization in the indoplasmic reticulum (ER). Immunoreactivity for the enzyme was detected in the cisternae of the ER on electron microscopy. Types I and III collagen reactivities were also observed in the cytoplasm in a fine granular pattern. T reactivity was present diffusely on the cell surface. The distribution of laminin reactivity in the cytoplasm resembled that of types I and III collagen. Cellular fibronectin reactivity was observed in the ECM in a reticular pattern. Conclusion: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase was located in the cisternae of the ER. TCFs produced a variety of ECM components in vitro. The results provide insight into the fibrotic process during scar formation at the site of a bleb following filtering surgery.     

Tenon's capsule: ultrastructure of collagen fibrils in normals and infantile esotropia.

No detailed information about the ultrastructure of Tenon's capsule has been published. The purpose of the present study was to compare the ultrastructural features of collagen fibrils from Tenon's capsule in a nonstrabismic control group (seven children) to those in an infantile esotropic group (10 children). Small biopsy specimens from Tenon's capsule were taken during various operations to be examined by electron microscopy. On electron microscopy, the capsule was found to be composed of groups of collagen fibrils arranged irregularly in different orientations, forming a three-dimensional network that provides tissue resistance to stress. The cross-sectioned collagen fibrils were studied by an image analyzer. In both study groups, all fibrils had a round, regular contour. In the esotropic group, the Tenon's collagen fibrils were thicker, as reflected by their significantly greater mean diameter: 101 +/- 5 nm (mean +/- standard deviation) compared to 86 +/- 5 nm in the control group. Also, significantly greater heterogeneity was found in the collagen fibril thickness of each individual in the esotropic group compared to the control group. Moreover, the mean number of collagen fibrils per unit area was significantly higher in the esotropic group: 98 +/- 13 fibrils per 10(6) nm2 compared to 73 +/- 5 fibrils per 10(6) nm2 in the control group. These ultrastructural changes may be stress-induced secondary alterations of the Tenon's collagen fibrils resulting from prolonged deviation of the eye in infantile esotropia. The significantly denser collagen fibrils may cause a decrease in the elasticity of Tenon's capsule in infantile esotropia.     

人Tenon囊成纤维细胞的体外培养及增殖能力研究

目的:离体培养人Tenon囊成纤维细胞(HTF)并观察细胞增殖能力。方法:取斜视患者手术切除Tenon囊组织进行成纤维细胞原代培养,培养的细胞通过免疫荧光染色法进行鉴定。CCK-8法描述细胞生长曲线,测定细胞活力。流式细胞术分析细胞周期,计算增殖指数。结果:通过组织块法成功培养出HTF。不同代次原代培养的HTF之间增殖能力无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:HTF在体外易于培养,经过数次传代,增殖能力稳定,是进行Tenon囊抗纤维化研究的良好靶细胞。