X射线诱导C6胶质瘤细胞凋亡的研究

目的：探讨X射线能否诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡及剂量-效应关系。方法：用不同剂量X射线照射细胞，并分别在不同时间段用倒置显微镜、电镜观察形态变化；DNA凝胶电泳观察阶梯状条带形成；流式细胞仪检测凋亡峰及细胞凋亡百分率。结果：20Gy照射后48h观察组细胞凋亡率最高(38．49％)。结论：放射可诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡，20Gy的照射剂量对胶质瘤有最强的诱导凋亡作用，但不存在时间效应关系。     

X射线诱导C6胶质瘤细胞凋亡的研究

目的探讨X射线能否诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡及剂量-效应关系。方法用不同剂量X射线照射细胞,并分别在不同时间段用倒置显微镜、电镜观察形态变化;DNA凝胶电泳观察阶梯状条带形成;流式细胞仪检测凋亡峰及细胞凋亡百分率。结果20Gy照射后48h观察组细胞凋亡率最高(38.49%)。结论放射可诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡,20Gy的照射剂量对胶质瘤有最强的诱导凋亡作用,但不存在时间效应关系。     

辛伐他汀诱导神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的：探讨胆固醇合成抑制剂辛伐他汀（SIM）对人神经胶质瘤U251细胞抗增殖和诱导凋亡作用,并探讨其可能的分子机制。方法：用不同浓度的SIM干预U251细胞,四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTY）测定细胞增殖,流式细胞分析检测细胞周期和凋亡率、survivin和Bax蛋白表达,Hoechst33258荧光染色法观察细胞形态学改变,半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测survivin和BaxmRNA表达的变化。结果：①SIM能有效抑制U251细胞增殖,培养48h抑制率可达93．12％,IC50为（11．33±0．16）μg／ml。②SIM诱导U251细胞凋亡,影响细胞周期进程,细胞阻滞于G-S期。SIM诱导U251细胞凋亡过程中随作用时间延长,survivin蛋白表达水平逐渐下降,Bax蛋白表达水平逐渐升高。③经SIM处理后,U251细胞核固缩、边集,核浆比例减小并见有凋亡小体形成。④survivin mRNA表达逐渐降低,BaxmRNA表达逐渐升高。结论：SIM对人神经胶质瘤U251细胞有明显的抑制增殖和诱导凋亡作用,survivin基因表达下降、Bax基因表达升高可能为其分子机制之一。     

辛伐他汀诱导神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的探讨胆固醇合成抑制剂辛伐他汀(SIM)对人神经胶质瘤U251细胞抗增殖和诱导凋亡作用,并探讨其可能的分子机制。方法用不同浓度的SIM干预U251细胞,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)测定细胞增殖,流式细胞分析检测细胞周期和凋亡率、survivin和Bax蛋白表达,Hoechst33258荧光染色法观察细胞形态学改变,半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测survivin和Bax mRNA表达的变化。结果①SIM能有效抑制U251细胞增殖,培养48h抑制率可达93.12%,IC_(50)为(11.33±0.16)μg/ml。②SIM诱导U251细胞凋亡,影响细胞周期进程,细胞阻滞于G_1-S期。SIM诱导U251细胞凋亡过程中随作用时间延长,survivin蛋白表达水平逐渐下降,Bax蛋白表达水平逐渐升高。③经SIM处理后,U251细胞核固缩、边集,核浆比例减小并见有凋亡小体形成。④survivin mRNA表达逐渐降低,Bax mRNA表达逐渐升高。结论SIM对人神经胶质瘤U251细胞有明显的抑制增殖和诱导凋亡作用,survivin基因表达下降、Bax基因表达升高可能为其分子机制之一。     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞的研究进展

用传统的手术、化疗、放疗等方法常不能彻底治愈肿瘤.作为免疫治疗的方法之一,应用细胞因子诱导的杀伤(cytokine-induced killer,CIK)细胞因其可大量扩增,细胞毒活性强,可杀伤自体和异体多种肿瘤细胞,骨髓纯化能力强,回输体内后可继续分裂增生且无需外源细胞因子维持作用,副作用少而显示了很好的发展前景.     

IL-4基因治疗脑胶质瘤的实验研究

目的 探索一条细胞因子ＩＬ－４基因治疗脑胶质瘤的新途径。方法 用脂质体转染的方法,以重组逆转录病毒做载本,将目的基因鼠ＩＬ－４基因转入包装细胞和大鼠Ｃ６胶质瘤细胞,通过Ｇ４１８抗性筛选,得到分泌ＩＬ－４的细胞株Ψ２ ＩＬ－４和Ｃ６ＩＬ－４。Ｅｌｉｓａ法检测病毒上清中ＩＬ－的含量,通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｏｌｔ 和Ｄｏｔ ｂｌｏｔ证明ＩＬ－４基因的整合和表达。体外观察并比较了野生型和转基因瘤细胞的细     

胶质瘤细胞来源的exosome负载树突状细胞诱导肿瘤特异性杀伤的研究

背景与目的：对于各种恶性肿瘤细胞抗原致敏的树突状细胞疫苗研究目前已成为全球抗肿瘤治疗的热门话题。本研究旨在观察胶质瘤细胞来源外来体致敏的树突状细胞,诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）杀伤胶质瘤细胞的活性。方法：采用差速离心法分离胶质瘤细胞分泌的外来体,制备胶质瘤冻融抗原;从胶质瘤患者外周血中获取单状核细胞和T淋巴细胞,培养并获取树突状细胞;将胶质瘤来源的外来体、胶质瘤冻融抗原分别冲击树突状细胞并与T淋巴细胞混合培养．通过MTT法检测两种方法制备的效应细胞对胶质瘤细胞的杀伤效应。结果：当效靶比分别为10：1、25：1、50：1时,冻融抗原-DC＋T细胞对恶性胶质瘤细胞杀伤率为（17．50±1．13）％、（21．18±1．36）%、（30．20±1．46）％。外来体-DC＋T细胞组对恶性胶质瘤细胞杀伤率分别是（32．25±1．36）％、I（43．04±1．22）％、（70．42±1．40）％,二者杀伤力的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：胶质瘤细胞来源的外来体致敏树突状细胞,其特异性杀伤胶质瘤细胞的能力明显优于胶质瘤冷冻抗原。     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤(CIK)细胞的研究现状

从八十年代Ｒｏｓｅｎｂｅｒｇ等[1] 观察到在患非免疫系统肿瘤的动物中给予重组白细胞介素 - 2 (ｒＩＬ -2 ) ,动物的淋巴细胞可以调节肿瘤的消退和转移以来 ,细胞免疫治疗的临床领域就迅速扩展开来 ,人们先后研究了淋巴因子激活的杀伤 (ＬＡＫ )细胞[2 ] ,肿瘤浸润淋巴 (ＴＩＬ)细胞[3 ] ,ＣＤ3 单抗激活的杀伤 (ＣＤ3 ＡＫ)细胞[4 ] ,但是由于细胞来源困难、细胞扩增倍数低或者细胞毒力不高等原因 ,上述细胞的临床应用受到极大限制 ,为此 ,美国斯坦福大学医学院骨髓移植研究中心 1991年报道了具有高增殖能力和高细胞毒性的细胞因子激活的…     

脑胶质瘤的细胞因子及细胞因子基因治疗

脑胶质瘤是中枢神经系统常见的严重疾患，常规的手术，放疗及化疗难以根治，免疫和基因治疗已成为脑胶质瘤综合治疗的重要一环。     

Gefitinib抑制人胶质瘤U251细胞生长分子机制研究

目的:研究Gefitinib对人胶质瘤U251细胞的生长抑制作用及相关机制.方法:用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测不同浓度Gefitinib对U251细胞增殖活性的效应.流式细胞术(FCM)分析Gefitinib对U251细胞周期以及凋亡的影响,蛋白质印迹法检测周期、凋亡相关蛋白表达量的变化.罗丹明123/PI双染流式细胞术与吖啶橙(AO)染色荧光显微镜分析凋亡.结果:Gefitinib能显著抑制U251细胞的增殖,并呈剂量依赖关系,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为18.01 μmol/L.通过流式、荧光染色以及蛋白质印迹检测分析发现,随着浓度的增加,Gefitinib能明显阻滞U251细胞于G0/G1期,主要通过降低线粒体膜电位诱导细胞凋亡,0、10、20和40 μmol/L浓度处理后细胞凋亡率分别为1.28％、4.48％、77.97％和90.59％.Gefitinib对U251细胞的周期阻止与诱导凋亡主要是下调细胞周期依赖蛋白激酶CDK2、CDK4和CDK6的表达,同时上调p27Kip1的表达,引起细胞周期阻滞.上调、活化凋亡相关蛋白Bax,下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达,导致线粒体膜电位降低,活化Caspase-9,诱导细胞凋亡.结论:Gefitinib在15～60 μmol/L浓度范围内,能明显抑制U251细胞的增殖并能通过周期阻滞诱导其凋亡,其作用呈浓度依赖关系.主要通过下调周期依赖蛋白激酶的表达阻滞U251细胞于G0/G1期,降低线粒体膜电位,活化Caspase途径诱导U251细胞凋亡.     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞对宫颈癌细胞的体内外杀伤效应

目的：探讨细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（cytokineinduced killer cells,CIKs）对宫颈癌CasKi和Hela细胞的体内外杀伤效应。方法：从宫颈癌患者的外周血分离单个核细胞,以改良方法（不加IFNγ,只加IL2 和antiCD3抗体）刺激扩增得到CIKs,用流式细胞仪分析CIKs表型。ELISA法检测CIKs培养上清中IFNγ、IL2 和TNFα的分泌水平。LDH释放法检测CIKs对CasKi和HeLa细胞的杀伤作用。建立荷CasKi或Hela细胞小鼠模型,以1×106或1×107个CIKs小鼠静脉注射治疗,每周1次,连续治疗3周,检测小鼠移植瘤的体积和重量。结果：在抗CD3抗体和IL2的刺激下,宫颈癌患者外周血单个核细胞被诱导培养成CIKs,其中CD3+CD56+细胞得到大量扩增。PHA激活后,CIKs产生大量的IFNγ和TNFα,而IL2的分泌量较少。被激活的CIKs可显著地杀伤宫颈癌CasKi细胞和HeLa细胞,最大杀伤率分别达（43.2±1.8）%和（46.2±15）%,且呈剂量依赖性。体内抗肿瘤实验结果显示,CIKs能显著抑制小鼠皮下宫颈癌移植瘤的生长（P<0.01）。结论：本实验的改良方法能有效制备CIKs,该CIKs在体内外对宫颈癌CasKi 和 Hela细胞有明显的杀伤效应。     

树突状细胞与细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞共培养对多药耐药肿瘤细胞系的杀伤活性

目的探讨在细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)表达特异性抗原的肿瘤细胞过程中,是否存在抗原特异性杀伤。方法分离健康人骨髓获得单个核细胞,分别诱导为树突状细胞(DC)和CIK细胞,将人类乳腺癌耐药细胞株MCF-7/ADR细胞的冻融物抗原冲击或未冲击DC与CIK细胞共培养(pulsed-DC CIK、DC CIK),CIK细胞单独培养作对照。用流式细胞仪分析细胞表型,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测IL-12、和IFN-γ分泌水平,用二苯基溴化四氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞毒效应。结果DC与CIK共育后,两组DC成熟表型较共育前明显提高(P=0.003、P=0.001);pulsed- DC CIK组与DC CIK组、CIK组比较,细胞表型(CD3、CD8、CD56)明显提高(P=0.003、P= 0.011),CD3 CD56 细胞明显增多(P=0.001,P<0.001),CD3 CD8 细胞亦明显增多(P=0.002, P=0.002);CD45RA表型则明显降低(P<0.001,P=0.004)。IL-12和IFN-γ水平在pulsed-DC CIK组表达最高,分别为(254±14.5)pg/ml和(3100±286)pg/ml。对有耐药抗原表达的MCF-7/ADR细胞,pulsed-DC CIK组杀伤效应最强,pulsed-DC CIK组、DC CIK组和CIK组比较,差异均有统计学意义(pulsed-DC CIK组与DC CIK组比较,P=0.039;pulsed-DC CIK组与CIK组比较,P= 0.002;DC CIK组与CIK组比较,P=0.049);而对于无P-gp抗原表达的MCF-7细胞的杀伤效应,pulsed- DC CIK组和DC CIK组之间无明显差异,但均高于CIK组,差异有统计学意义(pulsed-DC CIK组与CIK组比较,P=0.007;DC CIK组与CIK组比较,P=0.048)。结论从人骨髓培养得到DC和CIK细胞共培养后,能促进各自特征性表面标志的表达上调,并分泌大量相关细胞因子。细胞杀伤效应的明显提高及可能的特异性细胞杀伤效应,为多药耐药肿瘤的临床生物免疫治疗提供实验基础。     

Antitumor activity of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo

It has been reported recently that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) can block the growth of a variety of malignant tumor cells by reversing the silencing of the tumor suppressor genes; these will be the anticancer agents of the next generation. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor effects of the HDACI suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and investigated its molecular mechanism. SAHA suppressed the in vitro proliferation of OSCC cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analyses showed that treatment with SAHA led to G1 phase cell-cycle arrest of OSCC cells, accompanying a decrease in the percentage of S-phase cells. Western blot analyses demonstrated that the expression of p21 protein was remarkably augmented and hyperacetylation of p53 was induced after SAHA treatment. These results suggest that administration of SAHA suppresses OSCC growth through G1 phase arrest. Additionally, we observed that the growth of xenograft SAS tumors in nude mice was significantly blocked by the administration of SAHA without major adverse effects.     

共培养的树突细胞和CIK细胞对肺癌的体内外抑癌作用

背景与目的:细胞因子诱导的杀伤(cytokine-inducedkiller,CIK)细胞是高效的肿瘤杀伤细胞。树突细胞(dendriticcells,DCs)是体内最强的抗原递呈细胞,并且能够提高效应细胞的抗瘤活性。本实验将DCs和CIK细胞共培养观察DCs对CIK细胞的细胞表型、增殖活性及体内外的抗肺癌作用的影响。方法:从健康人外周血单个核细胞中常规诱导出DCs、CIK细胞后,将DCs和CIK细胞按1∶10比例共培养5天获得DC-CIK细胞。流式细胞仪测DC-CIK细胞表型变化,3H-TdR掺入法测定其体外的细胞毒活性,并用肺腺癌细胞株A549建立裸鼠模型观察DC-CIK体内的抗肿瘤效果。结果:在培养第14天,DC-CIK细胞与单独CIK细胞培养组相比,增殖速率提高[(17.0±1.8)倍vs.(10.9±2.0)倍,P<0.05],CD3 CD56 表达水平明显上调[(36.0±4.2)%vs.(25.7±2.9)%,P<0.05],同时对A549细胞的细胞毒活性明显增强(P<0.05)。裸鼠体内实验表明,接种肺癌细胞51天后DC-CIK组、CIK组的抑瘤率分别为62.9%、41.5%,与对照组相比DC-CIK组及CIK组均抑制裸鼠皮下移植瘤的生长(P<0.01),且DC-CIK组与CIK组抑瘤效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:DCs与CIK细胞共培养可使CIK细胞获得更高的增殖活性和更强的抑癌作用。     

CIK细胞联合贝伐单抗对肝癌HepG2细胞的体内外抗瘤活性

目的:探讨细胞因子诱导杀伤(CIK)细胞联合贝伐单抗(bevacizuma)对肝癌HepG2细胞的体内外抗肿瘤活性及其作用机制.方法:提取健康供血者外周血的单个核细胞(PBMC),加入多种细胞因子促进CIK细胞成熟,在流式细胞仪上进行CIK细胞的免疫表型分析.CIK细胞与贝伐单抗单独或联合作用于HepG2细胞后,利用CCK-8测定其对HepG2细胞体外增殖活性的影响;利用侵袭小室(Transwell)和划痕实验测定其对HepG2细胞侵袭迁移活性的影响;Western blotting检测HepG2细胞Akt和Erk信号通路相关蛋白磷酸化的变化.建立HepG2细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,并随机分为生理盐水组、CIK组、贝伐单抗组及CIK细胞联合贝伐单抗组,给药28 d后处死裸鼠,剥取瘤体,免疫组化法检测瘤组织CD31及Ki67蛋白的表达.结果:提取健康人PBMC诱导14 d后,CIK细胞表型分析显示CD3+ CD56+细胞扩增达(36.33±2.58)％.与单独治疗组比较,联合组对HepG2细胞的抗肿瘤增殖活性显著增强(P ＜0.05);CIK细胞和贝伐单抗两药联合比单独给药组对HepG2细胞的侵袭[(75.6 ±9.53) vs (304.8 ±45.73)、(359.8 ±38.10)个,P＜0.01]和迁移[(29.35±8.14)％vs (55.07±6.27)％、(60.50±9.73)％,P＜0.05]能力的抑制更强;CIK细胞和贝伐单抗两药单独及联合都能抑制Akt和Erk的磷酸化;CIK联合贝伐单抗组可显著抑制移植瘤生长以及移植瘤组织平均血管密度和Ki67表达,与单独治疗及对照组细胞比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:CIK联合贝伐单抗在体内外对HepG2细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移均有抑制作用,且优于单独治疗组.     

Antitumor activity of total paeony glycoside against human chronic myelocytic leukemia K562 cell lines in vitro and in vivo

To explore the molecular mechanisms of human leukemia cells by total paeony glycoside (TPG), which is extracted from the root of Radix Paeoniae Rubra. The viability of K562 cells was assessed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The changes in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration were determined by fluorescent dye Fluo-3, and mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by the retention of the dye Rh123. The cytoplasmic Bax, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2 protein expressions were determined by western blot. The mRNA expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 was detected by RT-PCR. K562 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice to study the in vivo antitumor effects of TPG. The growth of K562 cells was inhibited and arrested in G0/G1 phase by TPG. TPG also caused apoptosis in K562 cells evidenced by cytosolic accumulation of cytochrome c, caspase-9, and caspase-3. TPG could down-regulate Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and up-regulate Bax in K562 cells. TPG showed a significant decreased tumor volume and tumor weight in nude mice inoculated with K562 cells. TPG can be developed as a promising anti-chronic myeloid leukemia drug.     

Antitumor activity of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid against thyroid cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo.

PURPOSE: The histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), has multiple antitumor effects against a variety of human cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We treated several anaplastic and papillary thyroid cancer cell lines with SAHA to determine if it could inhibit the growth of these cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: SAHA effectively inhibited 50% clonal growth of the anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines, ARO and FRO, and the papillary thyroid cancer cell line, BHP 7-13, at 1.3x10(-7) to 5x10(-7) mol/L, doses that are achievable in patients. In concert with growth inhibition, SAHA down-regulated the expression of cyclin D1 and up-regulated levels of p21WAF1. Annexin V and cleavage of poly(ADP)ribose polymerase were both increased by exposure of the thyroid cancer cells to SAHA. Expression of the death receptor 5 (DR5) gene was also increased by SAHA, but the combination of the DR5 ligand, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), with SAHA had little effect compared with SAHA alone. Of note, the combination of paclitaxel, doxorubicin, or paraplatin with SAHA enhanced cell killing of the thyroid cancer cells. In addition, murine studies showed that SAHA administered daily by i.p. injection at 100 mg/kg inhibited the growth of human thyroid tumor cells. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that SAHA is a plausible adjuvant therapy for thyroid cancers.     

Anti-tumor activity of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo

Several reports have indicated that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is constitutively activated in a variety of cancer cells including human oral squamous carcinoma cells, and play a key role in their growth and survival. Recent studies report that NF-κB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. However this anti-tumor effects are still unknown in end human oral squamous carcinoma cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of DHMEQ on oral squamous carcinoma cell (OSCC) lines in vitro and in vivo. Human OSCC cell lines (HSC-3, SAS) were treated with DHMEQ and examined for cell viability by MTT assay, cell cycle distribution by flow-cytometry, apoptosis by TUNEL assay, and protein expression by western blotting, respectively. In vivo activities were also investigated in a mouse xenograft model. DHMEQ inhibited growth of two OSCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner measured by MTT assay. A flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that treatment with DHMEQ induced accumulation in sub-G1 phase. TUNEL assay showed that DHMEQ induced DNA fragmentation. Protein expression by western blotting analysis revealed that DHMEQ induced nuclear down regulation of Survivin, cIAP-1, and cIAP-2. In nude mice, DHMEQ inhibited growth of OSCC without major toxic side effects. The present results demonstrated that administration of DHMEQ is suggested to be a novel anti-tumor approach to the treatment of OSCC.     

树突状细胞联合细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞抗肿瘤研究进展

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)是一种非主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)限制性的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞.CIK用于杀伤肿瘤被认为是肿瘤过继免疫治疗的首选方案.树突状细胞(DC)在肿瘤细胞和T淋巴细胞的相互作用中起到桥梁和枢纽作用.二者共同培养后,不仅提高了CIK的增殖能力和杀伤活性,并且治疗范围广泛,对多个系统的肿瘤均具有较强的杀伤作用.