胆囊收缩素与糖尿病

胆囊收缩素是一类作用广泛的胃肠激素,近来的研究表明胆囊收缩素及其受体水平的变化或基因突变可能与糖尿病发病有关。通过其受体的介导,胆囊收缩素具有调节中枢摄食,能量平衡,刺激胰岛素分泌,抗炎及通过抑制蛋白酪氨酸碳酸酶1B减轻胰岛素抵抗等功能,具有潜在的糖尿病治疗作用。     

肝硬化患者血浆胆囊收缩素及胃动素对胃排空的影响

目的本研究旨在探讨肝硬化患者胃排空功能,并探讨其胃排空作用与空腹血浆胆囊收缩素、胃动素的关系,进而为预防和治疗肝硬化提供参考。方法 将30例肝硬化患者作为试验组,30例健康志愿者作为对照组,采用^13C-辛酸呼气试验法测定肝硬化患者以及对照组的胃固体半排空时间（GET1／2）,同时用放射免疫技术测定患者及对照组的空腹血浆胆囊收缩素（CCK）及胃动素（MTL）水平。结果与健康志愿者组相比,肝硬化患者组GET1／2明显延迟（P〈0．05）;空腹血浆CCIK及MTL水平明显升高,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;患者GET1／2与空腹血浆CCK及MTL水平各自呈正相关。结论肝硬化患者胃排空延迟可能与血浆CCK及MTL水平的异常增高相关。推测肝硬化时血浆CCK及MTL水平均明显增高,由此引发胃排空延迟,最终导致营养不良,进而加重患者病情。     

糖尿病大鼠血浆和胃肠组织胃动素、胆囊收缩素和生长抑素含量的变化

糖尿病胃肠功能障碍的发病与胃肠激素紊乱密切相关，而糖尿病时的机体状态对胃肠道内分泌系统亦有显著影响。胃肠激素由胃肠道内分泌细胞产生，其中Mo细胞分泌的胃动素（motilin）可促进餐前胃排空，I细胞分泌的胆囊收缩素（cholecystokinin）可抑制餐后胃排空，D细胞分泌的生长抑素（somatostatin）对胃肠蠕动起抑制作用。但是，这3种对胃肠运动起主要作用的胃肠激素在糖尿病胃肠功能障碍发病中的相关性尚未见报道。本研究旨在探讨胃动素、胆囊收缩素和生长抑素在糖尿病胃肠功能障碍发病中的变化和相互关系。     

肠易激综合征乙状结肠移行性运动与胃肠肽胆囊收缩素、胃动素的相关性研究

目的 研究肠易激综合征（IBS）患者乙状结肠移行性运动与胃肠肽胆囊收缩素（CCK）、胃动素（MTL）的关系，探讨CCK、MTL对IBS患者乙状结肠动力的调节作用。方法 对2004年3月至2005年2月，在广西壮族自治区人民医院消化内科住院，符合罗马Ⅱ诊断标准的腹泻型（D—IBS）和便秘型（C—IBS）IBS患者各20例及年龄、性别匹配的健康志愿者组15名（男7名、女8名），分别采用毛细管液体灌注测压法记录空腹状态下乙状结肠移行性高幅突发波的波幅及占记录时间百分比；同时采用放射免疫法测定所有研究对象血浆和乙状结肠黏膜CCK、MTL的含量，结果 D—IBS组乙状结肠移行性高幅突发波的波幅和持续时间显著高于C—IBS组和健康组（P〈0，05），D—IBS组血浆MTL、CCK浓度显著高于C—IBS组和健康组（P〈0．01），黏膜MTL显著高于C—IBS组和健康组（P〈0．01）。IBS患者乙状结肠移行高幅突发波的波幅和持续时间与血浆或黏膜CCK、MTL分别呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论 IBS患者乙状结肠移行性运动可能受血浆CCK、黏膜和血浆MTL浓度相关的正性调节作用     

胆囊收缩素与糖尿病

胆囊收缩素是一类作用广泛的胃肠激素，近来的研究表明胆囊收缩素及其受体水平的变化或基因突变可能与糖尿病发病有关。通过其受体的介导，胆囊收缩素具有调节中枢摄食，能量平衡，刺激胰岛素分泌，抗炎及通过抑制蛋白酪氨酸碳酸酶1B减轻胰岛素抵抗等功能，具有潜在的糖尿病治疗作用。     

肠易激综合征乙状结肠移行性运动与胃肠肽胆囊收缩素、胃动素的相关性研究

目的研究肠易激综合征(IBS)患者乙状结肠移行性运动与胃肠肽胆囊收缩素(CCK)、胃动素(MTL)的关系,探讨CCK、MTL对IBS患者乙状结肠动力的调节作用。方法对2004年3月至2005年2月,在广西壮族自治区人民医院消化内科住院,符合罗马Ⅱ诊断标准的腹泻型(D-IBS)和便秘型(C-IBS)IBS患者各20例及年龄、性别匹配的健康志愿者组15名(男7名、女8名),分别采用毛细管液体灌注测压法记录空腹状态下乙状结肠移行性高幅突发波的波幅及占记录时间百分比;同时采用放射免疫法测定所有研究对象血浆和乙状结肠黏膜CCK、MTL的含量。结果D-IBS组乙状结肠移行性高幅突发波的波幅和持续时间显著高于C-IBS组和健康组(P<0.05),D-IBS组血浆MTL、CCK浓度显著高于C-IBS组和健康组(P<0.01),黏膜MTL显著高于C-IBS组和健康组(P<0.01)。IBS患者乙状结肠移行高幅突发波的波幅和持续时间与血浆或黏膜CCK、MTL分别呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论IBS患者乙状结肠移行性运动可能受血浆CCK、黏膜和血浆MTL浓度相关的正性调节作用。     

糖尿病患者胃泌素,胃动素与胃排空功能的关系

糖尿病胃排空障碍的相关因素甚多，如自主神经功能的改变，多巴胺能系统的变化，血糖水平、血胰升糖素及各种胃肠激素水平等）’。影响胃排空的胃肠激素中较为重要的有胃动素和胃泌素。我们通过观察79例2型糖尿病病人超声胃液体排空功能与空腹血胃泌素、胃动素水平，探讨了胃泌     

胆囊收缩素与消化道运动

胆囊收缩素（CCK）是一种重要的脑肠肽激素，对消化道运动有广泛而重要的调节功能，本综述CCK的分子结构和受体，对消化道运动的调节作用及CCK与消化道动力性疾病的关系。     

胆囊收缩素与消化道运动

胆囊收缩素(CCK)是一种重要的脑肠肽激素,对消化道运动有广泛而重要的调节功能。本文综述CCK的分子结构和受体,对消化道运动的调节作用及CCK与消化道动力性疾病的关系。     

胆囊收缩素受体及胆囊运动与胆囊结石形成相关性研究进展

胆囊结石是消化系统的常见病 ,国内外多年的研究已证实胆囊结石的形成与胆囊运动功能障碍有密切的关系。为了从分子水平更进一步地探讨胆囊结石的成因 ,近年来国内外学者开始了对胆囊收缩素受体的研究。通过一系列的研究发现 ,胆囊收缩素受体的变化影响胆囊的运动功能 ,从而导致胆囊结石的形成。     

凉润通络方对糖尿病大鼠胃肠MOT、CCK、SS的影响

目的 采用STZ注射制作糖尿病大鼠模型,探讨凉润通络方对糖尿病大鼠的胃肠运动功能改善的机制.方法 40只清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠,体重180～220 g,随机分为模型组)、凉润通络组、西沙比利组、正常对照组,每组10只.糖尿病模型成功后,不予降糖药控制血糖.饲养6 w后,给予药物灌胃6 w,检测血浆与组织的胃动素(MOT)、胆囊收缩素(CCK)、生长抑素(SS).结果 12 w时糖尿病大鼠存在胃肠激素的紊乱,凉润通络方同步影响血液、组织中胃肠激素的分泌和释放.结论凉润通络方在改善糖尿病胃肠功能障碍方面具有优势.     

2型糖尿病患者甲状腺功能与纤维蛋白原关系的研究

目的 探讨T2DM患者甲状腺功能与纤维蛋白原（FIB）的相关性. 方法 选取T2DM患者502例,测定FIB、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）和临床生化指标,采用方差分析、Spearman相关分析及多元逐步回归分析甲状腺功能与FIB的相关性. 结果 （1）FT3与FIB呈负相关（r=-0.331,P＜0.01）.（2）甲减组FIB高于甲亢组[（3.765±1.089）vs（3.346±0.879）pmol/L,P＜0.01],与正常组[（3.232±0.985） pmol/L]比较差异无统计学意义;按FIB由低到高四分位间距分组,FT3依次为（4.54±0.96）,（4.47±0.81）,（3.94±1.13）及（3.67±0.95）pmol/L,P0～组与P25～组均高于P75～组（P＜0.01）.（3）年龄、[脂蛋白LP-（a）]、C-RP、HbA1c是FIB的独立影响因素（β=0.382,0.272,0.552,0.221;P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;FT3与FIB呈负相关（β=--0.289,P＜0.01）,且与C-RP呈依赖性. 结论 T2DM患者年龄、LP-（a）、C-RP、HbA1 c及FT3均与FIB相关,甲状腺激素可能通过炎症机制影响FIB.     

The correlation of lung structure with function

When considering the results of structure-function correlative studies, the purpose of lung function testing should be kept in mind. Firstly, lung function testing should provide information about the development, progression or regression of lung disease, and secondly, ideally it should serve as a relatively noninvasive technique for estimating the pathological changes within the lungs. There is little doubt that lung function tests can fulfill the first of these aims. The second aim is considerably more difficult to establish. This review illustrates that to some extent the second aim has been fulfilled for emphysema and small airway disease. However, in interstitial lung disease a great deal more needs to be done. In this group of disorders even lung biopsy is unreliable because of the great inhomogeneity of the lesions. Perhaps lung function testing can never accurately predict the stage of the disease but fortunately other techniques such as lavage [25, 93, 26] and gallium scanning [25] are showing promise in providing supplementary information.     

Gene expressions of cholecystokinin (CCK) and CCK receptors, and its satiety effect in young and old male rats

Cholecystokinin (CCK), one of the first discovered gastrointestinal hormones, which stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and induces gallbladder contraction, is one of the most abundant neurotransmitter peptides in the brain and is implicated in satiety via CCK-A receptors. We compared the suppressive effect of central administration of CCK on food intake in young and old rats. The suppressive effect on food intake was enhanced in old rats. To examine the mechanism of this enhanced suppression, we measured the mRNA levels of CCK, CCK-A and CCK-B receptors in the cerebral cortex and the hypothalamus of young and old male rats. The mRNA level of CCK-A receptors in the hypothalamus decreased with age, whereas the mRNA levels of CCK-B receptors in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex did not. The mRNA level of CCK in the cerebral cortex decreased significantly in old rats, although the decrease in the hypothalamus was not significant. Therefore, the enhanced sensitivity to CCK of old rats could not be explained by changes in gene expressions of CCK and CCK receptors. Moreover, the effects of aging on the gene expressions of CCK-A and CCK-B receptors were different.     

胃肠激素在肝衰竭大鼠胃肠道动力改变中的影响

[目的]探讨胃肠激素对肝衰竭大鼠胃肠动力障碍的影响。[方法]40只Wistar大鼠随机分为肝衰竭模型组和对照组,采用葡聚糖蓝-2000为胃肠内标记物,观察大鼠胃排空及肠道传输的变化,同时测定大鼠血浆及胃肠组织中胃动素（MTL）、P物质（SP）及生长抑素（SS）的含量。[结果]与对照组比较,肝衰竭模型组大鼠胃排空及小肠动力明显减弱（P〈0.01）,血浆及胃窦、空肠组织中生长抑素的含量明显增加（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,P物质的含量则显著减少（P〈0.01）,但胃动素的含量无明显变化。[结论]肝衰竭大鼠胃肠功能下降与P物质及生长抑素的变化有关,胃动素在其中可能不起作用。     

GIP potentiates CCK stimulated pancreatic enzyme secretion: correlation of anatomical structures with the effects of GIP and CCK on amylase secretion

Utilizing scanning electron microscopy and isolated, vascularly perfused rat pancreas, we studied the angioarchitecture and the effect of the insulinotropic hormone, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), on cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated exocrine secretion. We tried to correlate the microcirculation with the physiological effect of insulin on the pancreatic secretion in the same species. We found a vascular pattern consisting of direct insuloacinar connections, a venous drainage system of islets, and a direct arterial supply of acini. GIP at a concentration as low as 2 ng/ml or exogenous rat insulin potentiated CCK-stimulated pancreatic enzyme secretion. To have similar effects as insulin which is endogenously released by GIP, about 30 times more exogenous rat insulin has to be infused. We conclude that based on the angioarchitecture, insulinotropic hormones like GIP could link the metabolic and the digestive function of the pancreas.     

Changes in gastrointestinal, pancreatic, biliary, and hepatic function with aging

The understanding of "normal" aging of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and hepatobiliary system is confounded by the difficulty in identifying healthy elderly subjects for study. There appear to be predictable changes in gastric secretion and emptying, intestinal and pancreatic morphology, colorectal motility, and hepatic mass and blood flow with aging. However, the functional significance of these changes is variable. Further investigations will be necessary to resolve currently conflicting data, and validation of animal models of aging will enhance future research into these areas.     

肝硬化患者血浆VIP、CCK水平与胆囊排空功能的关系

探讨肝硬化时血浆胃肠激素水平对胆囊运动的影响。用放免法测定肝硬化患者及对照者血浆血管活性肠肽 (VIP)和胆囊收缩素 (CCK)含量 ;用B超测定餐前、餐后胆囊容积及排空率。结果 :肝硬化时血浆VIP、CCK均明显增高 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;胆囊空腹容积、剩余容积均明显增大 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 0 1) ,最大排空率较对照组无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但Child -PughC级降低 (P <0 0 5 )。肝硬化组胆囊最大排空率与VIP呈负相关 ,胆囊空腹容积及剩余容积与VIP均呈正相关 ,胆囊空腹容积、剩余容积及最大排空率与CCK均无相关。提示肝硬化时VIP增高既抑制胆囊运动 ,又明显降低胆囊张力 ,肝硬化时可能存在对CCK的抵抗。