Castleman 病的CT表现与相关性病理分析

目的 探讨Castleman 病的CT 特点与病理类型的关系.方法 回顾性分析7 例发生于颈部、纵隔、腹部及盆腔,经病理证实为Castleman 病的临床、病理表现及影像学资料.6 例接受CT 平扫及增强扫描.临床上分为局限型（6 例）和多中心型（1 例）.结果 局限型6 例,均为透明血管型,CT 平扫表现为单个类圆形或椭圆形软组织肿块,1 例可见点状及分支状钙化灶,1 例肿块内见低密度囊变区,2 例病灶周围筋膜增厚;增强后病灶强化程度与大血管相似.病理切片可见淋巴滤泡增生伴大量小血管增生.多中心型1 例,为浆细胞型.CT 表现为多发淋巴结肿大.病理切片见滤泡间浆细胞浸润.结论 Castleman 病的影像学表现与病理类型密切相关.CT 特征性表现有助于诊断及鉴别诊断.     

局限性Castleman病的CT和MRI表现

目的 探讨局限性Castleman病（Localized Castleman Disease，LCD）的CT和MRI影像学表现。方法回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的7例LCD的CT和MRI（7例均行CT检查，仅有2例行MRI检查）表现。结果本组7例LCD经病理证实：透明血管型6例，浆细胞型1例。位于中纵隔2例、右肺门1例、后纵隔3例、腹膜后1例。透明血管型：CT表现为类圆形软组织肿块，密度均匀，包膜完整，边缘清晰光整，可伴分支状和斑点状钙化，CT增强呈持续显著强化。MRI检查2例均为透明血管型，T1WI病灶呈等、高信号，T2WI为均匀高信号，钙化呈低信号，增强与CT相似。浆细胞型CT表现：密度不均，其内见不规则坏死，增强中度不均匀强化。结论 根据影像学显著持续强化的特点，有助于Castleman病诊断和鉴别诊断。     

超声对纵隔肿瘤的诊断价值

目的评价常规超声及介入超声对纵隔肿瘤的诊断价值。方法对临床诊断前纵隔肿瘤的56例患者进行超声：检查，并对其中46例进行超声引导下穿刺活检。结果56例前纵隔肿块超声均能显示，显示率100％；纵隔肿瘤穿刺活检者获确切病理诊断的占73．0％(32／44)，可疑诊断及不能帮助诊断者各占13．5％(6／44)。无并发症发生。结论常规灰阶超声能对大多数前纵隔肿瘤作出定位诊断；实时超声观察能清楚地显示肿块与心脏大血管的关系，从而准确地引导穿刺活检，使超声引导下纵隔肿瘤的穿刺活检成为一项安全可靠、简便、价廉的技术。     

胆管癌的超声与CT诊断对比分析

目的为了评价超声与CT检查在胆管癌诊断中的临床应用价值。方法回顾经手术病理证实的46例胆管癌超声与CT诊断资料，并进行对比分析。结果定位准确率：超声92％，CT96％；定性准确率(即能明确显示肿块)：超声78．6％，CT75．3％。结论超声与CT对胆管癌的整体诊断率相当，定性诊断(明确显示肿块)则B超优于CT，两对不同部位的胆管癌诊断各具优势，互相补充，可提高胆管癌的确诊率，而超声是胆管癌初步筛查的首选检查方法。     

腹膜后肿块超声诊断研究及临床意义

目的：研究不同病理性质腹膜后肿块的块像图特征,最终寻找出一些超声诊断规律。方法：应用超声检查经手术病理证实的腹膜后肿块83例,并对其超声图像进行综合分析。结果：表明（1）腹膜后肿块超声定位有八种声像图特征;（2）肿块内部回声特征与病理结构相关;（3）肿块好发部位与病理性质相关,本组与手术病理对照,超声诊断符合率83％（69／83）,结论这些超声定位特征对腹膜后肿块及时诊断以及与非腹膜后肿块鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值,结合内部回声特征与好发部位还可有助于对肿块病理性质的诊断。     

Castleman病的CT诊断

目的 探讨Castleman病的CT表现,提高对其认识.方法 回顾性分析经手术证实17例为 Castleman病的临床资料与CT表现.结果 病变位于胸部11例,腹膜后5例,腹膜后及盆腔同时发生1例.临床分型为局灶型11例,多中心型6例.病理诊断透明血管型12例,浆细胞型4例,混合型1例.CT平扫3例伴有钙化,其余病灶为等密度;增强扫描透明血管型病灶均有明显持续性强化,中间可有点状或条状低密度;浆细胞型呈轻度～中度强化.结论 Castleman病CT表现与临床类型、病理分型密切相关,透明血管型病变的CT表现具有特征性,浆细胞型无特征性影像学表现,确诊需结合组织病理学.     

3例胸腔Castleman病临床病理特点分析

目的探讨胸腔Castleman病的临床病理特点。方法回顾性分析3例胸腔Castleman病患者的临床病理资料。结果 3例患者均为中青年。病灶均位于右侧胸腔,靠近或位于纵隔,CT表现为局灶肿块性圆形或类圆形软组织密度影。3例患者术前均初诊为右肺或纵隔占位,其中2例考虑可疑肺癌。3例患者均行开胸手术治疗,术后组织病理活检证实为Castleman病,其中2例为透明血管型,1例为浆细胞型。电话随访患者预后较好,无复发或并发症发生。结论 Castleman病患者临床缺乏特异性表现,降低其误诊误治率依赖于仔细甄别其影像学特征并及时予以手术和组织病理活检。     

腹部Castleman’s病的多层螺旋CT表现

目的：分析Castleman’s病的多层螺旋CT（MSCT）表现，提高对其认识。方法：回顾性分析9例经手术病理证实的Castleman’s病患者的MSCT表现，总结其MSCT特征。结果：9例中5例位于腹盆腔，4例位于腹膜后。9例中局限型8例，弥漫型1例。局限型7例病理诊断均为透明血管型，CT平扫与肌肉相比呈等密度；动态增强CT扫描，多数肿块动脉期明显强化，在延迟期均表现为持续强化，强化程度接近大动脉。局限型和弥漫型各1例为浆细胞型，表现为腹膜后多个软组织结节，轮廓光整，轻度强化。结论：淋巴结增生症的CT表现与组织病理学密切相关，局限透明血管型Castleman’s病MSCT表现具有一定特征性；弥漫浆细胞型Castleman’s病无特征性影像学表现，确诊依赖组织病理学。     

肠系膜占位性病变实时超声定位诊断价值

目的 探讨实时超声显像对肠系膜占位性病变定位诊断的价值.方法 分析19例肠系膜占位性病变的实时超声表现,观察实时超声检查过程中改变体位时病变的移动性.所有病例均与CT检查结果对照,并经手术和病理证实.结果 19例肠系膜占位性病变中,16例肿块可在脊柱两侧移动,超声定位诊断符合率84.21%,CT定位诊断符合率42.10%.结论 实时超声检查可动态观察肿块的移动性,对肠系膜占位性病变的定位诊断有较大参考价值.     

弥漫性恶性腹膜间皮瘤超声与病理分析

目的再探讨超声对恶性腹膜间皮瘤的诊断要点。方法总结分析15例超声引导下介入活检病理诊断为恶性腹膜间皮瘤的超声资料。结果15例间皮瘤壁层腹膜厚薄不均，边界不整齐；腹膜线连续性中断，肿块部位回声低；网膜呈饼状不均性增厚，质硬感，边缘不整齐；超声引导下活检易取材，质硬，网膜不随针的提插而移动；CDFI：肿块内血流较丰富，11例RI〈0．60，4例RI〉0．60；病理：12例为上皮型，3例为腺管乳头型。结论弥漫性恶性腹膜间皮瘤有一定的超声特点，结合超声引导下活检能基本做出对该病的诊断与鉴别诊断。     

Imaging findings of Castleman disease of the abdomen and pelvis

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristic features of Castleman disease in the abdomen and pelvis as suggested by imaging findings in order to deepen the recognition and understanding of this rare disease. METHODS: A group of ten patients with pathologically proven Castleman disease in the abdomen (n = 9) and pelvis (n = 1) were included in this study. Patients were 18 approximately 56-year-old (mean = 40); seven of them were men and three were women. Imaging findings (CT&MRI, n = 4; only CT, n = 4; only MRI, n = 2) were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with clinical and pathologic findings. RESULTS: The lesions were divided into those with localized Castleman (n = 9) and disseminated Castleman (n = 1). The pathologic subtype of all nine cases of localized disease was hyaline vascular with six patients showing a solitary mass and three having a single dominant mass surrounded by small satellite nodules. On nonenhanced CT images, the lesions were manifested as homogeneous masses of soft tissue attenuation, which was isoattenuated relative to normal muscle. On MRI, the lesions were isointense or slightly hypointense compared with that of normal muscle on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. After intravenous injection of contrast media, most of the masses (7/9) showed marked enhancement and slow washout with the degree of enhancement approaching that of the large arteries. And in the interior of four cases of larger masses (>5 cm) was observed fissured and radial patterns in both low-density area on CT and low-signal area on MRI. These patterns were pathologically proved to be fibrous. The pathological subtype of a sole disseminated case was plasma-cell type, where imaging findings showed a lining of well defined, sharply enhanced soft-tissue nodules in retroperitoneal zone. CONCLUSION: Imaging findings of Castleman disease in the abdomen and pelvis are closely related to pathological type diagnosed. The characteristic features of localized and hyaline vascular type of Castleman disease include a solitary mass or a dominant mass surrounded with small satellite nodules, and high enhancement and slow washout with the degree of enhancement approaches that of large arteries. The presence of central areas of fibrosis of the larger tumors is one of the characteristic features of this disease.     

Castleman disease with renal amyloidosis: imaging findings and clinical significance

We report two cases of renal amyloidosis associated with mesenteric and mediastinal Castleman disease of plasma cell type. Computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric mass with multiple nodal enlargement in one patient and a right paratracheal mass with irregular central calcifications in the second patient. Renal ultrasonography (US) showed increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma with prominent medullas. Doppler waveform obtained in the kidney associated with mesenteric disease showed complete absence of diastolic flow signal, although it was normal in the patient with mediastinal disease. Recognition of Castleman disease as the cause of renal amyloidosis and the understanding of CT and US findings of this entity are important for the management, as well as its diagnosis.     

局灶型Castleman病的CT表现

目的:总结局灶型Castleman病的CT表现,提高对该病的认识。材料与方法:回顾性分析7例经病理证实的Castleman病的CT表现(7例均行CT平扫及增强)。结果:7例病理均为透明血管型,3例位于颈部,1例位于腋窝,1例位于肝门区,1例位于腹膜后,1例位于小肠系膜。CT平扫呈等或略低密度,1例可见点状及分枝状钙化灶,1例可见多发条状低密度疤痕,余密度均匀。增强扫描所有病灶动脉期均呈显著均匀性强化,静脉期减退。结论:局灶型Castleman病具有一定的特征性表现,CT检查对该病的诊断有极大帮助。     

Castleman病的影像学诊断

目的探讨Castleman病（CD）的CT及MRI影像表现,提高对其的认识。方法回顾性分析8例经手术及穿刺病理证实CD患者的CT及MRI资料,并与病理结果对照分析。结果 8例CD患者中,6例为局灶型,其中5例为透明血管型、1例为浆细胞型;2例为多中心型,均为浆细胞型。CT检查8例,平扫5例病灶表现为密度均匀的软组织肿块,与肌肉相比呈等密度;3例病灶内有小斑片状低密度。3例伴点、条状钙化。CT增强扫描5例透明血管型动脉期显著强化,强化程度接近同层面血管,门静脉期及延迟期持续强化。其中3例平扫斑片状低密度区,增强后2例呈相对低密度改变,1例呈更高密度。3例浆细胞型中等均匀强化。MRI检查4例,均为透明血管型,T1WI病灶呈稍低信号,T2WI呈高信号。其中1例T2WI中央斑片状亮高信号,增强扫描强化方式与CT一致。结论 CD的影像学表现与临床及病理分型密切相关,局灶型病例多为透明血管型,影像学表现具有一定特征;多中心型病理多为浆细胞型,影像学表现无明显特征,确诊依赖组织病理学。     

腹膜后局限性Castleman病（附3例报告）

目的提高腹膜后局限性Castleman病的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析3例腹膜后局限性Castleman病患者的临床资料,并进行文献复习。其中男2例,女1例,发病年龄49～61岁,中位年龄56岁,肿瘤位于腹膜后,大小3．0cm×3．5cm×4．0cm～4．0cm×4．5cm×6．0cm。结果3例患者肿瘤均经手术成功切除并经术后病理证实,临床分类均属于局限型。术后随访6～12个月,未见肿瘤复发。结论腹膜后Castleman病临床少见,可发生于淋巴组织的任何部位,术前CT检查对诊断该病有一定帮助,确诊有赖于病理学检查,手术切除为首选治疗方法。     

胸部巨淋巴结增生症的CT与MRI诊断

目的探讨胸部局灶型巨淋巴结增生症的临床、CT和MRI与病理表现之间的联系。方法回顾性分析有完整临床、影像学和病理资料的9例胸部局灶型巨淋巴结增生症。结果 9例中位于前纵隔1例,后纵隔3例,中纵隔4例,左肺斜裂1例。临床出现症状者其病灶多位于中纵隔,有2例伴副肿瘤性天疱疮。CT上1例出现灶中央区分支状钙化。MRI上病变与周围分界清晰度更佳。病理上9例均为透明血管型,CT增强除1例表现为不均匀中度强化外,均呈显著强化。结论胸部局灶型巨淋巴结增生症的临床、影像学表现与病理之间密切相关,结合较有特征性的临床表现及影像学表现有利于术前作出诊断。     

腮腺米库利兹病CT表现

目的观察腮腺米库利兹病(MD)的CT表现。方法回顾性分析14例经病理证实的腮腺MD患者术前CT特征。结果14例中,6例为单侧腮腺单发结节,3例为单侧腮腺多发结节,4例为双侧多发结节,1例为双侧弥漫性病灶,位于腮腺浅叶或深叶;12例病灶边界模糊,其中1例与周围组织粘连、1例双侧病灶伴腮腺肿胀。CT平扫病灶呈等或稍高密度,部分伴囊变和“砂砾样”钙化,增强后无囊变病灶呈均匀持续性中度至明显强化,合并囊变时呈环形或分隔样强化,囊壁及分隔较菲薄光滑;邻近皮肤未见增厚,皮下脂肪间隙清晰,颈部未见肿大淋巴结。结论腮腺MD的CT表现具有一定特征性,有助于诊断。     

Hyaline vascular-type Castleman disease: a rare cause of a hypervascular retroperitoneal mass

We present the cross-sectional imaging and angiographic findings of hyaline vascular-type Castleman disease located in the retroperitoneum. The diagnosis was made postoperatively. This entity can simulate a malignant neoplasm. The histologic subtypes and presentations of Castleman disease and the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses are discussed. Received: 12 August 1999/Accepted: 8 September 1999     

超声造影在脾外伤评估及分级诊断中的临床应用

目的探讨常规超声与超声造影在脾外伤评估和分级诊断中的应用价值。方法对42例经CT和（或）手术证实为脾外伤患者的常规超声和超声造影检查资料进行对比分析。结果42例脾外伤常规超声检出28例，漏诊14例（轻重不同程度各7例）；超声造影检出40例，漏诊2例（均为轻微损伤）。超声造影在损伤灶检出率和分级方面明显优于常规超声（P〈0．001）。在42例脾外伤程度分级诊断中，常规超声组存在明显级别低估者10例；超声造影组无一例发生级别低估，且与CT和（或）手术组脾外伤程度分级诊断结果基本一致。结论超声造影在脾外伤检出率及脾外伤程度分级评估上明显优于常规超声，基本与手术或（和）CT检出率和评估结果一致。超声造影与常规超声诊断脾外伤相比，是一项新的技术突破，具有重要的临床应用价值。