Driving pedal reaction times after right transtibial amputations

OBJECTIVES: To determine if right transtibial amputees have the potential to safely operate the foot pedals of a vehicle with their prosthetic foot, and to determine which of 4 driving techniques is associated with the fastest reaction times. DESIGN: Repeated measures. SETTING: Outpatient amputee clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Ten subjects with right-sided, transtibial amputations. INTERVENTION: Brake pedal response times were measured using 4 different driving techniques: right-sided accelerator with (1) prosthesis operating both the accelerator and brake pedals, (2) prosthesis operating the accelerator and left foot operating the brake, (3) left foot operating both the accelerator and brake, and (4) left-sided accelerator with the left foot operating both the accelerator and brake. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reaction time, movement time, total response time, and pedal configuration preference. RESULTS: Total response times were slowest using a 2-footed driving technique (P<.001). Total response times were comparable using a left-sided accelerator versus the prosthesis. Using the left foot to operate both the accelerator and brake in a conventional right-footed accelerator design led to the fastest reaction (P<.001) and total response times (P<.01), although it is unclear if this is a realistic driving technique for all amputees. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that right transtibial amputees should be instructed not to drive with a 2-footed technique, and that they have similar pedal response times using their prosthesis when compared with a left-sided accelerator.     

前交叉韧带重建术后在医院康复治疗时间对康复效果的影响

目的:探讨膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)重建术后患者在医院的康复时间对康复效果的影响,寻求安全、有效、便于患者自行实施的康复模式。方法:对60例关节镜下ACL重建的患者随机分为:治疗A组20例,术后6周坚持来医院进行康复训练;治疗B组20例,定期来医院接受康复治疗(术后第1—3天及术后第2周、第4周、第6周的某一天,共6d);对照组20例,回家自行训练。术后第12周后进行KT-1000试验及Lysholm评分。结果:KT-1000试验三组间差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。Lysholm评分:治疗A组与治疗B组明显高于对照组(P0.01),治疗A组与B组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论:前交叉韧带重建术后坚持在医院连续康复治疗6周或定期来医院进行康复治疗都可以安全有效地恢复膝关节的功能,达到理想的治疗效果,比没在医院接受康复治疗的患者能更早恢复膝关节功能。     

Hop testing provides a reliable and valid outcome measure during rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although various hop tests have been proposed as performance-based outcome measures following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, limited reports of their measurement properties exist. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and longitudinal validity of data obtained from hop tests during rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction. SUBJECTS: Forty-two patients, 15 to 45 years of age, who had undergone ACL reconstruction participated in the study. METHODS AND MEASURES: The study design was prospective and observational with repeated measures. The subjects performed a series of 4 hop tests on 3 separate occasions within the 16th week following surgery and on a fourth occasion 6 weeks later. The tests were a single hop for distance, a 6-m timed hop, a triple hop for distance, and crossover hops for distance. Performance on the ACL-reconstructed limb was expressed as a percentage of the performance on the nonoperative limb, termed the "limb symmetry index." Subjects also completed the Lower Extremity Functional Scale and a global rating of change questionnaire. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients for limb symmetry index values ranged from .82 to .93. Standard errors of measurement were 3.04% to 5.59%. Minimal detectable changes, at the 90% confidence level, were 7.05% to 12.96%. Changes in hop test scores on the operative limb were statistically greater than changes on the nonoperative limb. Pearson correlations (r) between change in hop performances and self-reported measures ranged from .26 to .58. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results show that the described series of hop tests provide a reliable and valid performance-based outcome measure for patients undergoing rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction. These findings support the use and facilitate the interpretation of hop tests for research and clinical practice.     

运动员前交叉韧带重建术后康复程序对其骨隧道的影响

目的:探讨运动员前交叉韧带(ACL)重建术后康复程序与其骨隧道扩大之间的关系。方法:ACL损伤术后的运动员患者29例,分为对照组(A组)9例、传统康复组(B组)10例和快速康复组(C组)10例,分别予以不同的康复程序。术后1周、6周、24周、1年分别进行磁共振成像(MRI)测量骨隧道直径。结果:3组术后6周、24周及1年时胫骨隧道内口、中点、外口直径及骨隧道直径扩大百分比均呈逐渐提高(P<0.05,0.01),但术后24周与术后1年比较差异无统计学意义;各时间点B、C组胫骨隧道内口直径、中点直径、外口直径扩大及骨隧道直径扩大百分比均较A组明显(P<0.05,0.01),且C组更高于B组(P<0.05,0.01)。结论:早期术后康复训练会导致骨隧道有所扩大;术后24周以后骨隧道直径基本稳定;骨隧道内口扩大较其它部位明显。康复训练方案应注意时间点的选择。     

Influence of Left- and Right-Side Total Hip Arthroplasty on the Ability to Perform an Emergency Stop While Driving a Car

Objective

To show the possible effect of left- and right-side total hip arthroplasty (THA) on the ability to perform an emergency stop when driving a car.

Design

Inception cohort.

Setting

A driving simulator using an actual car cabin, specifically developed for the experiment, was used for testing driving ability.

Participants

Patients (N=40; 20 left-side THA/20 right-side THA) were tested preoperatively and in increments of 8 days and 6, 12, and 52 weeks after surgery.

Interventions

Left- and right-side THA.

Main Outcome Measures

Reaction time, movement time, total brake response time (TBRT), and maximum brake force.

Results

Eight days postoperatively, measurements on driving performance indicated a slight worsening for all outcome parameters in patients after left-side THA and considerably more worsening in patients after right-side THA. For both patient groups, significant improvements in outcome measures were noted during the 1-year follow-up. Brake force declined significantly in patients with left-side THA (P=.012) and in patients after right-side THA (P<.001). A total of 35% of the patients with right-side THA and 15% with left-side THA could not meet the 600ms TBRT threshold 6 weeks postoperatively.

Conclusions

Most patients who underwent right-side THA reached their preoperative baseline 6 weeks after surgery. Most of the patients with left-side THA showed no TBRT limitations 8 days postoperatively. Because of the patients' highly individual rehabilitation course and considering the possible consequences of the premature resumption of driving a motor vehicle, individual examination and recommendation are necessary.     

膝关节前交叉韧带重建的生物学及生物力学特性

目的通过总结前交叉韧带重建的生物学及生物力学特性,探讨早期锻炼对膝关节前交叉韧带重建后移植物愈合及膝关节运动功能恢复的作用.资料来源应用计算机检索MEDLINE1970-01/2004-01期间有关膝关节前交叉韧带重建及其生物力学特征的文献,检索词"anterior cruciate ligament,knee ioint,biomechanics",并限定文章语言种类为英文.资料选择对资料进行初审,选择有关膝关节前交叉韧带重建及其生物力学特征的文献,开始查找全文.选择随机对照类文章,当同一作者有多篇文章时,选择病例数最多的予以纳入;排除综述类及Mete分析类文章.质量评价主要考察资料的真实性,调查、实施过程是否严密.资料提炼共检索到46篇有关膝关节前交叉韧带重建及其生物力学特征的文章,29篇符合以上纳入标准,排除的17篇文章中,9篇为小样本分析,8篇为综述类或Mete分析类文章.资料综合通过了解正常前交叉韧带的生物力学特征制定重建措施及康复计划指导.重建后前交叉韧带动物实验提示膝关节运动功能恢复均不理想,而人体实验结果优于动物.随机对照实验表明,前交叉韧带重建后立即持重不增加膝关节的松弛性,反而有利于减轻髌骨疼痛.结论前交叉韧带损伤重建后固定膝关节,限制关节周围肌肉收缩活动,导致韧带、关节及周围肌肉运动功能受限.早期康复锻炼可以减轻疼痛,改善关节软骨代谢,防止关节囊挛缩,有助于重建后膝关节前交叉韧带运动功能的恢复.     

Effects of distally fixated versus nondistally fixated leg extensor resistance training on knee pain in the early period after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nondistally fixated (ie, what is often referred to as "open kinetic chain" [OKC]) knee extensor resistance training appears to have lost favor for some forms of rehabilitation due partly to concerns that this exercise will irritate the extensor mechanism. In this randomized, single-blind clinical trial, nondistally fixated versus distally fixated (ie, often called "closed kinetic chain" [CKC]) leg extensor training were compared for their effects on knee pain. SUBJECTS: Forty-three patients recovering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery (34 male, 9 female; mean age=29 years, SD=7.9, range=16-54). METHODS: Knee pain was measured at 2 and 6 weeks after ACL reconstruction surgery using visual analog scales in a self-assessment questionnaire and during maximal isometric contractions of the knee extensors. Between test sessions, subjects trained 3 times per week using either OKC or CKC resistance of their knee and hip extensors as part of their physical therapy. RESULTS: No differences in knee pain were found between the treatment groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Open kinetic chain and CKC leg extensor training in the early period after ACL reconstruction surgery do not differ in their immediate effects on anterior knee pain. Based on these findings, further studies are needed using different exercise dosages and patient groups.     

Effects of acceleration training 24 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on proprioceptive and dynamic balancing functions

[Purpose] The present study aimed to investigate whether the effects of rehabilitation exercise performed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on proprioceptive sensory and dynamic balancing functions differ between males and females. [Subjects and Methods] Eighteen subjects aged between 20–30 years enrolled in this study. The ages did not significantly differ between the males and females. The rehabilitation exercise program was performed three times per week for 12 weeks (3 months), and was initiated immediately after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Thereafter, the patients visited the hospital once per week to perform rehabilitation exercise during weeks 12–24 (3–6 months), and education on self-exercise and assessments were conducted during the visits. Self-exercise was performed two times per week according to the determined program. [Results] The extension active joint position sense, extension passive joint position sense, and flexion passive joint position sense of the affected and unaffected knees did not show any interaction effects between the measurement periods or between the groups. In the case of the affected knee, the results of two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant difference between the measurement periods or between the groups; moreover, no, interaction effects were observed between the measurement periods or between the groups. In the case of the unaffected knee, although no significant difference was observed between the measurement periods, significant differences were observed between the groups. [Conclusion] In conclusion, this study revealed that most knee rehabilitation exercise training programs can be applied to both genders during the recovery period after ACL reconstruction, except for the knee rotational feedback/feedforward function exercise that may exhibit different effects based on the gender.Key words: Anterior cruciate ligament, Reconstruction, Proprioceptive     

单隧道四股半腱肌股薄肌肌腱重建前交叉韧带后的康复训练

【目的】探讨采用单隧道四股半腱肌股薄肌肌腱重建前交叉韧带后的康复训练方法,总结其近期康复效果。【方法】对49例前交叉韧带断裂的患者采用单隧道四股半腱肌股薄肌肌腱进行重建,术后进行1年以上系统的康复指导。包括支具制动及肌力、活动度、本体感受器训练和肌肉牵张训练等。观察其可行性和效果。【结果】术后3个月,患者膝关节的活动度均恢复正常。术后12个月,患肢的股四头肌和胭绳肌峰力矩比值超过正常侧的82％。术后6个月,膝关节Lanchman试验和轴移试验均为阴性。术后6个月,膝关节功能评分为与术前相比差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。【结论】对于前交叉韧带损伤患者,在采用单隧道四股半腱肌股薄肌肌腱进行重建后进行此康复训练是安全有效的。     

Rehabilitation nach operativem Ersatz des vorderen Kreuzbandes

Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction largely contributes to the success of this procedure since negative events such as the development of arthrofibrosis can be prevented and the time to regain muscle strength and the return to sports can be diminished. Rehabilitation can be divided into four distinct phases that are characterized by different goals of treatment:

phase 1, preoperative: reduction of swelling and regaining range of motion,

phase 2, 2 weeks postoperative: wound healing, full extension, reduction of swelling,

phase 3, 3–6 weeks postoperative: increasing flexion, normal gait pattern,

phase 4, after 7 weeks: regaining muscle strength, return to sports.

Rehabilitation measures include various forms of physical therapy and systematic exercise training. Additional activities such as the use of functional bracing, electrical muscle stimulation, and motorized range-of-motion machines remain controversial. In all cases rehabilitation measures have to be adapted to the individual situation of the patient and should follow the goals of treatment according to the phases described above. Specific restrictions imposed by the surgeon must always be considered and regular visits to a physician are recommended throughout the rehabilitation phase. By adhering to current rehabilitation programs, full recovery and return to sports after ACL reconstruction can be achieved in most cases within 6–9 months after surgery.     

Adding high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to the first phase of post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation does not improve pain and function in young male athletes more than exercise alone: a randomized single-blind clinical trial

Abstract

Purpose: Knee ligamentous trauma and the following pain is one of the most prevalent athletic injuries. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is one of the conservative approaches in controlling pain which is low cost, noninvasive, and safe with low complications. Our purpose was to study whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could help athletes perform better during the first phase of rehabilitation (0–4?weeks) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery and until the follow-up.

Methods: This randomized single blind (exercise instructor and assessor) clinical trial was performed on 70 male athletes, undergone ACL surgery. After the surgery, patients were randomly divided into two groups: the first group received semi-supervised exercise plus high-frequency TENSTENS for 35?min a day and the second group only performed exercises. Treatment duration continued for 20 sessions, 4?weeks. The visual analog scale (VAS) score (100?mm), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) questionnaire and knee flexion Range of motion (ROM) were evaluated for all patients after the surgery (before commencing the rehabilitation program), after 4?weeks and 14?weeks from the surgery.

Results: Mixed ANOVA was used to explore the interaction effects of time and group on outcome measures and post hoc additional tests were performed on the data. The VAS, IKDC questionnaire score and knee flexion ROM increased in both groups over time, but the amount of improvement did not differ between the two groups, implying no additional improvement in the group receiving TENS along with exercises.

Conclusion: The findings of the present trial shows that adding TENS to a specific protocol of semi-supervised exercise in the first phase of rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction is not efficient on improving knee function and pain more than exercise alone.

• Implications for Rehabilitation

• Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is a common injury specifically in athletes.

• Incorporating effective pain relieving strategies during the post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery rehabilitation could lead to improvement in regaining the range of motion and function of the knee which is of crucial importance after the surgery.

• Applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation alongside a specific protocol of semi-supervised exercise in the first phase of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction did not have any additional effect to exercise alone.

     

Sex differences in knee strength deficit 1?year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

[Purpose] Little is known about the outcome differences between men and women after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare knee muscle strength between men and women 1 year after ACL reconstruction. [Subjects and Methods] Retrospective and outcome study. Between 2012 and 2015, 35 males (mean age, 29.7 ± 010.7 years) and 35 females (mean age, 28.2 ± 11.3 years) who had undergone primary ACL reconstruction were recruited from Samsung medical centers. We assessed the strength deficit in the quadriceps (extensor) and hamstrings (flexor) at 60°/sec and 180°/sec with isokinetic testing equipment. Statistical analysis was conducted with a t-test to determine if sex differences existed in knee strength deficit. [Results] Significant differences were noted between men and women with respect to extensor muscle strength deficit. Women reported less extensor muscle strength than men did, at the angular velocities 60°/sec and 180°/sec. However, no significant sex differences were found at either velocity with respect to the strength deficit of the knee flexor muscles. [Conclusion] Compared to male patients, female patients reported significantly less extensor muscle strength and less improvement 1 year after reconstruction.Key words: Anterior cruciate ligament, Sex, Female     

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by using otogenous [correction of otogeneous] hamstring tendons with home-based rehabilitation

We investigated patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using otogenous hamstring tendons with a cross-pin technique to compare a post-operative home-based rehabilitation programme with a clinic-based programme. ACL reconstruction was performed on 104 patients (103 male) by the same surgeon. The mean age of the patients was 31.5 years (range 18 - 43 years) and the mean time interval between injury and operation was 34.3 months. Patients were randomly allocated to either a home-based (n = 52) or clinic-based rehabilitation programme (n = 52). Mean follow-up was 31.1 months (range 12 - 66 months). Patients underwent a series of examinations before and after surgery in order to evaluate functional recovery of their injured knee. The results demonstrated that using otogeneous hamstring tendons for ACL reconstruction was safe and produced satisfactory results. The study also demonstrated that a home-based rehabilitation programme was as effective as a clinic-based programme.     

变速变阻力运动训练对前交叉韧带损伤重建术后的疗效

目的:观察变速变阻力运动训练对前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤后关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱重建术后患者的康复疗效.方法:ACL损伤后自体腘绳肌腱重建术后患者60例,随机分为研究组和对照组各30例,2组均接受常规康复治疗,研究组加用变速变阻力运动训练.治疗12及24周时分别测定患肢股四头肌和腘绳肌峰力距(PT)并给予Lysholm膝关节功能量表评定(LKSS).结果:术后第24周,2组患者患肢股四头肌和腘绳肌PT、LKSS评分均较术后第12周明显提高,且研究组PT、LKSS评分提高幅度更高于对照组(均P＜0.05).结论:对于ACL损伤重建术后患者,变速变阻力运动训练较常规康复治疗更有利于其膝关节功能恢复.     

前交叉韧带重建术后患者的等速肌力训练和疗效评定

目的:研究用Biodex system 3多关节等速肌力评定及训练系统对ACL重建术后患者肌力的影响。方法:将50例行ACL重建术后的患者随机分成试验组25例(等速训练患侧肌力)和对照组25例(等张训练患侧肌力)并分别进行功能训练,在术后第12、24周进行等速向心肌力测试。结果:术后第12、24周对患者进行膝关节等速向心肌力测试,试验组膝屈、伸肌患侧峰力矩/健侧峰力矩比值明显高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),试验组在30°时的股内侧肌患侧峰力矩/健侧峰力矩比值明显高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:通过等速训练进行系统的康复治疗可使膝关节ACL重建术后的患者短期(6个月)达到健侧屈伸肌力水平,并能达到运动水平。     

Isokinetic evaluation of quadriceps and hamstrings symmetry following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, isokinetic muscle parameters are commonly measured to assess the dynamic status of the knee and to monitor progress in rehabilitation. This study evaluated the symmetry of the quadriceps and hamstrings musculature in postsurgical and contralateral normal limbs of subjects who had undergone one of two types of ACL reconstruction. Subjects were also evaluated for differences on selected isokinetic parameters between types of surgery and lengths of postoperative periods. Postsurgical and normal contralateral limbs of 46 subjects aged 18 to 49 years (mean, 23.7 years) were divided into groups according to type of autogenous intraarticular ACL substitute and length of postoperative period. Results of paired t-tests and analyses of variance indicated significant asymmetries between limbs for all measures of quadriceps and hamstrings musculature strength and endurance (p less than .001) irrespective of the type of reconstruction technique. Average surgical knee deficits in hamstrings endurance were significantly less for the long-term (41 to 101 months) follow-up group (1.9%) than for the intermediate (24 to 40 months) group (12.1%). The results suggest that extended periods of time are required to approximate hamstrings endurance symmetry after ACL reconstruction. Asymmetries between postsurgical and contralateral normal limbs in these subjects may reflect either incomplete rehabilitation or an inability to regain full isokinetic strength and endurance after ACL reconstruction.     

A comparison of driving errors in patients with left or right hemispheric lesions after stroke

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of driving errors among patients with left or right hemispheric lesions due to stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty stroke patients participated in the study. Driving errors were assessed using a virtual reality driving simulator. [Results] Significant differences were shown in center line crossing frequency, accident rate, brake reaction time, total driving error scores, and overall driving safety between participants with left or right hemispheric lesions. [Conclusion] Driving rehabilitation specialists should consider hemispheric function when teaching driving skills to stroke survivors, because patients with lesions in the left or right hemispheres after stroke show differences in driving skills.Key words: Stroke, Driving error, Hemispheric lesion     

Neuromuscular training versus strength training during first 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a 6-month neuromuscular training (NT) program versus a traditional strength training (ST) program following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. SUBJECTS: Seventy-four subjects with ACL reconstruction participated in the study. METHODS: The study was a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial. The NT and ST groups were tested preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months. The main outcome measure was the Cincinnati Knee Score. Secondary outcome measures were visual analog scales (VASs) for pain and function, the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), hop tests, isokinetic muscle strength, proprioception, and static and dynamic balance tests. RESULTS: The NT group demonstrated significantly improved Cincinnati Knee Scores and VAS scores for global knee function compared with the ST group at the 6-month follow-up. There were no significant differences between the groups for the other outcome measures (ie, hop, balance, proprioception, and muscle strength tests). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that exercises included in the NT program should be part of the rehabilitation program following ACL reconstruction.     

前交叉韧带切断兔外侧半月板中白细胞介素1β的表达

背景:研究证明,膝关节前交叉韧带切断后,白细胞介素1β是关节软骨退变中一个重要的调控因子,然而白细胞介素1β在外侧半月板退变中有何作用,未见文献报道.目的:观察兔前交叉韧带切断后外侧半月板中白细胞介素1β阳性表达率的变化并探讨其意义.方法:6月龄雄性新西兰大白兔48只,将兔膝关节配对为实验侧和对照侧造模.实验侧行前交叉韧带切断手术,制作兔前交叉韧带断裂模型;对照侧显露前交叉韧带但不行切断.造模后第1,3,6,8周,分别麻醉下随机处死兔12只.进行大体观察和外侧半月板组织学退变评分,免疫组织化学检测白细胞介素1β阳性表达率.结果与结论:前交叉韧带切断后,随时间延长,实验侧外侧半月板组织学退变评分逐渐增高,实验侧各时间组织学退变评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05).各时间点实验侧白细胞介素1β阳性表达率均较对照组增高(P<0.05);第3,6周实验侧白细胞介素1β表达阳性率高于第1,8周(P<0.05),第8周高于第1周(P< 0.05).结果表明,兔前交叉韧带切断后实验侧白细胞介素1β阳性表达率增高,提示自细胞介素1β参与了外侧半月板组织的退变.白细胞介素1β阳性表达率降低并不表示外侧半月板组织退变结束.     

关节镜下异体骨-髌腱-骨前交叉韧带重建术围手术期的护理

目的探讨膝关节镜下异体骨-髌腱-骨前交叉韧带(ACL)重建术后早期功能锻炼的方法,最大限度地减少合并症及功能障碍等不良反应。方法对8例前交叉韧带损伤患者实施异体骨-髌腱前交叉韧带重建术,术后通过使用可调式支具外固定、被动活动器(CPM)、被动及主动功能锻炼等康复护理。结果8例术后均获随访,时间为27~77个月,平均41个月。按Lukianov的ACL重建术后功能评定标准,优8例。随访结果显示,术前7例Lanchman试验阳性,术后均阴性;术前6例前抽屉试验阳性,术后均呈阴性;术前6例有明显膝关节不稳定感,术后均消失;术后8例功能锻炼后膝关节活动度可达0~90°。结论ACL重建术后早期进行综合康复训练明显有利于膝关节功能的恢复。