Nono蛋白的原核表达、纯化和多克隆抗体的制备

目的表达和纯化带多聚组氨酸(6×His)标签的Nono(non-POU-domain-containing,octamer-bindingprotein)融合蛋白并制备抗Nono多克隆抗体。方法构建pET-28a( )-Nono重组表达质粒,转入Rosetta(DE3)大肠埃希菌,以IPTG诱导6×His-Nono融合蛋白表达,经镍离子金属螯合树脂纯化后,用纯化出的蛋白免疫BALB/C小鼠制备多克隆抗体,并用ELISA检测多克隆抗体的效价,Western印迹检测多克隆抗体的特异性。结果在大肠埃希菌中诱导出高水平表达的His-Nono融合蛋白,经亲和树脂纯化后免疫小鼠,获得了高特异性的抗Nono抗血清。结论成功构建pET-28a( )-Nono原核表达质粒,表达并纯化出高纯度的目标蛋白,制备出高滴度、高特异性的多克隆抗体。     

肺炎链球菌假想蛋白SPD0873的表达纯化及保守性分析

目的 通过构建原核表达载体,获得纯化的肺炎链球菌S.pn重组假想蛋白SPD0873,并制备多克隆抗体,进一步分析其在常见S.pn菌株中的保守性.方法 分离培养D39型肺炎链球菌,获取其基因组DNA.利用PCR方法扩增去除信号肽的spd0873序列,采用基因体外重组法将spd0873序列克隆到原核表达载体pET-32(a)内,测序鉴定.将重组质粒转化到E.coli Rossetta(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导大量表达融合6个组氨酸标签的SPD0873重组蛋白,经Ni-NTA树脂纯化后,获得的重组蛋白用SDS-PAGE和Western 印迹鉴定;将鉴定后纯化的蛋白免疫BALB/C小鼠制备多克隆抗体,并用间接ELISA检测多克隆抗体的效价,Western 印迹方法分析多克隆抗体的特异性,同时,鉴定该蛋白在5种常见肺炎链球菌分离株的保守性.结果 克隆的spd0873序列与GenBank中的数据相符,并实现了SPD0873蛋白高水平的可溶表达.纯化蛋白免疫BALB/C小鼠获得高滴度、高特异性的的多克隆抗体,Western 印迹验证SPD0873蛋白在5株常见肺炎链球菌菌株中均有表达.结论 成功制备了高滴度、高特异性的SPD0873蛋白多克隆抗体,同时,检测到SPD0873蛋白在5种常见的肺炎链球菌菌株中非常保守,为研究该蛋白的生物学功能及肺炎链球菌多肽联合疫苗的研制奠定了基础.     

牙龈卟啉菌外膜蛋白RagB的基因克隆、原核表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的:克隆牙龈卟啉菌外膜蛋白RagB基因、原核表达并制备牙龈卟啉菌外膜蛋白RagB多克隆抗体。方法:根据牙龈卟啉菌外膜蛋白RagB的DNA序列,设计特异性引物并经PCR扩增其基因。扩增产物经鉴定和测序分析后,与质粒pET-32a(+)重组形成pET-32a-ragB,继而转化大肠埃希菌。IPTG诱导重组蛋白的表达,再通过Ni-NTA亲和层析柱纯化后,用SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot鉴定;获得的重组蛋白行常规家兔免疫,以制备多克隆抗体,并应用ELISA测定抗体效价。结果:PCR扩增获得编码区全长为1506bp可编码501个氨基酸的RagB基因,测序结果与GenBank公布的序列(AJ130872)完全一致;构建了pET-32a-ragB原核表达载体,获得了高表达的融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot表明具有较高的纯度;ELISA结果显示,特异性兔抗RagB的多克隆抗体效价为1×105。结论:在成功构建牙龈卟啉菌外膜蛋白RagB原核表达载体的基础上,高效表达及纯化了RagB融合蛋白,并制备了高效价的多克隆抗体。为进一步开展牙龈卟啉菌疫苗研究、建立牙龈卟啉菌感染的实验室诊断方法奠定了基础。     

小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因特异片段的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的 克隆小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因特异片段,制备小鼠Klotho多克隆抗体.方法 以小鼠基因组为模板进行PCR,克隆了小鼠膜型抗衰老蛋白Klotho基因外显子Ⅳ部分序列,经BamHⅠ和NheⅠ双酶切后定向克隆到质粒pET-GST中,构建原核表达质粒pET-GST-Klotho,转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达.以重组GST-Klotho融合蛋白免疫家兔, 制备Klotho多克隆抗体.结果 表达产物经SDS-PAGE检测表明,在大肠埃希菌中成功表达了GST-Klotho融合蛋白,GST-Klotho融合蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白的15 %左右;另外通过ELISA法测得抗血清抗体效价约为1∶ 10 000,Western印迹分析验证了抗体特异性.结论 GST-Klotho融合蛋白的表达和Klotho多克隆抗体的制备为进一步研究Klotho蛋白在小鼠体内的表达模式以及相关抗衰老药物的研制奠定了基础.     

柯萨奇病毒B组5型非结构蛋白3C表达纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

目的 表达和纯化柯萨奇病毒(CVB5)非结构蛋白3C,免疫雄性大鼠制备多克隆抗体.方法 通过酶切质粒获取3C基因序列,构建到原核表达系统大肠埃希菌中诱导表达重组的3C蛋白,使用镍柱亲和层析法纯化重组蛋白,十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和考马斯亮蓝染色法(BSA)对重组蛋白的纯度与浓度进行分析,重组的3C蛋白作为抗原,免疫雄性SPF级大鼠获得多抗血清,用ELISA测定抗体效价并Western印迹检测抗体特异性,用该抗体检测病毒在细胞内的复制.结果 构建了重组表达载体命名为3C-pET-28a,并在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达重组3C蛋白.ELISA测定制备的多抗血清效价为1:500 000,Western印迹检测在EV71、CVA16中都有交叉反应,并确定病毒感染细胞后24 h开始复制.结论 实验成功地利用原核表达系统表达柯萨奇病毒非结构蛋白3C,为进一步研究柯萨奇病毒的感染机理以及疫苗制备提供了基础.     

PBDC1蛋白的表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的原核表达、纯化PBDC1蛋白,制备PBDC1多克隆抗体。方法将PBDC1基因克隆到pET-28a(+)质粒中,构建成重组质粒pET-28a(+)-PBDC1。将此重组质粒转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)后,IPTG诱导其在宿主菌中大量表达,并进行SDS-PAGE检测。经镍离子亲和柱纯化得到PBDC1融合蛋白,并以此免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体。结果经质谱鉴定,获得了高纯度的PBDC1蛋白。经Western blot验证,获得了抗PBDC1蛋白的多克隆抗体。结论成功获得抗PBDC1蛋白的多克隆抗体,为研究PBDC1在红系分化中的功能提供了有利工具。     

中国旱獭β2m基因的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的 克隆、原核表达中国旱獭β2m基因,并制备多克隆抗体.方法 利用RT-PCR技术从中国旱獭脾细胞中扩增β2m基因,克隆至pET28a(+)质粒,构建原核表达载体pET-28a(+)-CWβ2m,再转化宿主菌Rosetta(DE3)pLacI诱导其表达.使用切胶回收纯化目的蛋白,将纯化蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,并采用酶联免疫吸附实验检测抗体的灵敏度和特异性.结果 克隆出的中国旱獭β2m基因,与GenBank已公布的土拨鼠的碱基序列一致;Western印迹结果显示克隆的β2m基因能在大肠埃希菌中高效表达,免疫家兔获得了高效价的多克隆抗体.结论 成功克隆了中国旱獭β2m基因,在原核宿主中进行了高效表达,获得的多克隆抗体具有较高的效价.为人工制备MHC-Ⅰ类分子复合物,深入研究嗜肝病毒感染过程中特异性CTL应答和效应机制奠定了基础.     

小鼠肺炎链球菌脂蛋白SPD_1609多克隆抗体的制备

目的制备肺炎链球菌脂蛋白SPD_1609的小鼠多克隆抗体。方法通过PCR扩增肺炎链球菌D39菌株中的spd_1609基因,连接到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1上,构建重组质粒pGEX-4T-1609。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用异丙基β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶-SPD_1609(GST-1609)融合蛋白。利用GST亲和层析柱纯化GST-1609融合蛋白,纯化后的融合蛋白用凝血酶(thrombin)外切酶切掉GST标签,进一步通过GST亲和层析得到SPD_1609蛋白。用纯化的不含GST标签的SPD_1609蛋白免疫小鼠,制备多克隆抗体,用ELISA检测抗体的效价, Western blot法检测抗体的特异性。结果成功构建了原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1609,经GST亲和层析柱分离纯化后可得到相对分子质量(M_r)35 000的SPD_1609蛋白,蛋白纯度在95%以上。ELISA检测结果显示纯化后的SPD_1609蛋白可诱导小鼠产生特异性免疫应答,免疫小鼠血清抗体的效价达1∶40 960, Western blot法检测显示此多克隆抗体可以特异地识别原核表达和肺炎链球菌细胞内表达的SPD_1609蛋白。结论成功制备具有较好特异性的SPD_1609蛋白的小鼠多克隆抗体。     

人高致病性H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白多克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的 制备高灵敏度和高特异性的人高致病性H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白抗体并对其效价进行初步评估.方法 构建含有H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1序列的pET-28a(+)重组载体的大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3),诱导表达NS1蛋白,并经Ni-NTA色谱柱亲和层析纯化获得NS1重组蛋白,并进行SDS-PAGE和Western Blot鉴定.以纯化的蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰大白兔,获得兔抗NS1血清,亲和纯化获得多克隆抗体.应用ELISA和Western Blot检测纯化抗体的效价和特异性.结果 NS1融合蛋白得到高表达,且纯度＞90％,用该融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔后得到的抗NS1多克隆抗体,效价达1∶80 000,并特异性识别H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白.结论 获得了NS1多克隆抗体,具有较好的效价和特异性.     

大鼠细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1基因的原核克隆表达和免疫学分析

目的 克隆表达大鼠细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1基因(SOCS-1).方法 将大鼠SOCS-1全长编码基因的PCR产物,克隆到原核表达质粒pET-28a(+)中,构建重组质粒pET-28a(+)-ratSOCS-1.转化大肠埃希菌BL-21/DE3,用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,应用镍离子金属螯合剂亲和层析柱从表达产物中纯化重组蛋白,通过十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对表达产物和重组蛋白进行鉴定.应用纯化的重组蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,抗体滴度达到1:10000以上后进行末次免疫,2周后心脏取血、测定滴度,分离制备免疫血清.用红细胞裂解法制备大鼠外周血白细胞裂解全蛋白.将阴性血清(未用重组蛋白免疫的新西兰大白兔的血清)、免疫血清及兔抗组氨酸标签抗体转入各蛋白条带,用Western免疫印迹检测重组蛋白的免疫学活性.结果 PCR、双酶切及DNA测序分析均表明重组质粒pET-28a(+)-ratSOCS-1构建成功.SDS-PAGE结果可见转化了重组质粒的大肠埃希菌全菌和经超声裂解后的菌体沉淀的样品均在相对分子质量约26 000处有一明显的蛋白条带,经亲和层析获得的纯化重组蛋白有特异的单一条带与上述条带一致,而在超声裂解后的菌体上清中相同位置却未见有蛋白表达条带.Western免疫印迹表明重组蛋白、大鼠外周血白细胞裂解蛋白中相对分子质量约24000的蛋白条带、兔抗组氨酸标签抗体均可被免疫血清识别,分别出现清晰的相对分子质量26000、24 000、26000的反应条带,表明其具有免疫活性.结论 SOCS-1基因可以在大肠埃希菌BL-21/DE3中获得表达,其纯化重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性和免疫活性.     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

纳米水平分子成像与诊疗一体化研究进展与挑战

分子成像能以非侵入性的方式重现活体细胞的生理功能和生物学过程,提高疾病的早期和特异性诊断水平。纳米颗粒/材料具有物理性质可控性高、易于表面修饰、血液循环时间长和可功能化等优点,在疾病诊断与治疗中显示出巨大潜力。但如何阐明纳米材料多功能间的内在联系、解决其代谢及安全性等关键机制难题、实现纳米颗粒/材料多功能性到临床多功能...