Significance of preoperative elevation of serum C-reactive protein as an indicator of prognosis in esophageal carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Preoperative elevation of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) has been reported to be a prognostic indicator in gastric carcinoma and colorectal carcinoma. The aim of this study was to establish the significance of preoperative elevation of serum CRP as an indicator of prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. METHODS: Two hundred sixty-two patients with esophageal carcinoma who had been treated by esophageal resection and reconstruction of digestive tracts were evaluated, excluding patients with neoplasms in other organs. Preoperative serum CRP was measured, and the relation between the elevation of serum CRP and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of the patients was investigated. RESULTS: The mean size of the tumors and the proportions of lymph node metastasis and lymphatic invasion were significantly larger in patients with preoperative elevation of serum CRP than in patients without preoperative elevation of serum CRP (5.8 +/- 2.5 cm versus 4.8 +/- 2.5 cm, P <0.01, 59.5% versus 35.4%, P <0.001, and 35.7% versus 23.6%, P <0.05, respectively). 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in patients with preoperative elevation of serum CRP (60.6%, 18.4%, and 11.5%, respectively) were significantly lower than those in patients without preoperative elevation of serum CRP (88.7%, 70.9%, and 68.4%, respectively; P <0.0001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the preoperative elevation of serum CRP was an independent prognostic factor in esophageal carcinoma (P <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative serum elevation of CRP can be a marker of the malignant potential of the tumor and an independent prognostic indicator in esophageal carcinoma.     

Significance of preoperative oral rehydration therapy

Recently, European countries and US have issued the practice guidelines for preoperative fasting, and there is a trend of shortening the fating time before surgery. In Japan, some institutions have just started to use an oral rehydration therapy by oral rehydration solutions, which is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate dehydration, and in the preoperative water and electrolyte management. Besides shortening the fasting time, water and electrolytes can be adequately given to the patients by oral rehydration therapy Currently, this therapy is gaining a widespread attention, because it can improve patients' satisfaction for preoperative care and is also a safe and efficient medical treatment.     

Significance of preoperative ultrasound measurement of gallbladder wall thickness

Evaluation of patients with signs and symptoms of biliary tract disease usually includes ultrasound assessment of the gallbladder. Does measurement of the thickness of the gallbladder wall yield any significant information to the clinical surgeon? The records of all my patients undergoing cholecystectomy since 1990 were reviewed. The entire series consists of 401 consecutive patients, in whom 388 procedures were completed laparoscopically, with 14 patients requiring conversion to an open cholecystectomy. Each patient's preoperative evaluation included a gallbladder ultrasound, which included measurement of the diameter of the gallbladder wall. The entire series of cholecystectomies was evaluated according to the ultrasound measured diameter of the gallbladder wall. A thin gallbladder wall was less than 3 mm in diameter. A thick gallbladder wall was 3 mm or greater in diameter. Of the 401 consecutive patients who underwent cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallbladder disease, 86 (21.5%) were removed laparoscopically for acalculous disease. Eleven per cent of patients with acalculous cholecystitis had acute cholecystitis and 89 per cent had chronic cholecystitis. Every patient with either a thin or thick gallbladder wall with acalculous cholecystitis had a successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Three-hundred fifteen patients had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for calculous cholecystitis. In patients with calculous cholecystitis, 28.3 per cent had acute cholecystitis and 71.7 per cent had chronic cholecystitis. The gallbladder wall was found to be greater than 3 mm in 38 per cent of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis and greater than 3 mm in 41 per cent of patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis. One-hundred, forty-two patients, out of a series total of 401, had a gallbladder wall thickness greater than 3 mm by preoperative sonography and 14 of these patients (10%) required conversion to an open cholecystectomy. A preoperative gallbladder ultrasound evaluation for symptomatic cholecystitis, which documents a thick gallbladder wall (> or =3 mm) with calculi, is a clinical warning for the laparoscopic surgeon of the potential for a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure which may require conversion to an open cholecystectomy procedure.     

Esthesioneuroblastomas. Could a preoperative chemotherapy improve their prognosis?

The prognosis of malignant tumours of the olfactory epithelium of the nasal vault stays very poor. In the literature, the 5-year actuarial survival rate ranges between 50% and 65%; the 5-year recovery rate is 15% due to the high frequency of locoregional reoccurrences (60%) and metastasis (35-40%). Up to now chemotherapy was suggested as palliative treatment; but as Esthesioneuroblastomas (ETNB) appear to be sensitive to several chemotherapeutic agents (such as CDDP and 5-FU), we have decided to administer, from now on, to all patients harbouring an ETNB, an inductive chemotherapy whatever the staging and eventual diffusion of the tumour. The present paper presents our recent experience, dealing with such lesions: since 1984, 60 tumours of the ethmoid were treated in our department among which 7 ETNB (11.5%). We discuss our results concerning ETNB.     

Cancer prognosis predicted by preoperative lymphocyte responsiveness in vitro.

The prognosis in cancer patients was studied in relation to their preoperative cell-mediated immune status. Thirty patients with various types of operable cancer were studied. Transformation of the lymphocytes in response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro was measured preoperatively. All the patients were followed up for 3 years. Those with normal preoperative lymphocyte responsiveness had a far better prognosis than those in whom this test was subnormal.     

术前纤维蛋白水平与结肠癌预后的关系

目的探讨术前纤维蛋白水平对结肠癌患者预后的预测价值,寻求结肠癌预后的新的预测指标。方法收集自2007年1月至2008年12月于我科就诊,并行根治性手术的结肠癌患者的临床资料。分别按照体重指数、肿瘤大小、分期、分化程度、大体分型、血管浸润情况、CEA水平、mGPS评分对患者进行分组,比较组间患者术前纤维蛋白水平的差异及术后生存情况的差异。结果本次研究共纳入结肠癌患者255例,患者的术前平均纤维蛋白水平为(3.17±0.88)g/L。不同肿瘤大小、分期、分化程度、大体分型、血管浸润情况、CEA、mGPS评分组患者术前纤维蛋白水平相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析结果显示术前纤维蛋白水平与结肠癌患者术后总体生存情况有关(P0.05)。结论术前纤维蛋白水平与结肠癌患者临床病理特征有关,可作为预测患者预后的指标之一。     

髋部骨折术前心力衰竭危险因素与预后分析

目的:探讨老年髋部骨折患者术前心力衰竭发生率、危险因素及术前心力衰竭与预后的关系。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年12月收治的1 569例老年髋部骨折患者,男522例,女1 047例;年龄81.00(75.00,90.00)岁;股骨转子间骨折896例,股骨颈骨折673例。根据术前是否发生心力衰竭将患者分为心力衰竭和无心力衰竭组,将心力衰竭设为因变量,自变量包括年龄、性别、骨折类型、并存病和血液学指标等,先进行单变量分析,将有统计学差异的自变量纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,得出术前心力衰竭发生的独立危险因素。比较心力衰竭组和无心力衰竭组患者住院时间、围手术期并发症、术后30d和1年的死亡率。结果:心力衰竭组患者91例,男40例,女51例;年龄82.00(79.00,87.00)岁;股骨转子间骨折55例,股骨颈骨折36例。无心力衰竭组患者1 478例,男482例,女996例;年龄81.00(75.00,86.00)岁;股骨转子间骨折841例,股骨颈骨折637例。两组患者年龄、性别、冠心病、心律失常和痴呆方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将具有统计学意义的因素...     

大肠癌术前CT仿真结肠镜检查的意义

目的 探讨CT仿真结肠镜(CTVC)对于大肠癌术前定性和定位的临床诊断的价值.方法 回顾性分析51例大肠癌患者术前行CTVC和结肠镜检查并手术治疗的影像资料和临床资料.结果 全组51例大肠癌患者均经手术和病理证实.术中证实CTVC的检出率为100％,结肠镜检查的检出率为92.0％.CTVC定位准确(100％),结肠镜检查定位符合率为93.6％.CTVC术前临床分期准确率是94.1％.结论 CTVC是一种无创的检查方法,可判断肠外浸润转移范围、在重度肠腔狭窄时观察近端肠段,综合分析肿瘤的性质和确定肿瘤的部位,并与结肠镜检查形成互补,对大肠癌的临床分期和选择手术方案具有重要的意义.     

Scoring system for the preoperative evaluation of metastatic spine tumor prognosis.

An assessment system for the prognosis of metastatic spine tumors was evaluated for 64 cases who had undergone surgery. Six parameters were employed in the assessment system: 1) the general condition, 2) the number of extraspinal bone metastases, 3) the number of metastases in the vertebral body, 4) metastases to the major internal organs (lungs, liver, kidneys, and brain), 5) the primary site of the cancer, and 6) the severity of spinal cord palsy. Each parameter ranged from 0 to 2 points. The total score obtained for each patient can be correlated with the prognosis, while being valuable in predicting it. However, the prognosis could not be predicted from a single parameter. In conclusion, an excisional operation should be performed on those cases who scored above 9 points, while a palliative operation is indicated for those who scored under 5 points.     

结直肠癌患者合并癌性贫血的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的分析结直肠癌合并癌性贫血患者临床病理特征及预后。方法回顾性分析2003年1月到2009年7月间广州医学院第二附属医院收治的354例结直肠癌患者的临床资料。将术前血红蛋白低于120g／L者定为癌性贫血。结果354例结直肠癌患者中男195例．女159例,年龄22-92（中位年龄65）岁。女性患者（P〈0．01）、术前白蛋白下降者（P〈0.01）、右半结肠癌患者（P〈0.01）及全层浸润者（P〈0.05）更易出现癌性贫血。Cox多因素预后分析显示,癌性贫血是影响术后总体生存的独立危险因素（HR=1．60,95％CI：1．05-2．44;P〈0.05）,但并不是影响术后无瘤生存的独立因素（HR=1．43．95％CI=0.97～2．12：P〉0.05）。结论合并癌性贫血在结直肠癌发展及预后中有重要作用．应引起临床关注。     

Significance of immediate preoperative bacteriuria with pyuria in renal transplant recipients

The presence of bacteriuria and pyuria on urinalysis immediately before renal transplantation has resulted in cancellation of surgery because of concern about post-transplant wound infection. Of 113 renal transplant recipients reviewed 41 (36 per cent) had 5 or more white blood cells per high power field with bacteria in either a voided urine or bladder washout specimen obtained just before grafting. Of those 41 patients 2 suffered postoperative wound infections. Of 72 patients (64 per cent) with less than 5 white blood cells or no bacteria on a preoperative specimen 1 suffered a wound infection (p not significant by Fisher's exact test). Preoperative urine cultures and operative bladder cultures of all 3 patients failed to yield the organisms found later in the wound infections. The factors of sex, insulin-dependent diabetes, delayed graft function, living related versus cadaver donor and pre-transplant splenectomy had no significant relationship to wound infection rates. Renal transplantation can be performed safely in patients who have pyuria and bacteriuria but no signs or symptoms of infection.     

术前等待时间对老年髋部骨折患者预后的影响

目的: 探讨术前等待时间与老年髋部骨折患者预后的关系。方法: 回顾分析2014年1月至2018年12月行手术治疗的333例老年髋部骨折患者,其中男104例,女229例;年龄60~99(77.93±8.49)岁;股骨颈骨折183例,股骨转子间骨折150例;269例(80.78%)患者术前等待时间2~8 d,根据术前等待时间分为<4 d组(91例)和 ≥ 4 d组(242例)。电话随访患者生存情况,随访时间为骨折入院至患者死亡,或至研究截止日期(2019年12月31日)。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Cox风险比例模型分析影响老年髋部骨折预后的独立危险因素。结果: 333例老年髋部骨折患者随访12~75个月,平均35个月,59例患者死亡,病死率为17.72%(59/333),其中 ≥ 4 d死亡50例,病死率20.66%(50/242)明显高于4 d内死亡(9.89%,9/91)(χ²=5.263,P=0.022)。多因素Cox回归分析显示术前等待时间,年龄,男性和Charlson合并症指数(Charlson comorbidity index,CCI)是老年髋部骨折预后的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);其中每延迟1 d手术,老年髋部骨折患者的死亡风险增加5%[HR=1.05,95%CI(1.00-1.10),P=0.045]。按CCI指数分层分析,术前等待时间 ≥ 4 d组在CCI<2分患者群中病死率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论: 针对老年髋部骨折患者,即使大部分医院暂时无法在48 h内实施手术,也应该努力缩短术前等待时间,从而改善其预后。     

术前纤维蛋白原水平对肝细胞癌微血管侵犯及预后的影响

目的 探讨术前血清纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)水平与肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion,MVI)的关系及FIB对根治切除术后HCC预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院2015年1月至2019年4月行根...     

The relationship of different preoperative inflammatory markers with the prognosis of gastric carcinoma

BackgroundIt is aimed to determine the prognostic values of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing curative surgery for gastric carcinoma and to contribute to the development of prognostic modeling.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of various different preoperative inflammatory markers on the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.Material and methodThe medical data and the mortality status of 91 patients who underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy operation for gastric carcinoma at Mersin City Training and Research Hospital between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed from the hospital records and patient files. The patients' demographic characteristics, tumor location, histopathological diagnosis, pathological stage, tumor markers, and preoperative inflammatory and hematological markers were analyzed. Based on these data, tumor stage, metastatic lymph node ratio (MLR), lactate dehydrogenase albumin ratio (LAR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated. The relationship between these parameters and postoperative survival was analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS for Windows, version 17.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, United States).ResultsThe correlation analysis of the parameters affecting survival showed that, in addition to an advanced tumor stage, inflammatory parameters like NLR, PLR, and LAR adversely affected survival.ConclusionPreoperative NLR, PLR, LAR, and advanced tumor stage may help determine the survival of gastric carcinoma patients. Multiple studies with larger series are needed on this subject.     

术前外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对肝内胆管细胞癌术后预后的影响

目的：探讨肝内胆管细胞癌（ICC）患者术前外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）对预后的影响。 方法：收集96例行肝部分切除的ICC患者临床病理资料。根据术前外周血NLR,将患者分为低NLR组（NLR<2.5）和高NLR（NLR≥2.5）组,比较两组总生存率与无复发生存时间;对影响预后的危险因素行单因素与多因素分析。 结果：全组术后1、3、5年总生存率分别为48%、35%、30%,其中高NLR组分别为37%、26%、22%;低NLR组分别为63%、49%、42%,两组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.016）。全组术后中位无复发生存时间为10.2个月,其中高NLR组为8.9个月,低NLR组为14.6个月,两组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.045）。单因素分析显示,患者总生存率与术前NLR以及术前CA19-9及CEA水平、淋巴结转移、肿瘤数目、肿瘤最大径、邻近器官侵犯、远处转移、TNM分期、手术类型等因素有关（均P<0.05）;多因素分析显示,术前NLR以及淋巴结转移、肿瘤数目、肿瘤最大径是影响患者术后总生存率的独立危险因素（均P<0.05）。单因素分析显示,患者术后无复发生存时间与术前NLR以及术前CA19-9及CEA水平、淋巴结转移、肿瘤数目、肿瘤最大径、远处转移、TNM分期、手术类型等因素有关（均P<0.05）;多因素分析显示,淋巴结转移、肿瘤数目、远处转移是影响患者术后无复发生存时间的独立危险因素（均P<0.05）。 结论：术前外周血NLR可作为ICC患者术后预后指标,NLR高者预后差。     

Significance of tumor size in the prognosis of stomach cancer

From 1974 to 1982, 261 patients with carcinoma of the stomach were operated upon. Early cancer was found in 4.6%, T4 in 38.3%. Lymph node involvement and distant metastases were discovered at the time of surgery in 68.2% or 14.6% respectively. In 29.9% the operative procedure was defined as curative by the surgeon, in 33.3% as questionable as to the curative effect. The operative mortality rate was 14.9%. 11.5% survived for more than 5 years. With increasing tumour size, operability and survival time diminished significantly.     

Significance of pelvic lymphadenectomy for the prognosis after radical cystectomy

OBJECTIVE: In contrast to other carcinomas such as breast or colon cancer, there are no guidelines regarding the number and location of lymph nodes to be removed during radical surgery in patients with invasive bladder carcinoma. The therapeutic effect of pelvic lymphadenectomy and its influence on tumour staging has not been documented yet. METHODS: Here we present an evaluation of pelvic lymph nodes from 484 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with curative intention between 1986 and 1999. The number of lymph nodes was correlated with the depth of invasion of the primary tumour, occurrence of nodal metastases, clinical outcome, the operating surgeon, and the pathologist. RESULTS: There were 484 patients with a mean age of 62.7 years. Clinical follow up was available from 321 patients with a mean follow up period of 35.9 months. The average number of lymph nodes removed was 14.3 (range: 1-46). The number of lymph nodes removed varied significantly between different surgeons and did not correlate with the pathologists. There was a significant correlation between the number of lymph nodes removed and the tumour-free survival in pT2 or pT3 tumours and in patients without lymph node metastases. Multivariate analysis revealed that pT-category (p < 0.01), pN-category (p < 0.01), and the total number of lymph nodes removed (p = 0.04) were the most important factors affecting survival. CONCLUSION: The more extensive lymphadenectomy significantly improved the prognosis of patients with invasive bladder cancer and therefore, represents a potentially curative procedure. The results indicate a need for a standardised lymph node dissection.     

术前合并肾功能不全对心脏移植受者预后的影响分析

目的  评估心脏移植术前合并肾功能不全对围手术期死亡和并发症发生及长期生存的影响,并比较术前血清肌酐（Scr）和估测肾小球滤过率（eGFR）在术前风险评估中的差异。方法  回顾性分析1 095例心脏移植受者的临床资料,根据术前Scr分为Scr < 133 μmol/L组（980例）、Scr 133~176 μmol/L组（83例）和Scr≥177 μmol/L组（32例）;根据术前eGFR分为eGFR≥90 mL/（min·1.73 m²）组（436例）、eGFR 60~89 mL/（min·1.73 m²）组（418例）和eGFR < 60 mL/（min·1.73 m²）组（241例）。分析不同分组受者术后肾功能的转归情况及围手术期和远期结局。评价eGFR和Scr对心脏移植术后肾功能损伤和远期生存的影响。结果  随着术前Scr升高,受者术后使用连续性肾脏替代治疗（CRRT）的比例增加,术后机械循环辅助的比例增加,术后并发症发生率增加,机械通气时间和重症监护室（ICU）入住时间延长,院内病死率增加,3组间差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。随着术前eGFR的下降,受者术后使用CRRT辅助的比例增加,术后使用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）的比例增加,机械通气时间和ICU入住时间延长,院内病死率增加,3组间差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。Scr≥177 μmol/L是受者术后死亡的独立危险因素[校正风险比（HR）3.64,95%可信区间（CI）1.89~6.99,P < 0.01]。以Scr及以eGFR为指标的分组中,3组间的术后肾功能损伤累积发生率和远期生存率差异均有统计学意义（均为P < 0.05）。术前Scr < 133 μmol/L的受者中,术后远期肾功能损伤随时间的累积发生率随术前eGFR降低而升高（P < 0.01）,而不同eGFR分层的患者术后远期生存率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论  心脏移植术前合并肾功能不全与围手术期和远期预后不良相关。心脏移植术前Scr和eGFR均是术后肾功能损伤发生的独立危险因素。Scr对于术前肾功能评估的灵敏度较低,但预测围手术期死亡风险的准确性更高。eGFR是术前评估肾功能更为敏感的指标,可以早期发现肾功能异常,早期采取有效措施从而减少对预后的不良影响。