内生场肿瘤热疗的临床应用

肿瘤热疗近20年来发展迅速,它与放疗化疗合并治疗,可降低放化疗剂量,减少放化疗毒副作用,对治疗中晚期病人,近期效果显示较好。1 病例资料 本组病例23例,男性19例,女性4例;其中肝癌10例,胰腺癌4例。胃癌2例,肺癌4例,膀胱癌2例,卵巢癌1例。2 治疗方法     

基于纳米热疗剂的肿瘤热化疗研究进展

鉴于热疗可以显著增加化疗药物的细胞毒性,因此将化疗与热疗联合使用,即热化疗,可以使化疗药物在较低浓度下达到较好的治疗效果.但是提高临床热化疗疗效的关键是实现对肿瘤部位的靶向性加热.为克服传统全身性热疗靶向性不足的缺陷,具有极高光热/磁热转化能力的纳米热疗剂已经成为目前相关领域的研究重点.特别是通过纳米热疗剂与化疗药物的共载,实现热疗和化疗的高效协同作用,已经成为目前肿瘤靶向性热化疗的研究热点.     

晚期肿瘤患者全身热疗的麻醉处理

<正>红外线全身热疗联合化疗是近年来治疗晚期肿瘤的一种新方法。2009-06～2010-11笔者所在医院利用ET-SPACETM肿瘤热疗系统治疗了26例晚期肿瘤患者,现将其麻醉处理经验报告如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级晚期肿瘤患者26例,男15例,女11例;年龄28～56岁。其中肝癌3例,肺癌2例,胃     

围热疗期护理对肿瘤热疗患者可耐受体温的影响

目的 探讨围热疗期护理对肿瘤患者接受热疗时可耐受的最高体温的影响.方法 按随机数字表法将86例肿瘤患者分为为2组:围热疗期护理组(43例)、未给予围热疗期护理组(43例),比较2组患者在接受热疗时可耐受的最高体温.结果 接受围热疗期护理组的患者可耐受体温要高于未接受围热疗期护理组[ (39.74±0.77)℃比(39.09±0.98)℃],差异有统计学意义(t=3.692,P=0.002).结论 护士针对欲接受热疗肿瘤患者给予必要的围热疗期护理,可提高患者在热疗时可耐受的体温,从而达到更好的热疗疗效.     

磁流体在肿瘤热疗中的应用及研究进展

磁流体热疗是一种基于纳米材料技术的新型肿瘤治疗技术,适用于各个部位多种类型的肿瘤治疗。该技术可以实现"细胞内热疗",极大地提高了肿瘤热疗的精确性和可控性,具备靶向能力强、安全性好、可与其他肿瘤治疗手段联合应用等优点。磁流体热疗已经积累了较多的体外和动物实验经验,可望在近年内投入临床实际应用。     

晚期肿瘤全身热疗对血流动力学的影响

目的探讨全身热疗期间患者血流动力学的变化,探寻该类患者血流动力学的生理极限。方法静脉复合全麻下20例晚期肿瘤全身热疗患者,经右颈静脉刺放入Swan-Ganz漂浮导管,经桡动脉置入动脉套管,两者通过换能器连Datex-Ohme-da,AS/3监护仪,监测血流动力学参数。结果随着体温升高,CO、BPIP、CVP、MPAP、PCWP及RVS均逐渐升高（P〈0.01）MAP、SVRI、PVRI及LVSWI随着体温升高进行性下降（P〈0.01）。降温过程各项指标逐渐恢复至术前水平。结论围全身热疗期血流动力学参数变化很大,只要术中保护好各重要脏器功能,维持血容量、水电解质平衡、保证氧供,全身热疗是安全的。     

米托蒽醌增加肿瘤组织对微波热疗敏感性的研究

目的 改善米托蒽醌的抗肿瘤活性.方法以增敏效果细胞实验,将米托蒽醌加入到细胞培养液中,在微波0.18～0.2 mW·cm-2功率密度下辐射2.5 min,在显微镜下观察细胞的生长情况,评价米托蒽醌的增敏效果.结果米托蒽醌组的细胞死亡率与对照组有显著差别.结论米托蒽醌可作为微波热疗增敏剂,以增大肿瘤组织与正常组织吸收微波的差异,提高微波热疗效果和改善米托蒽醌治疗肿瘤的效果.     

体外热疗综合治疗浅表肿瘤270例

所谓肿瘤热疗是指利用非电离辐射物理因子在生物组织中的热效应,使组织升温将肿瘤细胞消灭,从而达到治疗目的的技术与方法.过去人们一直认为热疗可促进肿瘤转移,不宜实行热疗.     

晚期肿瘤患者深部热疗护理体会

21世纪,肿瘤发病率不断升高并已成为人类因疾病死亡的主要原因.肿瘤深部热疗也成为了继手术、放疗、化疗、免疫治疗之后的第五大疗法.它是利用射频作用于人体的肿瘤组织,使肿瘤部位温度升高,从而使肿瘤细胞的数目减少或肿瘤细胞凋亡,达到抗肿瘤的疗效又不至于损伤正常组织的一种治疗方法.作为一门新兴的治疗技术,深部热疗还不为人们所熟悉,患者及家属不了解热疗的治疗原理、疗效及副作用等知识,会出现拒绝热疗的情况,或是在接受治疗时产生焦虑、怀疑等情绪,而这些不良情绪可以导致患者精神紧张,出现血压上升、心率呼吸加快或其他不适,导致影响热疗的效果甚至最终拒绝治疗等后果.近年我科治疗恶性肿瘤患者超过2 000人.现将热疗的护理及治疗操作体会总结如下.     

冬凌草热疗预防膀胱肿瘤复发护理

冬凌草系唇形科香茶菜属植物,实验证明其二萜类成分具有抗肿瘤作用[1].冬凌草稳定性较强,加热至238℃时,其有效成分仍不破坏.     

High Therapeutic Efficiency of Magnetic Hyperthermia in Xenograft Models Achieved with Moderate Temperature Dosages in the Tumor Area

Purpose

Tumor cells can be effectively inactivated by heating mediated by magnetic nanoparticles. However, optimized nanomaterials to supply thermal stress inside the tumor remain to be identified. The present study investigates the therapeutic effects of magnetic hyperthermia induced by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3) xenografts in mice in vivo.

Methods

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, synthesized either via an aqueous (MF66; average core size 12 nm) or an organic route (OD15; average core size 15 nm) are analyzed in terms of their specific absorption rate (SAR), cell uptake and their effectivity in in vivo hyperthermia treatment.

Results

Exceptionally high SAR values ranging from 658?±?53 W*g_Fe ^?1 for OD15 up to 900?±?22 W*g_Fe ^?1 for MF66 were determined in an alternating magnetic field (AMF, H?=?15.4 kA*m^?1 (19 mT), f?=?435 kHz). Conversion of SAR values into system-independent intrinsic loss power (ILP, 6.4?±?0.5 nH*m²*kg^?1 (OD15) and 8.7?±?0.2 nH*m²*kg^?1 (MF66)) confirmed the markedly high heating potential compared to recently published data. Magnetic hyperthermia after intratumoral nanoparticle injection results in dramatically reduced tumor volume in both cancer models, although the applied temperature dosages measured as CEM43T90 (cumulative equivalent minutes at 43°C) are only between 1 and 24 min. Histological analysis of magnetic hyperthermia treated tumor tissue exhibit alterations in cell viability (apoptosis and necrosis) and show a decreased cell proliferation.

Conclusions

Concluding, the studied magnetic nanoparticles lead to extensive cell death in human tumor xenografts and are considered suitable platforms for future hyperthermic studies.     

热疗在直肠癌治疗中的研究进展

热疗通常与放化疗结合用于肿瘤的治疗.近年来,免疫疗法和热疗开创了令人振奋的新局面,已成为当今流行的研究领域.本文主要通过阐述热疗的抗肿瘤机制,并分析热疗与放化疗、免疫治疗联合应用发挥作用的原理以及在直肠癌中的治疗效果,进而提出热疗在直肠癌临床应用中面临的问题及未来的发展前景.     

Pharmacokinetics,Tissue Distribution and Therapeutic Effect of Cationic Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin Upon Mild Hyperthermia

Purpose

To evaluate pharmacokinetic profile, biodistribution and therapeutic effect of cationic thermosensitive liposomes (CTSL) encapsulating doxorubicin (Dox) upon mild hyperthermia (HT).

Methods

Non-targeted thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) and CTSL were developed, loaded with Dox and characterized. Blood kinetics and biodistribution of Dox-TSL and Dox-CTSL were followed in B16BL6 tumor bearing mice upon normothermia (NT) or initial hyperthermia conditions. Efficacy study in B16BL6 tumor bearing mice was followed with Dox-TSL or Dox-CTSL upon NT or HT. Efficacy study in LLC tumor bearing mice was performed upon two HT conditions. Intravital microscopy was performed on B16BL6 tumors implanted in dorsal-skin fold window-bearing mice.

Results

Targeting did not cause faster blood clearance of CTSL compared to TSL. Highest uptake of liposomes was observed in spleen, kidneys and liver. Applying HT prior to CTSL administration increased drug delivery to the tumor and CTSL delivered ~1.7 fold higher Dox concentration compared to TSL. Efficacy in B16BL6 murine melanoma showed that HT had a significant effect on CTSL in tumor suppression and prolonged survival. Efficacy in LLC Lewis lung carcinoma tumor model demonstrates that two HT treatments hold promises for a successful treatment option.

Conclusion

CTSL have potency to increase drug efficacy in tumors due to their targeted and drug release functions.

     

Effects of Social Interaction and Warm Ambient Temperature on Brain Hyperthermia Induced by the Designer Drugs Methylone and MDPV

3,4-Methylenedioxymethcathinone (methylone) and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are new drugs of abuse that have gained worldwide popularity. These drugs are structurally similar to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and share many of its physiological and behavioral effects in humans, including the development of hyperthermia during acute intoxication. Here, we examined the effects of methylone (1–9 mg/kg, s.c.) or MDPV (0.1–1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) on brain temperature homeostasis in rats maintained in a standard laboratory environment (single-housed in a quiet rest at 22 °C) and under conditions that model human drug use (social interaction and 29 °C ambient temperature). By simultaneously monitoring temperatures in the nucleus accumbens, temporal muscle, and facial skin, we assessed the effects of methylone and MDPV on intra-brain heat production and cutaneous vascular tone, two critical factors that control brain temperature responses. Both methylone and MDPV dose-dependently increased brain temperature, but even at high doses that induced robust locomotor activation, hyperthermia was modest in magnitude (up to ∼2 °C). Both drugs also induced dose-dependent peripheral vasoconstriction, which appears to be a primary mechanism determining the brain hyperthermic responses. In contrast to the powerful potentiation of MDMA-induced hyperthermia by social interaction and warm ambient temperature, such potentiation was absent for methylone and minimal for MDPV. Taken together, despite structural similarities to MDMA, exposure to methylone or MDPV under conditions commonly associated with human drug use does not lead to profound elevations in brain temperature and sustained vasoconstriction, two critical factors associated with MDMA toxicity.     

Controlled Cell Death by Magnetic Hyperthermia: Effects of Exposure Time,Field Amplitude,and Nanoparticle Concentration

Purpose  

To investigate the effects of alternating magnetic fields (AMF) on the death rate of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as heating agents. AMF exposure time and amplitude as well as the MNPs concentration were screened to assess the best conditions for a controlled field-induced cell death.     

热疗联合胸腔内注射药物治疗恶性胸腔积液临床研究

目的:观察热疗加胸腔内注射顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效和不良反应。方法:确诊为肿瘤所致的恶性胸腔积液的患者56例,随机分为两组。采用胸腔穿刺或胸腔闭式引流尽可能排尽胸水后,A组(28例)患者给予胸腔内注射顺铂60 mg,然后进行患侧胸腔深部热疗;B组(28例)患者只给予胸腔内注射顺铂60 mg。结果:两组总有效(胸水得到控制)率(A组85.71%,B组60.71%)比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),A组与B组生活质量好转率分别为75%和46.43%(P<0.05)。结论:热疗与DDP联合应用治疗恶性胸水有较好疗效,毒副反应小,可以改善患者生活质量,是安全有效的方法。     

三种典型磁场的表达及梯度分布

描述了圆电流、亥姆霍兹线圈和圆柱型永磁体垂直截面磁场的表达式,并用软件模拟其分布,得到这3种典型磁场强度的渐变和梯度的变化规律。     

Magnetic-Fluid Induction Regional Hyperthermia of Sarcoma

Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal -     

酸浆苦素类化合物的核磁共振光谱特征

酸浆苦素类物质是茄科酸浆属植物的主要成分,具有抗炎、镇痛、抗肿瘤等活性。近30年陆续有学者从植物中发现新的活性物质。为系统研究该类物质的结构特点,对已分离到的18种酸浆苦素类物质的核磁图谱数据进行分析。     

制药配液罐温度控制策略的研究

利用实验数据建立了制药配液罐的神经网络模型,通过增益调度PID控制方法对配液罐温度控制过程进行仿真,并与常规PID控制方法进行比较。实验结果表明,基于BP神经网络建立的模型能够比较准确地反应输入量与罐内温度之间的关系,同时与常规PID控制相比,增益调度PID控制方法能够更好地完成对配液罐温度的精确控制。