香附理气颗粒对小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

目的研究香附理气颗粒对正常小鼠的细胞免疫及体液免疫的影响。方法采用LPS刺激脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖、碳粒廓清、溶血素抗体生成等实验,研究香附理气颗粒对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果香附理气颗粒能明显提高正常小鼠的碳粒廓清指数和吞噬指数,增加脾脏、胸腺指数,明显促进溶血素抗体的生成,显著增加脾脏T淋巴细胞的增殖活化。结论香附理气颗粒对正常动物的免疫功能有一定的增强作用。     

参黄胶囊对环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨参黄胶囊对环磷酰胺致免疫抑制模型小鼠免疫功能的作用.方法 分别用环磷酰胺和限食法结合环磷酰胺两种方法建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,分别给予0.26、0.53、1.06 g/kg参黄胶囊,观察其对小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、白细胞数、巨噬细胞吞噬指数、血清溶血素含量(半数溶血值)的影响.结果 应用环磷酰胺后,免疫抑制模型小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、白细胞数、巨噬细胞吞噬指数、血清溶血素含量均显著降低.0.26、0.53、1.06g/kg参黄胶囊均可明显提高用限食法结合环磷酰胺致免疫低下(气虚模型)小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞率、胸腺指数和脾脏指数和环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠体内白细胞数和巨噬细胞吞噬指数;0.53、1.06 g/kg参黄胶囊可明显促使溶血素生成增加.结论 参黄胶囊可明显改善环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能,具有扶正固本、增强机体特异性免疫和非特异性免疫功能作用.     

罗汉果多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的研究罗汉果多糖(SGPS1)对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法测定小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能、血清溶血素形成和淋巴细胞转化率。结果SGPS1在高、低剂量下均明显使小鼠胸腺、脾脏等免疫器官重量增加;使小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞百分率及吞噬指数增加;提高小鼠血清溶血素水平;增加小鼠淋巴细胞转化率及胸腺、脾脏指数。结论SGPS1有增强机体免疫功能的作用。     

胎盘因子对冷应激小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的探讨胎盘因子 (PF )对冷应激小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。方法用超滤法从健康产妇胎盘中提取PF ;强迫小鼠在 ( 10± 0 .5 )℃水中游泳制备冷应激模型 ;检测免疫器官重量、脾脏溶血空斑形成细胞数、E花环形成率、T淋巴细胞转化试验及白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )活性。结果PF能明显改善冷应激所引起的小鼠免疫功能抑制 ,使脾脏重量及脾脏溶血空斑形成增多 ,E花环形成率及T淋巴细胞转化提高 ,并使IL 2活性升高。结论PF对冷应激所致小鼠免疫功能抑制具有调节作用     

多抗甲素对小鼠抗体生成的作用

多抗甲素(2.5～40mg/kg,ip)连续给药呈剂量依赖方式提高小鼠血清溶血素水平,促进脾脏生成抗体,增加脾脏有核细胞数。多抗甲素对循环抗体水平动力学过程无显著影响,该药于抗原刺激前3d给药促进抗体生成作用强于刺激后2d给药。     

增免胶囊对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:观察增免胶囊对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法:灌胃给予不同剂最增免胶羹(250 mg/kg,500 mg/kg),观察对小鼠外周血像、免疫器官重量、血清溶血素水平和脾脏淋巴细胞转化指数.结果:对正常小鼠,增免胶囊能增加其外周血白细胞数最和脾脏指数,而对胸腺指数则有降低的趋势,对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞转化指数有一定的升高.结论:增免胶囊能够增强正常小鼠的免疫功能和造血功能.     

螺旋藻多糖（PSP）对免疫功能的影响

小鼠ｉｐＰＳＰ１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ连续７ｄ可明显增加脾重，能显著促进腹腔Ｍ吞噬功能，单抗Ｍ系统清除血液碳粒的速率及血清溶血素的形成，并能显著的抗Ｃｙ所致小鼠胸腺与脾脏萎缩，腹腔Ｍ吞噬功能降低，血清溶血素所成减少及脾抗体形成细胞功能的抑制作用，ＰＳＰ还可显著促进ＣｏｎＡ诱导的体外小鼠淋巴细胞转化，最适剂量为１０μｇ／ｍｌ～１６０μｇ／ｍｌ，另外ｉｐＰＳＰ１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，连续１２ｄ，可明显促进小鼠Ｋ细胞     

异丙肌苷对小鼠免疫功能的增强作用

在正常小鼠和注射环磷酰胺所致的免疫功能抑制的小鼠,异丙肌苷)25,50,100mg/kg,ip)能显著促进溶血素生成;增加空斑形成细胞数;增强二硝基氯苯所致迟发型皮肤超敏反应。在16月龄老年小鼠,异丙肌苷(2.5mg/kg,ip)可使减少的空斑形成细胞数增加至接近3月龄小鼠的水平,加大剂量作用反减弱或使空斑形成细胞数显著减少。体外试验,异丙肌苷(5,10,20mg/L)可显著增强刀豆素A诱导的C57 BL/6J小鼠的淋巴细胞增殖反应,并使16月龄老年小鼠低下的刀豆素A诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应明显恢复。     

人工蛹虫草子实体对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的考察人工蛹虫草子实体对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法采用蛹虫草子实体微粉(粒径17~20μm)水溶液给小鼠连续灌胃12 d,分别观察对小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化、血清溶血素水平和2,4-二硝基氟苯(DNFB)诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应的影响。结果小鼠灌胃给予蛹虫草子实体微粉水溶液10~90 mg.kg-1,可显著促进淋巴细胞的自然增殖作用(与阴性对照组比较,P<0.05),但对刀豆蛋白(ConA)或脂多糖(LPS)活化后的细胞无协同作用,同时增加血清溶血素水平,能增强DNFB诱导的小鼠迟发型变态反应,但对小鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数无明显影响。结论人工蛹虫草子实体的微粉具有免疫调节作用。     

壳寡糖对小鼠免疫系统的调节作用

目的研究壳寡糖对小鼠特异性体液免疫及细胞免疫功能的影响。方法壳寡糖60,120,240 mg.kg-1腹腔注射,每日1次,连续14d,检测溶血空斑数、血清溶血素水平、ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞转化率和迟发型变态反应。结果腹腔注射后2周,壳寡糖120mg.kg-1组小鼠抗体形成细胞、血清溶血素水平、淋巴细胞增殖率、脾脏体重指数及耳廓肿胀度较对照组有显著性增加。结论适当剂量的壳寡糖能提高小鼠的特异性体液免疫及细胞免疫功能。     

Spleen lymphocyte kinetics in mice under normal and inflammatory conditions: an application of the transgenic mouse expressing beta-galactosidase (ROSA 26)

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for the measurement of the cell kinetics of spleen lymphocytes using the ROSA 26 transgenic mouse ubiquitously expressing beta-galactosidase (beta-gal). Spleen lymphocytes were isolated from ROSA 26 mice and intravenously inoculated into C57BL/6 mice under normal conditions and inflammatory conditions following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Spleen lymphocyte accumulation in tissues was determined as a measurement of beta-gal activity. Spleen lymphocytes isolated from ROSA 26 mice have beta-gal activities of 1.45 x 10(-4) pg per cell. A good correlation between beta-gal activities and cell numbers was obtained (r2 = 0.999) over the range 1 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(7) cells, corresponding to 70 fg to 350 pg beta-gal activity. Spleen lymphocytes (4 x 10(7) cells) were intravenously inoculated into normal mice and subsequently each tissue was isolated and the corresponding beta-gal activity measured. Spleen lymphocyte accumulation was relatively high .in the spleen and lymph nodes. The accumulated spleen lymphocyte cell number was 1.39 x 10(7) cells/g spleen and 5.45 x 10(7) cells/g lymph node 1 h and 6h after inoculation, respectively, and this remained constant up to 24h. In the lung, lymphocyte accumulation was 3.98 x 10(7) cells/g tissue 10 min after inoculation then gradually fell to 7.09 x 10(5) cells/g tissue after 24h. In addition, the femoral muscle following intramuscular injection of LPS showed a high accumulation of spleen lymphocytes, whereas the untreated and contralateral femoral muscle had the same level as the background. In conclusion, spleen lymphocytes isolated from ROSA 26 mice can be used to measure beta-gal activity and the sensitivity is relatively high over the 70 fg to 350 pg range. This suggests that cells isolated from the ROSA 26 mouse can be applied to the study of cell kinetics.     

灵芝菌丝体多糖对K562细胞的抑制作用及免疫调节作用研究

目的研究灵芝菌丝体多糖（ganoderma lucidum mycelia polysaccharides,GLMP）对K562白血病细胞及小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法 MTT法检测不同浓度GLMP对K562白血病细胞增殖及对小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞增殖的作用;血细胞计数方法绘制生长曲线。结果不同浓度的GLMP处理K562细胞48h后,50mg/L及以上浓度抑制率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,而且随浓度的增加抑制率增加。作用48h的IC50为270.2mg/L。生长曲线也表明随时间的延长和浓度的增加,细胞增殖能力下降。GLMP作用小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞48h后,在多糖浓度为50、100mg/L和25、50、100mg/L时能显著刺激静止性和激活型细胞的增殖。结论 GLMP可以抑制K562白血病细胞增殖而且具有免疫调节能力。     

10-羟基-2-癸烯酸对小鼠T淋巴细胞及其亚型和白介素2产生的影响

观察了10-羟基-2-癸烯酸（10-HDA）对小鼠#FST#FK淋巴细胞及其亚型和白介素2产生的影响. 结果表明，10-HDA 1, 5, 25 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 ip, 5 d可拮抗环磷酰胺100 mg·kg^-1对小鼠迟发型超敏反应（DTH）的抑制作用. 体外给药，10-HDA可促进刀豆球蛋白A诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖反应；促进小鼠脾细胞产生白介素2. 采用单克隆抗体间接免疫荧?光法证明10-HDA可增加小鼠胸腺L₃T₄⁺细胞数，而对Lyt-2⁺细胞无明显影响. 结果提示10-HDA可调节T淋巴细胞参与的免疫反应.     

淋巴细胞活性染色质诱导系统性红斑狼疮样小鼠模型

目的建立活性染色质诱导系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)样小鼠模型。方法从ConA活化的BALB/c小鼠脾淋巴细胞中提取活性染色质,分别于d 0、d 14、d 21和d 28以染色质100μg在BALB/c小鼠尾根部及背部皮内注射免疫4次,诱导SLE样小鼠模型。目测半定量尿蛋白试纸法检测动物的尿蛋白变化,HE染色法检查动物的肾脏、脾脏病理改变,计算动物的胸腺和脾脏指数,MTT法检测ConA和LPS诱导的T、B淋巴细胞增殖反应,全自动生化分析仪检测血清中Crea和BUN水平,ELISA法检测小鼠血清中ANA、抗dsDNA、IgG1、IgG2a、IL-10、IFN-γ水平,流式细胞术检测脾脏T、B淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果诱导模型小鼠尿蛋白水平升高,出现肾小球肾炎、脾脏增生等病理改变;脾脏指数明显升高,LPS诱导的B淋巴细胞增殖反应增强;血清Crea、BUN、ANA、抗dsDNA、IgG1、IgG2a、IL-10和IFN-γ水平明显升高;脾脏CD19+、CD19+CD21+、CD19+CD23+、CD19+IgD+B淋巴细胞亚群百分比明显升高,CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞百分比明显下降。结论 ConA活化淋巴细胞的染色质免疫同系BALB/c小鼠成功诱导了SLE样小鼠模型,其血清学、组织病理学及免疫学方面特征与人类SLE临床特征表现相似。     

海带多糖的免疫调节作用

目的观察海带多糖 (BSP)对正常及免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法BSP经腹腔注射给药后 ,测定了各组小鼠胸腺、脾指数 ,外周血白细胞数 ,脾的T、B细胞增殖能力 ,脾细胞产生IL 2能力 ,以及血清和脾细胞溶血素含量等的变化。结果BSP 10 0mg/ (kg·d)× 10d能显著提高免疫低下小鼠胸腺、脾指数及外周血白细胞数 ,还能提高正常小鼠胸腺、脾指数 ;明显促进正常及免疫低下小鼠脾的T、B细胞增殖能力和脾细胞产生IL 2能力 ;BSP还能增加正常及免疫低下小鼠血清和脾细胞溶血素的含量。结论BSP是一种免疫调节剂 ,对正常及免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能具有促进作用。     

Studies of an immunomodulator, swainsonine. I. Enhancement of immune response by swainsonine in vitro

Swainsonine isolated from Metarhizium sp., was found to enhance the activities of the mouse immune system in vitro. Concanavalin A stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and proliferative response in mixed lymphocytes culture, which were suppressed by immunosuppressive factor obtained from serum of sarcoma 180 tumor bearing mouse, were restored to normal levels by the addition of swainsonine. Furthermore, the concanavalin A induced incorporation of [3H]thymidine into mouse spleen cells was remarkably increased by treatment with swainsonine over a wide dose range, From studies using fluorescence activated cell sorting, swainsonine was shown to enhance the expression of concanavalin A receptors of spleen cells.     

Elevated membrane IgA+ and CD4+ (T helper) populations in murine Peyer's patch and splenic lymphocytes during dietary administration of the trichothecene vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol)

Recent investigations indicate that dietary exposure to the trichothecene vomitoxin increases total and antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and glomerular IgA accumulation in mice. In this study, the effects of 25 ppm dietary vomitoxin on the histological and lymphocytic profile of component immune organs in the mucosal lymphocyte migratory pathway were evaluated in the B6C3F1 mouse. Vomitoxin administration resulted in marked stimulation of the size and frequency of germinal centres in Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen. A slight increase in the percentage of B cells in the Peyer's patch was observed, although vomitoxin treatment had no effect on the percentage of B cells in the spleen. The percentage of IgA+ cells in Peyer's patches and spleen were approximately twice that of controls at 4, 8 and 12 wk of vomitoxin exposure whereas the percentage of IgG+ cells decreased in these two organs. Exposure to vomitoxin increased the percentage of T cells in Peyer's patches and the spleen. The percentage of CD4+ cells (T helper subset) increased slightly in Peyer's patches and more markedly (30-50%) in the spleen following vomitoxin treatment. Contrastingly, there was only a slight increase in the percentage of CD8+ cells (T cytotoxic/suppressor subset) in the spleens of vomitoxin-treated mice in comparison with controls, and no effect in Peyer's patches. The relative effects of vomitoxin on these two T cells populations was also reflected in increased CD4+: CD8+ ratios in Peyer's patches and spleen. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that dietary vomitoxin modulates normal regulation of the IgA response at the Peyer's patch level and that this is manifested in an altered lymphocyte distribution pattern in both the mucosal and systemic compartment. Notably increased levels of IgA+ and CD4+ cells are indicative of IgA-producing progenitors and T helper subsets, respectively, that in tandem could favour IgA hyperproduction and elevated IgA in serum.     

Effect of endogenous opioid peptides on antibody formation in the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes

The effects of leu-enkephalin and met-enkephalin on the number of the antibody-forming cells (AFC) in the mouse spleen at the primary immune response to ram erythrocytes depending on the dose and time of the agent administration with relation to the time of immunization were studied. The data indicating diverse effects of these endogenous opioid peptides on antibody genesis were obtained. When administered before immunization, met-enkephalin increased the number of AFC in the CBA mouse spleen and its administration simultaneously with an antigen and afterwards decreased the number of AFC. Leu-enkephalin both decreased and increased the number of AFC in the spleen in the dose-dependent way. The stimulating effect of this agent was more pronounced in the C57BL/6 mice with the initially low immune response as compared to the CBA mice.     

猪脾和胸腺来源免疫抑制物的对比研究

建立了从猪脾提制免疫抑制物的方法。通过对比研究猪脾和胸腺来源免疫抑制物的免疫药理作用,证明两者体外试验均可抑制植物凝集素诱导的人外周血淋巴细胞转化、细菌脂多糖诱导的小鼠脾细胞的分化、小鼠胸腺细胞和脾细胞的自然增殖、活化脾细胞产生白介素-2;体内试验可抑制迟发型变态反应和小鼠产生绵羊红细胞抗体;两者均无细胞毒性。两者均为与核酸结合的肽类物质,性质无明显不同。     

蜜环菌多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

蜜环菌多糖(100mg/kg·d×5d,ig)能显著增加正常小鼠和注射环磷酰胺所致免疫功能抑制小鼠的溶血素生成。当剂量为50mg/kg·d×5d,ig时,它还能显著增加正常小鼠的空斑形成细胞数。体外试验,蜜环菌多糖(10、50μg/ml)显著增强刀豆素A诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应,但对二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发型过敏反应无显著增强作用。此外,蜜环菌多糖还能增加小鼠静注碳粒廓清速率及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬百分数和吞噬指数。