三种衣原体感染与人体角膜结膜炎的关系

目的：探讨三种有原体感染与人类角膜结膜炎之间的关系。方法：应用套式PCR（nPCR）技术对102例临床诊断为活动期结膜炎或角结膜炎的三种衣原体眼拭子标本进行沙眼衣原体（CT）、鹦鹉热衣原体（CPs）及肺炎衣原体（CPn）联合检测。结果：102例角膜结膜炎中CT阳性检出率为187．65％（18／102），CPs阳性检出率为6．86％（7／102），并有两眼被检出CPn阳性（占1．96％）。结论：人类角膜结膜炎与CT密切相关，并与CPs、CPn亦有一定的关系。     

衣原体单克隆抗体胶体金法测定沙眼衣原体

目的:介绍一种沙眼衣原体的快速检测方法。方法:采用衣原体单克隆抗体胶体金法进行实验室诊断及鉴别诊断沙眼及其它结角膜病。结果:阴性结果,仅检测板的质控区(C)有1条红线,检测区(T)无红线出现;阳性结果,除质控区(C)外,另有1条红线出现在检测区(T)。10例临床诊断沙眼的患者,其检测结果阳性率为100%。10例其他原因引起的慢性结膜炎患者,其中1例查到沙眼衣原体。10例慢性病毒性结膜炎患者中1例查到沙眼衣原体。结论:该方法简便快速,仅0.5h可出结果,结果判断直观,不需要荧光显微镜、酶联检测仪等设备。具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后丝状角膜病变原因分析

目的探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser insitu keratomileusis,LASIK)术后发生丝状角膜病变的病因。方法对439例869眼的近视患者行LASIK手术,术前根据泪膜破裂时间(the tearfilm break-up time,BUT)分为两组,A组BUT为5~10 s共187例370眼,B组BUT≥10 s共252例499眼。结果术后两组均有丝状角膜病变的发生,A组中有10例14眼,双眼发病4例,占3.7%。BUT≥10 s组中有2例,无双眼发病者,占0.4%。结论A组发病率明显高于B组,说明泪膜和丝状角膜病变的发生有密切联系。     

多聚酶链反应和免疫荧光法对单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎诊断的比较研究

目的 :探讨单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的快速实验室诊断的方法和结果。方法 :对临床诊为单疱角膜炎的 3 0例 3 0眼的泪液及角膜上皮行PCR法检测HSV -1DNA ,并对角膜上皮细胞中的HSV -1抗原行IFA检测 ,同时以 10例健康眼作为正常对照 ,并作统计学分析。结果 :PCR阳性检出率 80 % (2 4/ 3 0 ) ,IFA检出率 40 % (12 / 3 0 ) ,对比P <0 0 0 5。泪液PCR阳性率 66 7% (2 0 / 3 0 )同角膜上皮PCR阳性率 60 % (18/ 3 0 )对比P >0 5 ,无显著差异。结论 :PCR法比IFA法敏感 ,可作为单疱角膜炎的病原学快速诊断 ,泪液可作为首选标本。     

过敏性结膜炎的临床特点

目的　了解国人过敏性结膜炎的临床特点。方法　对临床已确诊为过敏性结膜炎的患者 84例 16 1眼症状及体征量化评分后进行分析。结果　 84例 16 1眼过敏性结膜炎患者 ,平均年龄 (38.6 1± 12 .72 )岁 ,男 2 8例 ,女 5 6例 ,平均病情积分 11.79± 4 .36 ,其中急性过敏性结膜炎 77例(91.6 7% ) 14 8眼 ,慢性过敏性结膜炎 7例 (8.33% ) 13眼 ,两者的病情评分比较有显著差异 (P<0 .0 1)。过敏性结膜炎最常见症状为眼痒 (10 0 .0 0 % ) ,最常见的体征为结膜充血(10 0 .0 0 % )。2 6 .19%的患者伴有眼外过敏性疾病病史。结论　过敏性结膜炎是一类以青中年女性发病为主 ,以眼痒及结膜充血为主要临床特点而对角膜通常没有明显影响的非感染性眼表疾病     

216例频繁瞬目儿童屈光状态及病因分析

目的 :分析儿童频繁瞬目病因并探索相应的治疗方法。方法 :收集 2 0 0 2年 4月～ 2 0 0 4年 4月频繁瞬目的 3～14岁儿童 2 16例 ,依据其发病过程、治疗经过、视力、眼位、结膜、角膜检查、屈光检查以及其他辅助检查等方面寻找病因 ,进而进行治疗及纠正。结果 :2 16例频繁瞬目儿童中各类屈光不正 16 1例 ,其中 86例视力基本正常 ,116例主诉有长时间屏幕注视史 ,仔细检查后发现 15例单眼屈光不正 ,14 6例双眼屈光不正 ,经相应治疗后 14 5例患儿异常瞬目症状逐步消失 ,5例有减轻表现 ,有效率达 93.17%。有眼表疾病的 4 0例 ,其中包括沙眼、慢性结膜炎、春季卡他性结膜炎、滤泡性结膜、结膜结石等结膜疾病共 2 4例 ,内翻倒睫、睑痉挛、麦粒肿、霰粒肿、睑缘炎等眼睑疾病 13例 ,浅层点状角膜炎 3例 ,经治疗后异常瞬目症逐渐消失达 10 0 %。另外发现 12例与神经系统疾患有关 ,其他原因 3眼。结论 :多种眼疾可导致瞬目增多 ,其中屈光异常和眼表疾病是小儿异常瞬目征的主要病因 ,平时不健康用眼是常见的诱因 ,细致认真的检查是做出正确诊断的关键。异常瞬目伴有“鬼脸”或运动增多应请神经内科协助治疗。     

干眼症误诊的临床分析

目的分析干眼症与慢性结膜炎之间的误诊原因,探讨防止两种疾病之间误诊的措施及方法。方法对115例(230只眼)门诊诊断为慢性结膜炎后经1年和2年对症治疗,并排除其它疾病的眼病患者进行干眼症相关性临床分析,包括:泪液分泌量Sch irm erⅠ试验、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色及虎红试验。结果慢性结膜炎的误诊、误治与干眼症的发生有其必然的联系。结论详细的病史资料、症状及临床检查是防治干眼症误诊的重要依据。     

新生儿结膜炎诊断及治疗措施探讨

目的:探讨新生儿结膜炎的诊断及治疗措施。方法:将我院2008-01/2010-01收治的新生儿结膜炎患者100例179眼按入院时间顺序随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例,观察组给予氧氟沙星滴眼液,对照组给予青霉素滴眼液,观察比较两组患儿的疗效、眼分泌物消失时间、结膜充血消失时间、角膜透明时间。结果:治疗后,观察组患儿中有效率为98.0%,显著高于对照组患儿的88.0%(χ2=3.84,P<0.05);观察组患儿的眼分泌物消失时间、结膜充血消失时间、角膜透明时间均明显短于对照组患儿(P<0.01)。结论:氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗新生儿结膜炎疗效极佳,可有效提高治愈率,并缩短患儿的眼分泌物、结膜充血消失时间及角膜透明时间。     

海南省81例真菌性角膜溃疡病原学分析

目的:探讨中国海南省真菌性角膜溃疡的病原学特点及流行病学特征.方法:收集2014-01/2016-12在中山大学中山眼科中心海南眼科医院住院治疗的真菌性角膜溃疡确诊病例81例81眼的基本资料.分析致病真菌种群分布特点、患者年龄分布特点、患病季节分布构成比以及疾病危险因素.回顾分析真菌性角膜溃疡治疗方式,计算角膜溃疡坏死组织的真菌培养及鉴定、真菌涂片结果阳性率,卡方检验比较两种实验室检查方法阳性检出率.结果:选取临床诊断真菌性角膜溃疡患者81例81眼,其中男54眼,女27眼,年龄中位数51岁.角膜外伤是最常见的危险因素.≥50岁患病人数45眼(55%),占比最大;其次为>30~<50岁年龄段人群组28眼(35%);≤30岁人群组8眼(10%),占比最小.第一季度是全年真菌性角膜溃疡的高发时段,患病人数占36%.81份真菌培养样本阳性例数71眼,阳性率88%.80份角膜坏死物涂片样本,阳性样本共41眼,阳性率51%.真菌涂片阳性检出率低于真菌培养,差异有统计学意义(x2=23.730, P<0.01).主要致病性真菌依次为镰刀菌属34眼(48%),不产孢子菌11眼(15%).治疗上均采用了多种抗真菌药物治疗,23眼(28%)联合角膜清创+结膜瓣遮盖术治疗;9眼(11%)联合角膜移植术;7眼(9%)联合眼内容物剜除术.结论:中国海南省本岛真菌性角膜溃疡的最主要致病菌是镰刀菌属、不产孢子菌,高发季节为1~3mo.患者多有角膜外伤史.抗真菌药物及手术治疗是目前真菌性角膜溃疡的主要治疗手段.与真菌涂片相比较,真菌培养具有更高的阳性检出率.     

激光共焦显微镜与角膜组织刮片检查在真菌性角膜炎中应用的比较

目的:对比分析激光共焦显微镜检查与角膜组织刮片检查在真菌性角膜炎诊断中的应用.方法:选择2016-05/08来我院治疗的拟诊为真菌性角膜炎患者77例77眼,同时行激光共焦显微镜检查及角膜组织刮片检查,观察图像特点,对比分析两种方法真菌检出率情况.结果:所有患者中,激光共焦显微镜检出阳性66眼,阴性11眼,检出率为86%;角膜组织刮片检查确诊阳性51眼,阴性26眼,检出率为66%,两者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:激光角膜共焦显微镜检查的安全性和敏感性相对较高,如果能将激光角膜共焦显微镜检查与角膜组织刮片检查联合应用于临床,对提高真菌性角膜炎患者的诊断率具有重要意义.     

Corneal infection in Shandong peninsula of China: a 10-year retrospective study on 578 cases

AIM: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical signs, laboratory findings, and outcomes in patients with corneal infection in Shandong peninsula of China. METHODS: The medical records of 578 inpatients (578 eyes) with corneal infection were reviewed retrospectively for demographic characteristics, risk factors, seasonal variation, clinical signs, laboratory findings, and treatment strategy. Patient history, ocular examination findings using slit-lamp biomicroscopy, laboratory findings resulted from microbiological cultures, and treatment. RESULTS: Fungal keratitis constituted 58.48% of cases of infectious keratitis among the inpatients, followed by herpes simplex keratitis (20.76%), bacterial keratitis (19.03%) and acanthamoeba keratitis (1.73%). The most common risk factor was corneal trauma (71.80%). The direct microscopic examination (338 cases) using potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mounts was positive in 296 cases (87.57%). Among the 298 fungal culture-positive cases, Fusarium species were the most common isolates (70.47%). A total of 517 cases (89.45%) received surgical intervention, including 255 (44.12%) cases of penetrating keratoplasty, 74 (12.80%) cases of lamellar keratoplasty which has become increasingly popular, and 77 cases (13.32%) of evisceration or enucleation. CONCLUSION: At present, infectious keratitis is a primary corneal disease causing blindness in China. With Fusarium species being the most commonly identified pathogens, fungal keratitis is the leading cause of severe infectious corneal ulcers in Shandong peninsula of China.     

左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎的临床观察

目的：观察5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液对重症细菌性角膜炎和重症细菌性结膜炎的治疗效果。方法：收集门诊的重症细菌性角膜炎和重症细菌性结膜炎患者,使用5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液频繁滴眼,严重病例联合治疗。记录治疗前后的视力、眼部表现、溃疡深度、组织坏死和前房积脓情况,同时进行病原学检查。结果：重症细菌性角膜炎患者15例18眼,治疗前的平均视力为0.1±0.13。治疗前的细菌培养阳性率为83%（12例15眼）,主要为细菌奴卡杆菌、洛菲不动杆菌、伯克霍尔德菌、龟分枝杆菌、链球菌和葡萄球菌,其中杆菌占73%（11/15）。治疗第3d起患者的症状和体征均明显好转（P〈0.01）。治疗后细菌清除率为93%,治疗总有效率为94%,平均治疗时间为21±4.82d,治疗后平均视力为0.5±0.26。重症细菌性结膜炎患者为21例32眼,治疗前的平均视力为0.6±0.31。治疗前的细菌培养阳性率为69%（15例22眼）,主要为葡萄球菌、α-溶血性链球菌和假单胞杆菌,其中葡萄球菌占68%（15/22）。治疗第2d起患者的症状和体征均明显好转（P〈0.01）。治疗后细菌清除率为91%,治疗总有效率97%,平均治疗时间为15±3.23d,治疗后平均视力为0.7±0.29。两组治疗时间与菌属有相关性（P〈0.05）。结论：重症细菌性角膜炎感染以杆菌为主,其次为葡萄球菌、链球菌,平均治疗时间为3wk。重症细菌性结膜炎感染以葡萄球菌为主,其次是链球菌、假单胞杆菌,病程平均治疗时间为2wk。两组治疗后视力均有提高,未发现视力降低病例。5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液可有效治疗重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎,严重病例根据病情适当联合用药,未见毒副作用。     

盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎及角膜炎随机双盲对照临床研究

目的　比较北京医工生物技术研究所研制的 15mg/5mL盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液和海伦滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎、角膜炎的疗效和安全性。方法　用随机、双盲、平行研究。共选择 60例患者分为试验组和对照组各 3 0例。疗程 3～ 14d ,主要疗效参数为治疗第 7、14d的临床疗效。结果　用药 7d细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组总有效率为 72 %( 18/2 5 ) ;对照组总有效率为 84 62 % ( 2 2 /2 6)。用药 14d细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组总有效率为 10 0 % ( 2 5 /2 5 ) ;对照组总有效率为 96 15 % ( 2 5 /2 6) ,两组间细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎总有效率无统计学差异。试验组和对照组对细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎的疗效相当。细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组细菌清除率为 10 0 % ;对照组总清除率 98 0 4% ,两组间清除率比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。试验组与对照组均有良好的耐受性 ,无明显不良反应发生。结论　盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎和细菌性角膜炎有效且安全。     

Corneal ulceration in the elderly in Hyderabad, south India

AIMS: To report demographic, microbiological, therapeutic, anatomical, and visual results of corneal ulceration in the elderly patients seen at a tertiary eye care centre in south India. METHODS: 102 consecutive cases of microbial keratitis in patients 65 years and older were studied. Inclusion criteria were: (i) presence of corneal stromal infiltrate upon slit lamp examination; and (ii) microbiological evaluation of corneal scrapings for suspected microbial keratitis. RESULTS: The principal predisposing factors identified in this study were ocular disease (38.2%), previous ocular surgery in the same eye (29.4%), trauma (17.6%), and severe systemic disease (16.7%). Contact lens wear was associated with only two cases (2.0%). 99 organisms were isolated in cultures of corneal scrapings from 74 (72.5%) of the 102 cases. Staphylococcus epidermidis (31.1%), filamentous fungi (25.7%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (13.5%) were the most common isolates. 12 eyes (11.8%) required surgery, 15 (14.7%) eventually required evisceration, and nine (9.6%) of the 94 followed patients achieved an unaided vision of 20/60 or better at last follow up. CONCLUSIONS: This work represents the largest recent single centre study on (non-viral) microbial keratitis in the elderly, its management, and outcomes of therapy. While the predisposing factors differ from those of general population, the spectrum of microbes responsible for keratitis in the elderly appears to reflect the local microbial flora rather than a predilection for elderly patients. Delay in diagnosis and systemic conditions associated with advancing age probably contribute to poorer outcome from therapeutic measures.     

Ocular manifestation and visual outcomes in herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a prospective study from a tertiary hospital of Eastern India

AIM: To estimate the magnitude of different ocular manifestation in clinically established herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) patients and assessment of the visual outcome after two months of initial examination. METHODS: An observational prospective study was conducted on 42 clinically diagnosed Tzanck smear positive cases HZO to observe the occurrence and frequency of different ocular manifestation and their visual outcome in 10-month period with 2mo follow up. Full ophthalmological examination using slit lamp, non-contact tonometry, applanation tonometry, direct and indirect ophthalmoscope were performed. RESULTS: Out of 42 patients of HZO, 33 had one or more type of ocular manifestation staring from lid skin involvement to conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic neuritis but no retinal manifestation. More number of HZO cases and ocular manifestation were found with advancement of ages. Young HZO patients were more associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and HIV infected people with HZO infection had more ocular manifestation. Male to female ratio was 2:1 among HZO cases but ocular manifestation occurred more among males. Female with advanced age were involved more. Lid involvement (73.81%), conjunctivitis (69.05%), and keratitis (59.52%) were most common ocular manifestation followed by anterior uveitis (30.95%) and episcleritis (11.90%). Ocular hypertension (42.86%) was associated with almost every ocular manifestation. Among the cases of more than 45 years of age, 9.52% patients acquired 6/6 vision compared to 7.14% patients at and below 45 years of age after 8wk of follow up. CONCLUSION: The visual outcomes are poor in HZO with advanced age group. Visual outcome of the affected eyes is poor than unaffected eyes. The loss of vision is mainly due to keratitis, anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, and optic neuritis.     

干眼症误诊临床分析

目的：分析干眼症的误诊原因,探讨防止误诊的措施。方法：对178例干眼症误诊进行回顾性临床分析,以干眼症的三项检查结果（泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光素染色）为诊断标准。结果：误诊疾病包括流行性角结膜炎、病毒性角膜炎、点状角膜炎、慢性结膜炎;误诊时间1个月－3年8个月;误诊原因为忽视干眼症的临床特点和对其病情缺乏全面系统分析。结论：症状是干眼症诊断的重要依据,结合传统的干眼症诊断试验检查可减少其误诊的发生。     

Clinical and epidemiological features of acute follicular conjunctivitis with special reference to that caused by herpes simplex virus type 1

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is reported by the national surveillance of ocular infectious diseases in Japan that 4.3% of cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) diagnosed clinically were caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV). Clinical and virological studies of patients with HSV conjunctivitis were carried out. METHODS: The study population consisted of 478 patients with acute follicular conjunctivitis. Virological analysis was carried out for adenovirus (Ad) and HSV by the cell culture method and fluorescein antibody (FA) method. Polymerase chain reaction for Chlamydia trachomatis was also carried out. RESULTS: From 23 patients, HSV type 1 was isolated but Ad or C trachomatis was not isolated. 87% of cases were unilateral. Most cases showed clinical resolution within 9 days. Early corneal lesions and preauricular lymphadenopathy were less frequent in HSV conjunctivitis than in adenoviral conjunctivitis, especially that due to subgenus D. No case showed a positive result for HSV by the FA method using conjunctival swabs; however, the FA test was positive in all strains isolated by cell culture. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that it is difficult clinically to differentiate HSV conjunctivitis from adenoviral conjunctivitis in the acute stage, since the clinical features of adenoviral conjunctivitis are similar to those of HSV conjunctivitis. A biological difference may exist between HSV strains causing keratitis and conjunctivitis.     

Severe infective keratitis leading to hospital admission in New Zealand

AIM: To identify key risk factors and the management and outcome of severe infective keratitis leading to public hospital admission in New Zealand. METHODS: Over a 2 year period, all admissions of presumed infective keratitis to Auckland Hospital were identified. The clinical records of all 103 cases were retrospectively reviewed with respect to clinical features, risk factors, management, and outcomes. RESULTS: The mean time from first symptoms or signs and presentation to hospital was 8.9 (SD 15.5) days. The majority of subjects, 88%, had at least one of the risk factors commonly associated with infective keratitis including previous ocular surgery (30%), contact lens wear (26%), topical corticosteroid use (25%), and ocular trauma (24%). Corneal scraping was performed in 92% and of a total of 105 scrapes, 71% were positive. Bacteria were isolated in all these cases, the majority being Gram positive organisms (72%). The most common isolates identified were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (16%), Propionibacterium acnes (14%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (11%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (9%). In addition, yeasts were isolated in 5%, fungi in 4%, virus in 2%, and chlamydia in 1%. Importantly, polymicrobial infection accounted for 33% of culture positive cases. Antimicrobial treatment was changed on the basis of culture results in 17 cases (16.5%). Median initial visual and final best corrected visual acuity was 6/36-6/48 (logMAR 0.86) (IQR 0.39-2.00) and 6/12-6/15 (logMAR 0.360) (IQR 0.15-1.70), respectively. Previous ocular surgery and topical corticosteroid use were significantly associated with poorer visual acuity. The mean hospital stay was 5.8 days and the median 4.0 (IQR 2.0-8.0) days. Longer duration of stay was associated with the presence of hypopyon, larger ulcers, previous ocular surgery, and poor visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Infectious keratitis is an important cause of ocular morbidity. A significant proportion of cases have potentially modifiable risk factors. Previous ocular surgery and topical corticosteroid use, in particular, were associated with poorer visual outcomes. Many cases of severe keratitis might be avoided, or their severity reduced, by appropriate education of patients and ophthalmologists.     

Vibrio ocular infections on the U.S. Gulf Coast

PURPOSE: To describe the epidemiology of Vibrio eye infections. METHOD: We reviewed the records of a patient from our institution with V. vulnificus keratitis and conducted a literature search for other cases of ocular infections with Vibrio species. RESULTS: A 39-year-old fisherman was struck in his left eye with an oyster shell fragment, developed suppurative V. vulnificus keratitis, and was successfully treated with combined cefazolin and gentamicin. Including our patient, 17 cases of eye infections with Vibrio spp. have been reported, and 11 (65%) involved exposure to seawater or shellfish. Of the seven cases due to V. vulnificus (six keratitis and one endophthalmitis), six had known exposure to shellfish or seawater along the U.S. coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Of five cases of V. alginolyticus conjunctivitis, three had been exposed to fish or shellfish. Three infections with V. parahaemolyticus (one keratitis and two endophthalmitis) were reported; two of these occurred in people exposed to brackish water on or near the Gulf Coast. Two cases of postsurgical endophthalmitis, one with V. albensis and one with V. fluvialis, also were reported. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to septicemia, gastroenteritis, and wound infections, halophilic noncholera Vibrio species can cause sight-threatening ocular infections. Ocular trauma by shellfish from contaminated water is the most common risk factor for Vibrio conjunctivitis and keratitis. Nearly one half of reported Vibrio infections of the eye occurred along the U.S. coast of the Gulf of Mexico.     

左氧氟沙星治疗重症细菌性眼病的疗效及耐药性

目的：研究左氧氟沙星治疗重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎的疗效以及耐药性。

方法：将我院收治的195例重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎患者作为观察对象,随机均分为A组、B组和C组,分别给予左氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星和氯霉素进行治疗,统计治疗数据,评价不同治疗方法治疗的效果和耐药性。

结果：采用左氧氟沙星治疗的A组患者痊愈54例(83.1%),显效7例(10.8%),有效3例(4.6%),无效1例(1.5%); 采用氧氟沙星治疗的B组患者痊愈25例(38.5%),显效6例(9.2%),有效23例(35.4%),无效11例(16.9%); 采用氯霉素治疗的C组患者痊愈4例(6.2%),显效3例(4.6%),有效36例(55.4%),无效22例(33.8%),组间治疗效果和耐药性存在显著差异(P<0.05)。

结论：左氧氟沙星治疗重症细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎起效快,效果好,不易产生抗药性,值得推广借鉴。