曼性心力衰竭患者血浆B型利钠肽的变化及其监测意义

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者血浆B型利钠肽（BNP）的变化及其监测意义。方法选取本院心内科2010年7月。2012年7月收治的80例慢性心力衰竭患者。在患者人院前和治疗后依据NYHA心功能分级、采用ELISA法监测患者的血浆BNP水平,并行超声心动图检查,将其作为观察组,另选30名健康成人作为对照组。结果和对照组相比。观察组患者的各心功能不全血浆BNP水平明显偏高,二者差异具有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）;和治疗前相比．治疗后观察组患者的血浆BNP水平较低,二者差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;血浆BNP水平和LVEDD没有明显的相关性,而和LVEF呈负相关关系;随着心力衰竭程度越重,血浆BNP水平越高。结论慢性心力衰竭患者血浆B型利钠肽水平升高是患者早期心功能受损的敏感指标,对快速诊断和治疗慢性心力衰竭患者及迅速判断心衰严重程度有极为重要的临床价值和意义。     

氨基末端B型脑利钠肽前体在中老年人健康体检及随访中的意义

<正>血浆脑利钠肽(BNP)是一种B型利钠肽,心脏含量最高,目前被广泛应用于心力衰竭的诊断、急性心力衰竭及哮喘的鉴别、心力衰竭预后判断及疗效评价等[1-6]。由于心血管疾病发展到心力衰竭有一个发生、发展的过程,本研究通过将氨基末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)纳入常规体检项目,通过追踪随访观察,评价NT-proBNP对心力衰竭预警的价值并初步总结出"危急值",现总结如下。     

B型利钠肽与心肾综合征相关性的临床研究

目的探讨B型利钠肽与心肾综合征的临床相关性。方法选取我院近年来收治的心力衰竭患者226例,将患者根据有无合并肾功能损害将其分为两组,单纯心力衰竭组113例,心肾综合征组103例。观察记录患者的心力衰竭症状以及各项体征指标,对患者的血肌酐和血尿素氮水平进行化验。对患者的B型利钠肽和氨基末端B型利钠肽前体进行检验分析。结果心肾综合征组的113例患者的BNP、NT-proBNP显著高于单纯心力衰竭组患者,比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);心肾综合征组患者以24.3%的病死率显著高于单纯心力衰竭组患者,比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);心肾综合征组患者的死亡时间为1³0 d,平均死亡时间为5 d,单纯心力衰竭组患者的死亡时间为330 d,平均死亡时间为5 d,单纯心力衰竭组患者的死亡时间为3¹2 d,平均死亡时间为7 d,两组患者的死亡时间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心肾综合征患者血液的BNP、NT-proBNP的浓度明显的高于单纯的心力衰竭患者,表明了B型利钠肽的失代偿在患者发生心肾综合征中具有重要的作用。     

人冻干重组脑利钠肽联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺对顽固性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的对顽固性心力衰竭患者使用人冻干重组脑利钠肽联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺的疗效进行评估。方法选取顽固性心力衰竭患者120例,随机分为A组、B组和C组各40例,常规基础治疗上,A组给予常规剂量多巴酚丁胺,B组给予人冻干重组脑利钠肽,C组给予人冻干重组脑利钠肽联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺。比较三者临床疗效、左房内径、左心室舒张期末径、左心室射血分数、血浆脑利钠肽等指标。结果C组对顽固性心力衰竭的疗效明显高于A组、B组;与治疗前比较,三组在治疗后72h左室内径减小,左室射血分数提高,血浆BNP水平下降,但以C组效果尤佳。结论人冻干重组脑利钠肽联合小剂量多巴酚丁胺治疗顽固性心力衰竭效果显著,副作用小。     

氮末端脑钠肽在急性冠状动脉综合征中的作用

脑钠肽(BNP)是由心脏分泌的一种神经激素,具有利尿、利钠、扩张血管、抑制交感神经系统及肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统活性、抑制心肌纤维化等多种作用[1].脑钠肽N端片段(NT-proBNP)是BNP前体的裂解产物,其血浆浓度比BNP高,且半衰期长,在常温下稳定性好,临床易于检测[2].研究表明,急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血浆BNP、NT-proBNP水平增加,且与患者病情严重性相关[3].     

N末端脑利钠肽前体、脑利钠肽和醛固酮在2型糖尿病肾病中的临床意义

目的 探讨检测血浆N末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、脑利钠肽(BNP)、醛固酮(Ald)评估2型糖尿病(T2DM)肾病的临床意义.方法 85例T2DM患者分为糖尿病无肾病组(A组,40例)和糖尿病肾病组(B组,45例),健康体检者20例作为正常对照组(C组).采用电化学发光法(ECL)、微粒子化学发光法(CLIA)及放射免疫法(RIA)分别检测三组血浆NT-proBNP、BNP和Ald水平.结果 与C组比较,A组和B组NT-proBNP、BNP水平明显升高(P＜0.05),而Ald明显降低(P＜0.05).与A组比较,B组NT-proBNP、BNP水平明显升高(P＜0.05),而Ald明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 检测血浆NT-proBNP、BNP和Ald可以作为评估T2DM肾病患者心功能状态和预后的指标.     

心衰患者介入治疗后NT-proBNP水平的意义及对心肌功能预测的价值

目的 探讨心力衰竭患者介入治疗后氨基末端脑利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平变化的意义以及对心功能的预测价值.方法 选取该院2011年8月至2012年8月收治的经冠脉介入治疗的100例心力衰竭的患者为研究对象,根据该组患者预后的不同分为无心血管事件组和心血管事件组,测定两组患者的NT-proBNP、C反应蛋白（CRP）、左室射血分数（LVEF）,并计算Gensini积分、Syntax积分,采用Logistic回归分析BNP水平的影响因素.结果 心血管事件组的NT-proBNP、CRP、Gensini积分、Syntax积分显著高于无心血管事件组（P＜0.05）,LVEF显著低于无心血管事件组（P＜0.05）.Logistic回归分析发现,CRP、Gensini积分、Syntax积分与BNP呈相关,LVEF与BNP呈负相关（P＜0.05）.结论 NT-proBNP在一定程度上可反映心力衰竭患者的预后,可作为心功能的预测因子.     

肾功能对心力衰竭患者血清NT-proBNP和BNP的影响

目的探讨肌酐清除率对慢性心力衰竭伴有或不伴有肾功能不全患者血清氮末端前体脑钠肽、羧基端活性段脑钠肽的影响变化规律。方法研究对象为82例因心功能不全入院的慢性心力衰竭患者（28例肾功能正常和54例肾功能不全）,测定血清NT-proBNP、BNP、血肌酐等。结果方差分析示：随着肾功能的恶化,血清NT-proBNP逐渐升高,且有统计学意义（P〈0．001）;XBNP在正常组、肾衰竭代偿组、肾衰竭失代偿组和肾衰竭组无明显差别（P〉0．05）,尿毒症组稍高于肾衰竭期（卢0．0475XNT—proBNP／BNP在各组中比较随着肾功能的恶化逐渐升高,且有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论在慢性心力衰竭合并肾功能不全患者中,biT—proBNP浓度随着肌酐清除率的降低而升高,BNP受到肌酐清除率的影响较小。     

脑钠肽在心力衰竭中的临床意义

目的探讨心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)变化的临床意义。方法选择90例住院心力衰竭患者及门诊选择50例心功能正常者作为研究对象。所有研究对象即刻采集血标本以备血浆检测BNP、血糖、血脂、肝肾功能等,并以超声诊断仪采用辛普森法测定左室射血分数(LVEF)。结果随着心力衰竭程度加重,血浆BNP水平逐渐升高,患者脑钠肽(BNP)与左室射血分数(LVEF)存在良好负相关。结论慢性心力衰竭患者血浆BNP浓度升高,且随心力衰竭程度的增加而显著升高。     

脑利钠肽与心力衰竭的研究进展

脑利钠肽 (BNP)主要由心脏合成和分泌 ,本质上是一种心脏神经激素 ,只有在血容量增加和压力超负荷的情况下才反应性地从心室分泌。BNP可作为心力衰竭的血浆标志物 ,用于心力衰竭的诊断、治疗及预后评估。     

CAN MEASUREMENT OF B-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE LEVELS IMPROVE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION?

1. The measurement of plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) provides useful diagnostic information in patients with suspected heart failure and valuable prognostic information in patients with heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, valvular heart disease and other cardiac pathologies. 2. BNP- and NT-proBNP-guided heart failure therapy improves patient outcomes. 3. An increasing number of studies shows plasma BNP and NT-proBNP levels predict all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events including heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular death in stable patients with or without known cardiovascular disease and provide information about cardiovascular risk additional to that provided by traditional risk factors. 4. Antihypertensive therapy reduces elevated NT-proBNP levels in individuals at increased cardiovascular risk, thereby suggesting that change in NT-proBNP levels provides a measure of risk reduction. 5. Thus, monitoring of BNP and NT-proBNP levels offers the possibilities of improved targeting of individuals with increased cardiovascular risk and optimization of strategies for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. 6. There is need for an outcome study to determine whether BNP- or NT-proBNP-guided therapy improves cardiovascular disease prevention.     

Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on B-type natriuretic peptide circulating levels and loop diuretic dose in a case series of stabilized heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%

Abstract

Sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, was shown to improve outcome in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). There are reasons for believing that the concept that the lower the B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) circulating level the better the prognosis may no longer be correct in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan, since sacubitril may interfere with BNP clearance. We reported a case series of ten patients with stable chronic HF and LVEF ≤35% (mean age: 64?±?8 years; 30% female), referred to our outpatient HF clinic, treated with sacubitril/valsartan, in whom the global amelioration of NYHA class and LVEF was coupled with a clinically significant decrease in BNP levels and a reduction of loop diuretic dose. Average sacubitril/valsartan daily dose was 220?mg. The median duration of treatment was 15?months (range: 6–21?months). Seventy percent of patients exhibited an improvement in exercise tolerance, as indicated by the change in NYHA class. There was also an improvement in LVEF from 28?±?5% to 39?±?7%. Clinically significant reductions in BNP levels were evident, with a median change from 181?pg/ml to 70?pg/ml. Furosemide daily dose decreased from a median of 43.3?mg to 12.5?mg. This case series suggests that BNP may still be valuable for the assessment of ambulatory HF patients, after the optimization of sacubitril/valsartan therapy.     

老年糖尿病并心力衰竭患者糖化血红蛋白与N-末端B型钠尿肽原的相关性研究

目的分析老年糖尿病并心力衰竭患者糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）与N．末端B型钠尿肽原（NT-proBNP）的相关性。方法选择127例老年糖尿病伴有心力衰竭患者,于入院时检测HbAlc及NT—proBNP,将HbAlc分为三组：A组4％≤HbAlc≤6,9％;B组7％≤HbA1≤7．9％;C组HbAlc≥8％。比较各组NT—proBNP的变化。结果A组与b组NT—proBNP差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05,C组较A及B组均有明显升高（P〈0．01）;C组HbAle与NT—proBNP显直线正相关（r=0．558,P〈0．01）。结论老年糖尿病并心力衰竭患者HbAlc维持在4％至7．9％即可;HbAlc可能是老年糖尿病伴心力衰竭患者预后的独立危险因子。     

Intraindividual variability in nifedipine pharmacokinetics and effects in healthy subjects.

The intraindividual variability in pharmacokinetics and effects of oral nifedipine (10 mg), administered with 1 week intervals, was investigated in twelve young healthy subjects. The population estimate of the coefficient of intraindividual variability (CVw) in AUC of nifedipine (13%) was much smaller than the pure between-subject variability (CVb 54%). The long-term (1 1/2 year) intraindividual variability was much larger than the short-term variability. Maximum changes from baseline-values of mean blood pressure (SBP -5%, DBP -4%) and mean heart rate (HR +21%) were small. Individual maximum changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate (SBP, DBP, and HR) and areas under effect curves were highly variable (CVw 34-250%, CVb 8-88%). For most subjects a significant positive linear relation was observed between nifedipine plasma concentration and the change in HR (mean r = 0.63). The CVw in slope (106%) and intercept (685%) were even larger than the high CVb in these parameters (38% and 252%). Changes in blood pressure were not significantly related to nifedipine plasma concentrations within these healthy subjects. The small intraindividual variability in nifedipine pharmacokinetics allows crossover studies to detect pharmacokinetic relationships between nifedipine and other dihydropyridine calcium entry blockers.     

Large intraindividual variability of olanzapine serum concentrations in adolescent patients

Olanzapine (OLZ) is a widely used antipsychotic substance. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of OLZ is recommended but is based on known reference ranges derived from intraindividual and interindividual variability measurements. There have been few studies on the interindividual variability of OLZ serum concentrations in adolescents, and no data on intraindividual variability are available. This study explored the intraindividual variability of OLZ serum concentrations in 85 patients attending a child and adolescent psychiatric hospital (age at first assessment: mean +/- SD, 16.7 +/- 2.0; range, 10.3-20.6 years; 54 male, 31 female). A total of 577 steady-state OLZ serum concentrations (2 to 24 measurements per patient; mean, 6.8, and SD, +/-5.4) were measured, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Intraindividual variability of dose-corrected OLZ serum concentrations was 1.04- to 10.7-fold. The intraindividual variabilities of the metabolites OLZ N-desmethyl (DMO) and OLZ 2-hydroxymethyl (2OH) were 1.08- to 83.2-fold and 1.0- to 47-fold, respectively. Intraindividual variability of OLZ (DMO; 2OH) serum concentration accounted for 47% (89.8%, 74.9%) of total variance. OLZ daily dose, number of co-medications, body mass index (BMI), age, and post-dose interval had a significant influence on the intraindividual variability of dose-corrected OLZ serum concentrations (all P < 0.001). The serum concentrations of OLZ and OLZ metabolites in adolescents show high intraindividual variability, potentially limiting the value of TDM. It is recommended that repeated serum concentration measurements are made in individuals treated with OLZ, in order to obtain a more precise estimate of the intraindividual variability of serum concentrations.     

脑钠素水平与心功能相关性研究

目的:探讨脑钠素(BNP)水平与心功能相关性,进一步说明BNP测定对心衰的重要性.方法:随机选择56例住院心衰患者及52例无器质心脏病患者作为研究对象.人院当日采集血标本以备血浆检测BNP、血糖、血脂等,采用ELISA法测定血浆BNP水平,血浆BNP水平与心功能相关性采用SPSS10.0软件进行分析.结果:随着心衰程度加重,血浆BNP水平逐渐升高,患者BNP降低值与LVEF存在良好负相关.结论:慢性心衰(CHF)患者血浆BNP浓度升高,且随CHF程度的增加而显著升高.     

Pharmacokinetics of bambuterol during oral administration of plain tablets and solution to healthy adults

AIMS: The pharmacokinetics of orally administered bambuterol were investigated in healthy adult subjects, with particular regard to time to steady state, pharmacokinetic linearity, intraindividual variability for the parent drug and its active beta2-adrenergic metabolite terbutaline and bioequivalence between tablet and solution. METHODS: Twenty-six healthy Caucasian subjects were included and 23 (12 women) completed this open, randomised, crossover study. Racemic bambuterol hydrochloride was administered orally as 10 mg, 20 mg, and 10 + 20 mg tablets, and as a solution once daily for 2 weeks at about 19.00 h. Plasma concentrations and urinary recoveries of bambuterol and terbutaline were measured after single doses and during repeated treatments. RESULTS: Absorption of bambuterol was biphasic. The initial rate could not be assessed directly, but it was faster than that during the second phase where absorption was rate-limiting for elimination (mean terminal half-life: 16 h). Steady-state AUC(0,24 h) of bambuterol, reached within 1 week, was not dose-linear. Mean terminal half-life of terbutaline was 22 h and steady-state was reached within one week of bambuterol treatment. Contrary to bambuterol, overall pharmacokinetics of terbutaline indicated dose-linearity. Day-to-day intraindividual variation in AUC(0,24 h) of terbutaline, 15% with the tablet, was half that of bambuterol. Urine data indicated that intraindividual variability was slightly smaller with the solution. Tablets were bioequivalent with the solution with regard to terbutaline (90% confidence interval: 87-100%). CONCLUSIONS: With oral bambuterol steady state was reached within 1 week. Regarding generated terbutaline, pharmacokinetics judged to be were linear, intraindividual variability of AUC at steady state was on average 15% with the tablet, and tablets were bioequivalent with the solution.     

脑钠肽前体与超声心动图左室射血分数评价急性冠脉综合征患者心功能的相关性研究

目的探讨N端脑钠肽前体（NT—proBNP）及超声心动图左室射血分数（LVEF）评价急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者心功能的临床意义。方法研究对象包括本院2009—2010年50例急诊ACS患者（病例组1,再血管化前行常规经胸超声心动图,常规测量各房室大小、瓣口血流速度、E／A值等,并应用Simpson’s法测定所有患者的LVEF,病例组入院24h内测定NT—proBNP,比较NT—proBNP与LVEF、E／A值的相关性。结果病例组LVEF值为（O．519±0．109）;LVEF与NT—proBNP对数值呈显著负相关（r=-0．788,P=0．001）。结论NT—proBNP能较准确的评价急诊ACS患者左室功能,与超声心动图指标LVEF相关性好。     

血浆N末端脑钠肽前体预测阵发性心房颤动药物复律效果的价值

目的探讨非瓣膜性心脏病阵发性心房颤动(房颤)患者药物复律前血浆N末端脑钠肽前体水平对复律效果的预测价值。方法98例非瓣膜性心脏病阵发性房颤患者接受顿服普罗帕酮450～600mg复律治疗,观察患者复律前后血浆N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平变化。结果98例阵发性房颤患者顿服普罗帕酮后48h内57例(58.2%)转复为窦性心律,成功复律组患者复律前血浆NT-proBNP水平为(435.65±156.27)ng/L,明显低于未成功复律组的(482.76±59.86)ng/L,(P<0.01),成功复律组患者复律后1h血浆NT-proBNP水平为(195.61±36.38)ng/L,明显低于复律前的(435.65±156.27)ng/L,(P<0.01),而未成功复律组复律前血浆NT-proBNP为(482.76±59.86)ng/L,与服药后48h的(453.76±143.38)ng/L无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论房颤本身是影响心肌细胞脑钠肽分泌的重要因素,入院时血浆NT-proBNP水平对非瓣膜性心脏病阵发性房颤药物复律效果具有预测价值。     

NT-proBNP对急性心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术后左室重塑及预后的预测价值

目的观察急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者急诊PCI术前后血浆氮末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平变化,探讨NT-p roBNP水平对急诊PCI术后左室重塑及远期预后的价值。方法选择86例AMI患者,46例于胸痛发作12h内行PCI成功者为急诊PCI组,40例未进行PCI者为对照组。应用酶联免疫吸附法测定入院即刻、24h、72h、7天和30天时血浆氮末端脑钠肽前体水平。同时于患者入院时、术后72h和1个月行超声心动图检查,测定左室舒张末期容积指数(LVEDVI)和左室收缩末期容积指数(LVESVI)及左室射血分数(LVEF),并随访6个月,观察主要不良心血管事件的发生情况。结果两组患者基线特征差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),入院时NT-p roBNP、LVEDVI、LVESVI及LVEF两组间相似(P>0.05);急性心肌梗死患者血浆氮末端脑钠肽前体水平较正常人明显升高,但与对照组相比,入院后1d、7d和30d急诊PCI组NT-p roBNP浓度明显降低;NT-p roBNP水平呈单峰曲线,而对照组呈双峰曲线。相关分析表明,NT-proBNP水平可以预测近远期左心室重塑及不良心血管事件的发生。结论急诊PCI可明显降低血浆氮末端脑钠肽前体水平并减轻左心室重塑,AMI患者血浆NT-proBNP水平与其近远期预后相关。