氯胺酮对大鼠海马神经元瞬间外向钾电流的抑制作用

目的：观察氯胺酮对大鼠海马锥体神经元瞬间外向钾电流（I_A）的影响。方法：酶消化法急性分离Wistar大鼠海马锥体神经元,采用全细胞膜片钳技术测定I_A。加用不同浓度（10、30、100、300和1 000 μmol/L）氯胺酮后,计算I_A抑制率,建立氯胺酮的浓度-效应曲线,选择30 μmol/L氯胺酮作I_A稳态激活（及失活）曲线。结果：10 μmol/L的氯胺酮对I_A的电流幅度无影响;30、100、300和1 000 μmol/L的氯胺酮对I_A的电流幅度抑制率分别为（11±2）%、（22±3）%、（45±5）%和(53±5)%。IC₅₀为（130±24）μmol/L, Hill系数为1.19±0.56。30 μmol/L氯胺酮使激活曲线的半数最大激活膜电位（V _{1/ 2}）从（-8.70±0.13） mV 移动到 （-11.2±2.10） mV (n=8, P<0.05), K从（15.0±4.6） mV移动到（17.6±5.7）mV (n=8, P>0.05);失活曲线的V _1/2从（-75.53±7.98） mV移动到（-91.94±11.85） mV（n=8, P < 0.05）,K从（10.5±2.2） mV移动到（8.0±1.2） mV（n=8, P>0.05）。30 μmol/L氯胺酮使I_A的激活和失活曲线均向超极化方向明显移动。 结论： 临床浓度的氯胺酮能够同时加速I_A的激活和失活过程,但加速I_A失活的能力大于其加速I_A激活的能力。氯胺酮对中枢神经系统的作用可能与I_A抑制有关。     

肾上腺髓质素对脓毒性休克大鼠心肌细胞外向钾电流的影响

目的 研究肾上腺髓质素(ADM)对脓毒性休克大鼠心肌细胞外向钾电流的影响.方法 成年大鼠腹腔注射脂多糖(LPS,10 mg/kg)4 h后,分离心室肌细胞.用全细胞膜片钳的方法 记录瞬时外向钾电流(I_(to)),稳态钾电流(I_(ss))和ATP敏感钾电流(I_(K,ATP)).结果 LPS处理对I_(to)和I_(ss)无影响.休克心肌细胞I_(K,ATP)密度[(2.66 ± 0.56)pA/pF(n=12)]较正常心肌细胞值[(0.27 ± 0.08)pA/pF(n=14)]明显增加(P＜0.01).ADM受体拮抗剂ADM-(22-52)可使增加的I_(K,ATP)得到明显的恢复[(0.69 ± 0.21)pA/pF(n=11),P＜0.01 vs LPS 组].而ADM-(22-52)与100 μmol/L氨基胍联合处理几乎可完全取消I_(K,ATP)的增加.结论 脓毒性休克大鼠心肌细胞I_(K,ATP)被激活.ADM 与NO共同参与了脓毒性休克大鼠心肌细胞I_(K,ATP)的激活.     

依托咪酯对大鼠海马 CA1区神经元突触结构电流-电压曲线的离子通道机制研究

目的：探讨静脉麻醉药物依托咪酯对大鼠海马 CA1区兴奋性突触后电流（excitatory postsynaptic cur-rents,EPSCs）的电流-电压（I-V）曲线在离子通道层面的影响机制。方法采用断头法分离 Wistar 大鼠海马脑半球,运用切片机制作400μm 厚度的海马脑部切片。切片分别置于60μL 脂肪乳剂和依托咪酯（相当于10μmol/L）乳剂中孵育40 min。在 Schaeffer 侧支/联合纤维处给予单个刺激,同时改变 CA1锥体神经元细胞膜钳制电位（-100～＋40 mV 时,变化幅度为20 mV）,绘制 I-V 曲线,并且采用膜片钳内面向外式记录技术全程记录外向整流特性的单通道氯电流。结果在保持膜钳制电位-70 mV 的条件下,10μmol/L 的依托咪酯降低反转电位,其电位由-53 mV 左右降低为-60 mV 左右,I-V 曲线左移,相应的单通道氯电流明显增强,通道开放程度增加。结论在静息状态下,依托咪酯主要作用于兴奋性突触后膜 GABAA 受体,通过使其 EPSCs 的离子构成发生变化抑制兴奋性突触活动,此过程中外向的电流分量增加,发生的主要改变可能为氯离子的跨膜转运。     

The effects of paeoniflorin monomer of a Chinese herb on cardiac ion channels

Background  Because of the potential proarrhythmic effect of current antiarrhythmic drugs, it is still desirable to find safer antiarrhythmic drugs worldwide. Paeoniflorin is one of the Chinese herb monomers that have different effects on many ion channels. The present study aimed to determine the effects of paeoniflorin on cardiac ion channels.

Methods  Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record ion channel currents. L-type calcium current (I_Ca-L), inward rectifier potassium current (I_K1), and transient outward potassium current (I_to1) were studied in rat ventricular myocytes and sodium current (I_Na), slow delayed rectifier current (I_Ks), and HERG current (I_Kr) were investigated in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells.

Results  One hundred μmol/L paeoniflorin reduced the peak I_Ca-L by 40.29% at the test potential of +10 mV (from (–9.78±0.52) pA/pF to (–5.84±0.89) pA/pF, n=5, P=0.028). The steady-state activation curve was shifted to more positive potential in the presence of the drug. The half activation potentials were (–11.22±0.27) mV vs. (–5.95±0.84) mV (n=5, P=0.007), respectively. However, the steady-state inactivation and the time course of recovery from inactivation were not changed. One hundred μmol/L paeoniflorin completely inhibited the peak I_Na and the effect was reversible. Moreover, paeoniflorin inhibited the I_K1 by 30.13% at the test potential of –100 mV (from (–25.26±8.21) pA/pF to (–17.65±6.52) pA/pF, n=6, P=0.015) without effects on the reversal potential and the rectification property. By contrast, 100 μmol/L paeoniflorin had no effects on I_to1, I_Ks or I_Kr channels.

Conclusions  The study demonstrated that paeoniflorin blocked I_Ca-L, I_Na, and I_K1 without affecting I_to1, I_Ks, or I_Kr. The multi-channel block effect may account for its antiarrhythmic effects with less proarrhythmic potential.

     

依托咪酯对丘脑腹侧连接核神经元活性的影响

目的:探索依托咪酯对丘脑腹侧连接核神经元活性的影响及机制.方法:在4～5周龄的C57BL/6J小鼠急性脑片上,利用全细胞膜片钳方法检测依托咪酯对丘脑腹侧连接核神经元活性的影响.在电流钳模式下记录丘脑腹侧连接核神经元的电生理特性,然后观察0.5、2.0、8.0μmol/L依托咪酯(分别设为0.5、2.0、8.0μmol/...     

依托咪酯降低新生大鼠离体脊髓腹角神经元的兴奋性及抑制nAChR的功能

目的 研究依托咪酯（ET）对脊髓腹角神经元电生理特性及烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）的影响。方法 选用19只7~12 d新生SD大鼠,麻醉后,将含有腰骶膨大的脊髓分离并切片,用木瓜蛋白酶（0.18 g/30 mL人工脑脊液）消化切片并孵育40 min,显微镜下选取腹角,用抛光的巴斯德吸管进行急性机械分离神经元,对贴壁的健康神经元结合药理学方法进行穿孔膜片钳记录实验。在电流钳模式下,先记录脊髓腹角神经元自发动作电位（AP）,然后结合预处理给药方式,分别记录不同浓度的ET对脊髓腹角神经元自发AP影响。在电压钳模式下,先应用尼古丁在脊髓腹角神经元诱导出内向电流,然后结合预处理给药方式,记录在不同浓度的ET、不同钳制电位以及不同使用时间的情况下,ET对尼古丁在脊髓腹角神经元诱导的内向电流的影响。结果 急性分离的脊髓腹角神经元状态良好,具有形状多样的胞体和完整的突起;共记录到21例脊髓腹角神经元有自发AP,经0.3、3.0、30.0 μmol/L（3.0 μmol/L相当于临床浓度）不同浓度的ET持续灌流2 min后,与给药前比较,结果12例神经元的AP幅度、锋电位幅度及超射分别被浓度依赖性抑制（P<0.01）;自发放电频率降低（P<0.01）。另外9例神经元的AP被3.0或30.0 μmol/L的ET完全取消;在相同钳制电位下（VH=-70 mV）,分别经0.3、3.0和30.0 μmol/L的ET预处理2 min后,对0.4 mmol/L尼古丁诱导的电流幅度显示出浓度依赖性压抑作用（P<0.01, n=7）。将钳制电位分别设定为-30、-50、-70 mV,应用30.0 μmol/L的ET预处理2 min后,对0.4 mmol/L尼古丁诱导的电流幅度呈电压依赖性压抑作用（P<0.01,每个钳制电位下n=6）。在30.0 μmol/L的ET预处理6 min过程中,分别于0、2、4、6 min时先后4次暴露于0.4 mmol/L的尼古丁（每次暴露时间为2 s）,随着暴露次数增多,尼古丁电流幅度逐渐减小;但若在6 min的预处理过程中,仅在开始（0 min）和结束（6 min）时两次暴露于相同浓度尼古丁,则6 min时,电流幅度抑制率较4次暴露尼古丁时的抑制率明显降低（P<0.01, n=6）。结论 ET以浓度依赖的方式降低脊髓腹角神经元的兴奋性,并且以浓度依赖、电压依赖和使用依赖的方式压抑nAChR功能。     

雷诺嗪对兔心室肌细胞快钠电流的影响

目的 研究雷诺嗪对兔心室肌细胞快钠电流的影响.方法 运用全细胞膜片钳记录方法了解雷诺嗪对兔心室肌细胞快钠电流的作用,并了解其是否存在使用依赖性阻滞作用.结果 30μmol/L雷诺嗪对兔心室肌细胞快钠电流有明显的抑制作用,其IC50为(39.3±2.0)μmol/L,并且随着刺激频率的增加其作用加强,存在使用依赖性.结论 雷诺嗪对兔心室肌细胞快钠电流有一定的抑制作用,其存在使用依赖性阻滞作用.     

Changes in delayed rectifier K+ channel function and its regulation by protein kinase C pathway in bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats

Objective To investigate changes in the delayed rectifier K+ channel (Kv) function and the regulation of Kv by the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway in bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats. Methods The Kv currents and membrane potentials in bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats and from controls were observed, using whole cell voltage- and current-patch clamp techniques.Results Bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats showed a significant reduction in Kv-current density (51.6±9.4 pA/pF, n=14, P&lt;0.01) in comparison with those from control rats (72.4±12.3 pA/pF, n=14) at +50 mV. The current-voltage relationship curve exhibited a significant downward shift. Bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats had no significantly different capacitances (P&gt;0.05), but had more positive membrane potential ( P&lt;0.01) compared with those from controls. 1 μmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a PKC activator, caused an obvious reduction in Kv-current density (P&lt;0.01) and a significant downward shift in the current-voltage relationship curve, an effect which was partly abolished by 1 μmol/L Ro31-8220 (a PKC inhibitor); 1 μmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate caused more positive membrane potential (Em), from -36.8±5.7 mV to -30.4±7.3 mV, in rat bronchial myocytes (P&lt;0.05). This effect was partly abolished by 1 μmol/L Ro31-8220. Conclusions Bronchial myocytes from asthmatic rats have inhibited Kv function, more positive membrane potential, and higher excitability, all of which can also be induced by PKC activation. These characteristics may contribute to the development of airway hyperreactivity in asthma.     

多非力特对豚鼠心室肌细胞的电生理作用

目的探讨多非力特对心肌细胞电生理作用的特点。方法（1）应用膜片钳全细胞技术记录单个豚鼠心室肌细胞膜延迟整流性钾流（IK）,观察不同浓度多非力特对IK的影响,并探讨IK的快速激活成分（IKr）的电生理特性。（2）标准微电极技术记录豚鼠右室乳头肌细胞动作电位,观察不同浓度多非力特灌流前后动作电位各参数的变化。结果（1）多非力特0.01～0.5μmol/L呈浓度依赖性抑制IK的时间依赖性外向钾流（IK.time）和尾电流（IK.tail）,但浓度再增大至1μmol/L后,此抑制作用趋于最大。对-20mV钳制电压下IK.time、IK.tail的抑制程度比＋50mV时更明显（P〈0.05或0.01）。（2）通道动力学分析发现,多非力特1μmol/L使IK.tail快失活过程消失,慢失活时间常数无明显变化（P〉0.05）。（3）多非力特敏感的电流成分在-40mV开始呈电压依赖性快速激活,峰值电压为0,开始出现内向整流,其IK.tail也呈电压依赖,无内向整流,但膜电位达＋20mV后达饱和,以上均符合IKr的特点。（4）多非力特对动作电位的影响：0.5和1.0μmol/L浓度下可使动作电位时程（APD30、APD90）均明显延长（P〈0.05或〈0.01）,且呈反转频率依赖性。结论多非力特对IK的作用符合特异性IKr阻滞剂的特点,并呈反转频率依赖性延长APD,是其抗心律失常作用的电生理基础。     

家兔左心房后壁心肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流和L-型钙电流的特征及哇巴因对其影响

目的 探讨家兔左心房后壁(LAPW)和左心耳底部组织(LAA)心肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流(I_(to))及L-型钙电流(I_(Ca-L))的特征以及哇巴因对其影响,提供LAPW和哇巴因在引起家兔左心房电不均一性和离子通道重构的电生理基础.方法 使用离体心脏灌流系统灌注心脏,酶解法分离家兔LAPW和LAA心肌细胞.全细胞膜片钳技术记录两个部位心肌细胞I_(to)和I_(Ca-L)观察哇巴因作用前后I_(to)和I_(Ca-L)的变化,及其拟合后电流-电压(I-V)曲线改变.结果 (1)根据记录I_(to)电压钳制方案,当电位为+50 mV时,在正常对照组,LAPW心肌细胞I_(to)与LAA心房肌细胞I_(to)相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).但经哇巴因作用后,LAPW心肌细胞I_(to)的电流密度为(10.97±0.58)pA/pF(P<0.01),LAA心房肌细胞I_(to)的电流密度为(9.39±0.83)pA/pF(与正常对照组和LAPW心肌细胞I_(to)相比,P<0.05).LAPW心肌细胞I_(to)的I-V曲线在原来最底部移到最上部.所有I-V曲线方向没有发生改变.(2)在记录I_(Ca-L)钳制方式下,正常对照组的LAPW心肌细胞I_(Ca-L)的最大电流密度明显小于LAA心房肌细胞I_(Ca-L)的最大电流密度(P<0.05).但经哇巴因作用后,LAPW心肌细胞I_(Ca-L)最大电流密度为(-11.13±0.99)pA/pF,LAA心房肌细胞I_(Ca-L)为(-8.86±0.51)pA/pF(P<0.01).在正常对照组,LAPW心肌细胞I_(Ca-L)的I-V曲线位于最底部,经哇巴因作用后,LAPW心肌细胞I_(Ca-L)的I-V曲线上移到其他I-V曲线的最上部.每组I_(Ca-L)的I-V曲线整个形态没有发生明显变化,峰值的方向没有发生改变.结论 LAPW心肌细胞存在离子流特异性差异,哇巴因加重LAPW心肌细胞I_(to)和I_(Ca-L)大小异质性和重新分配,这可能成为心房颤动易发性的启动因素和维持条件.     

大蒜素对HEK293细胞HERG电流的阻滞作用

目的研究大蒜素对HEK293 细胞HERG电流的作用,探讨其抗心律失常的可能机制。方法采用瞬时转染的方法,将
HERG通道质粒转入HEK293细胞上,应用细胞外局部灌流法于膜片钳高阻抗封接形成后给予大蒜素,使其终浓度为30 μmol/L。
室温下,采用全细胞膜片钳技术在电压钳形模式下记录电流和门控动力学,观察大蒜素对HERG电流的作用。结果30 μmol/L
大蒜素对正常大鼠心室肌细胞HERG电流有显著的阻滞效应,使其尾电流密度由73.5±4.3 pA/pF降低至42.1±3.6 pA/pF（P<
0.01,n=14）。其作用呈浓度依赖性。半数抑制浓度为34.74 μmol/L,Hill系数为1.01。大蒜素可使HERG的电流-电压曲线降
低,且随着去极化电位的增加,作用更加明显,提示其作用具有电压依赖性,门控机制研究发现大蒜素可以使通道激活曲线向更
正的方向移动,进而延迟激活;使通道稳态失活更负的方向移动,导致失活加速。同时,使通道灭活的慢时间常数缩短,从而加
速通道的灭活。结论大蒜素抑制HEK293细胞上HERG电流,提示这可能是其治疗心律失常的细胞电生理基础。
     

胡椒碱对H2O2所致兔心房肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流异常的保护作用

目的研究胡椒碱对H2O2引起的兔单个心房肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)异常的保护作用。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术分析50μmol/L的H2O2对兔单个心房肌细胞Ito的影响,并研究预先应用7μmol/L的胡椒碱对其的保护作用。结果 7μmol/L胡椒碱对正常兔心房肌细胞Ito及其通道动力学无显著影响。在50μmol/L H2O2作用下,兔心房肌细胞Ito峰值由(39.3±5.4)pA/pF降低至(32.8±2.0)pA/pF(P<0.05),电流-电压曲线下移,通道稳态激活曲线右移,通道稳态失活曲线及恢复时间不变,关闭态失活加速。预先给予7μmol/L胡椒碱,明显减轻H2O2对Ito的抑制作用(P<0.01),并可减轻H2O2对瞬时外向钾通道动力学的异常影响。结论胡椒碱可减轻氧化应激对心房肌细胞Ito的影响。     

Inhibitory effect of unaggregated amyloid beta protein (25-35) on delayed rectifier potassium current in rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of unaggregated Abeta(25.35) on delayed rectifier potassium current (I(K)) in neonatal rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. METHODS: The rat hippocampal neurons were enzymatically isolated from 10-11-day-old Wistar rat. The I(K) was recorded using whole-cell patch clamp technique. RESULTS: The inhibitory effect of unaggregated Abeta(25-35) on I(K) was time-dependent, because I(K) significantly decreased from (6.987 +/- 1.152) nA to (2.540 +/- 0.349) nA after adding unaggregated Abeta(25-35) and reached a stabilized level after 5-7 min (n = 8, P <0.01). However, the inhibitory effect was not concentration-dependent, because the decrease of the I(K) amplitude in different concentration groups were all around 60%. Unaggregated Abeta(25-35) also remarkably affected the half-activation potential, which was (4.114 +/- 0.730) mV and (-5.463 +/- 0.950) mV before and after its application (n = 15, P <0.05); however, the slope factor of activation curve was not significantly changed. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of unaggregated Abeta(25-35) on I(K) may be a possible mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.     

腺苷对原代培养的大鼠海马神经元大电导钙激活钾通道的作用

目的在离子通道水平研究腺苷对原代培养的大鼠海马神经元大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa)的作用。方法采用新生24h的乳鼠,取出海马,清除表面血管,以胰酶消化和巴氏管吹打的方法制备海马神经元,细胞培养6～8d后,MAPⅡ染色鉴别神经元表面标志;采用全细胞膜片钳技术,对细胞进行封接、破膜并记录BKCa通道电流,以细胞旁方式给药观察不同浓度腺苷对BKCa通道的作用。结果原代培养的海马神经元上可以成功记录到BKCa电流,其为一组幅值较大,可以快速激活且几乎不失活的外向电流;腺苷(1～100μmol/L)可以增大BKCa电流,浓度越高,增长幅度越大;100μmol/L腺苷对BKCa电流的影响具有电压依赖性,同时它还可以使BKCa电流的激活曲线负向漂移。结论腺苷可以增大海马神经元BKCa电流幅值,这可能是腺苷作为内源性抗癫痫物质发挥抗癫痫作用的机制之一。     

氯胺酮、咪达唑仑及丙泊酚对发育期神经元细胞内钙的影响

目的：探讨氯胺酮、咪达唑仑及丙泊酚对大鼠发育期海马神经元细胞内钙浓度的影响．方法：将原代培养第5日的大鼠海马神经元用10μmol／L的Ca2＋指示剂Fluo-4共孵育30min洗涤后,分别加入150μmol／L氯胺酮,咪达唑仑3μmol／L,丙泊酚10μmol／L,采用激光共聚焦显微镜选定多个细胞分别测定荧光强度的变化．结果：氯胺酮使体外培养第5日的海马神经元代表钙浓度的荧光强度明显下降[（987±307）vs（766±226）,P〈0．05],咪达唑仑,丙泊酚均使体外培养5d的海马神经元荧光强度明显升高[（1707±514）vs（2663±572）,（1057±353）vs（1749±708）,P〈0．05]．结论：阻滞NMDA受体的氯胺酮降低发育期海马神经元细胞内钙浓度,而兴奋GABA。受体的咪达唑仑,丙泊酚则会升高细胞内钙浓度．     

高K~+阻止神经元凋亡与cAMP关系的研究

原代培养的新生大鼠小脑颗粒神经元经 5mmol/LKCl或 2 5mmol/LKCl或 5mmol/LKCl+ 10 μmol/LFK处理 ,用二乙酸荧光素 (FDA)染色法测定存活细胞数及用碘标放射免疫法测定神经细胞内cAMP浓度 ([cAMP]i)。结果表明 :①幸存神经元数 :高钾组 199.11± 2 4.0 0 ,低钾组 47.5 6± 11.0 9,FK组 2 0 1.11± 2 7.43;② [cAMP]i(pmol/孔 ) :高钾组 0 .5 8±0 .2 2 0 ,低钾组 0 .32± 0 .10 6 ,FK组 2 .2 0± 0 .46 9。认为高K+ 阻止原代培养新生大鼠小脑颗粒神经元凋亡的效应与cAMP无关。     

Effects of WIN 55,212-2 on I_K Current in Cultured Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons of Rat

The trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons are oneof the primary sensory neurons. It contains severaltypes of voltage gated potassium channels, whichinclude those that activate rapidly and inactivateslowly (IK) and those that activate and inactivaterapidly (IA) [1]. Primary afferents are a functional ly diverse population of neurons that transduce andencode a variety of stimuli. Some of this diversitymay reflect a different distribution of voltage gatedK+ currents, a class of currents…     

探讨新生儿重症高胆红素血症换血治疗的临床效果

目的：研究换血疗法对重症高胆红素血症新生患儿的临床治疗效果。方法随机选择该院2011年1月—2015年6月期间收治的重症高胆红素血症新生患儿60例为调查对象,对患儿进行换血治疗,观察换血治疗前后患儿的血液指标变化情况。结果治疗前,新生患儿TBIL为(428±16.6)μmol/L,DBIL为(37.2±16.6)μmol/L,IBIL为(388.9±20.3)μmol/L;治疗后,新生患儿的TBIL为(189.3±12.2)μmol/L,DBIL为(27.7±11.3)μmol/L,IBIL为(178.8±14.6)μmol/L,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,新生患儿的K＋(3.8±0.6)mmol/L、Na＋(136.8±4.2)mmol/L、Ca2＋(2.2±0.39)mmol/L;治疗后新生患儿的K＋(3.6±0.9)mmol/L、Na＋(139.8±3.6)mmol/L、Ca2＋(2.3±0.26)mmol/L;组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。新生患儿凝血功能以及血液中的钾离子、钙离子和钠离子水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对重症高胆红素血症新生患儿实施换血疗法,不仅能够有效帮助其降低血液中的胆红素水平血液中的钾离子、钙离子和钠离子水平,还能够帮助新生患儿维持电解质平衡,对新生患儿的凝血功能以及体征无影响,安全性较高,值得在临床上推广和使用。     

Effects of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor, KN-93, on electrophysiological features of rabbit hypertrophic cardiac myocytes

Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in clinical settings and the incidence of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias are closely related.The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase(CaMK) Ⅱ inhibitor,KN-93,on L-type calcium current(I Ca,L) and early after-depolarizations(EADs) in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes.A rabbit model of myocardial hypertrophy was constructed through abdominal aortic coarctation(LVH group).The control group(sham group) received a sham operation,in which the abdominal aortic was dissected but not coarcted.Eight weeks later,the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) was evaluated using echocardiography.Individual cardiomyocyte was isolated through collagenase digestion.Action potentials(APs) and I Ca,L were recorded using the perforated patch clamp technique.APs were recorded under current clamp conditions and I Ca,L was recorded under voltage clamp conditions.The incidence of EADs and I ca,L in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were observed under the conditions of low potassium(2 mmol/L),low magnesium(0.25 mmol/L) Tyrode’s solution perfusion,and slow frequency(0.25-0.5 Hz) electrical stimulation.The incidence of EADs and I ca,L in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were also evaluated after treatment with different concentrations of KN-92(KN-92 group) and KN-93(KN-93 group).Eight weeks later,the model was successfully established.Under the conditions of low potassium,low magnesium Tyrode’s solution perfusion,and slow frequency electrical stimulation,the incidence of EADs was 0/12,11/12,10/12,and 5/12 in sham group,LVH group,KN-92 group(0.5 μmol/L),and KN-93 group(0.5 μmol/L),respectively.When the drug concentration was increased to 1 μmol/L in KN-92 group and KN-93 group,the incidence of EADs was 10/12 and 2/12,respectively.At 0 mV,the current density was 6.7±1.0 and 6.3±0.7 PA·PF-1 in LVH group and sham group,respectively(P>0.05,n=12).When the drug concentration was 0.5 μmol/L i     

丹参注射液对模拟缺血预适应引起兔心室肌细胞动作电位和ATP敏感性钾电流变化的影响

目的:探讨丹参注射液对模拟缺血预适应引起兔心室肌细胞动作电位和ATP敏感性钾电流(IK(ATP))变化的影响,试图揭示其保护心肌缺血-再灌注损伤,抗缺血性心律失常作用的离子机制。方法:采用酶解法分离兔左心室细胞,按先后顺序,用正常Tyrode液和模拟缺血液以及模拟缺血液加丹参(750 mg.L-1)灌流,利用膜片钳全细胞记录技术记录不同条件下动作电位和IK(ATP)前后变化。结果:①模拟缺血液灌流后动作电位时程(APD)复极化的50%(APD50)和90%(APD90)分别缩短(与正常组相比P<0.05,n=12);模拟缺血液加丹参灌流,APD50和APD90缩短更加明显,分别缩短了80.46%和71.87%(与正常组相比P<0.01,与模拟缺血液组相比P<0.05,n=12)。静息电位和动作电位幅值无明显改变;②经模拟缺血液灌流,引起IK(ATP)通道的开放,膜电流显示外向性直线形,发生率为58.33%(7/12,P<0.05)。模拟缺血液加丹参,更容易引起IK(ATP)开放,膜电流曲线完全成为直线,诱发率为91.67%(11/12,与正常组和模拟缺血液组相比P<0.05);③Glibenclimide能使这种外向性直线形膜电流恢复为“N”形,证明这种膜电流为IK(ATP);经丹参作用后,改用正常Tyrode液冲洗,心肌细胞上结合的丹参可以被洗脱以及从模拟缺血液中得到恢复。结论:丹参能产生类似心肌缺预适应的病理生理过程,起到了ATP敏感性钾通道开放剂效应,这可能是丹参对心肌缺血预适应的保护作用具有增强效应电生理基础。