伊立替康联合顺铂对比伊立替康单药二线治疗晚期胃癌的临床研究

目的 探讨伊立替康（CPT-11）联合顺铂（DDP）方案与CPT-11单药治疗晚期胃癌的疗效、远期生存和毒副反应。方法 收集2012年6月至2014年1月复治晚期胃腺癌患者168例,随机分为CPT-11+DDP组（n=84）和CPT-11组（n=84）。CPT-11联合DDP方案：CPT-11 250 mg/m2静滴,d1;DDP 70 mg/m2静滴,d1,21天为1周期。CPT-11方案：CPT-11 250 mg/m2 d1静滴,21天为1周期。化疗2个周期后进行近期疗效评价,并比较两组的远期生存和不良反应。结果168例均可评价疗效。CPT-11+DDP组获CR 3例、PR 11例、SD 44例,有效率（RR）为167%,疾病控制率（DCR）为890%。CPT-11组获CR 1例、PR 12例、SD 41例,RR 为155%,DCR 为643%。两组RR和DCR的差异均无统计学意义（P=0834,P=0513）。CPT-11+DDP组和CPT-11组的无进展生存期分别为46个月和41个月（P=0522）,中位总生存期分别为138个月和125个月（P=0185）。亚组分析显示,在肠型腺癌中CPT-11+DDP组的中位总生存期优于CPT-11组（156个月vs. 136个月,P=0.016）。CPT-11+DDP组3～4级贫血、肝功能损害以及1～4级肾功能损害的发生率高于CPT-11组,而CPT-11组1～4级便秘和口腔黏膜炎的发生率均高于CPT-11+DDP组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 CPT-11联合DDP方案较单药CPT-11方案二线治疗晚期胃癌并未带来生存获益,但对于晚期肠型胃癌具有优势,且安全性良好,值得进一步深入观察。     

Second-line chemotherapy with irinotecan plus cisplatin after the failure of S-1 monotherapy for advanced gastric cancer

Background

For advanced gastric cancer (AGC), second-line chemotherapy after the failure of S-1 has not yet been established. The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan plus cisplatin (IP) therapy after the failure of S-1 in patients with AGC.

Methods

The subjects included 87 patients with AGC who received IP therapy as second-line chemotherapy. Irinotecan (70 mg/m²) was administered by intravenous infusion followed by an intravenous infusion of cisplatin (80 mg/m²) on day 1. On day 15, irinotecan (70 mg/m²) alone was administered. The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks until disease progression, patient refusal, or severe adverse events.

Results

The median patient age was 62 years (range, 39–75 years), and the median number of treatment cycles was 3 (range, 1–9). Out of the 87 patients, 70 were assessable for clinical response. There were 2 complete responses and 18 partial responses. The overall response rate was 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18.4%–40.6%) and the disease control ratio was 70.0%. The median time to progression and median survival time from the first day of IP therapy were 4.3 months and 9.4 months, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 34.6%. Severe (grade 3/4) leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in 34%, 40%, 28%, and 8% of patients, respectively. Grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities included anorexia (17%), febrile neutropenia (10%), diarrhea (6%), fatigue (5%), nausea (2%), and elevated creatinine (1%).

Conclusions

The combination of irinotecan plus cisplatin as second-line chemotherapy for AGC appears to be an effective and feasible treatment option after S-1 failure.     

Combination chemotherapy of irinotecan plus cisplatin for advanced gastric cancer: efficacy and feasibility in clinical practice

Background. A previous phase II study showed that a combination of irinotecan (CPT-11) with cisplatin (CDDP) was effective for advanced gastric cancers, but was associated with substantial neutropenia and diarrhea. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the combination in clinical practice. Methods. The subjects comprised 65 patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with CPT-11 (70 mg/m², day 1, day 15) and CDDP (80 mg/m², day 1) as first-line chemotherapy between April 1993 and March 1999. Patient backgrounds, response rates, response durations, times to progression, and survival rates were investigated retrospectively. Results. The overall response rate and the response rates for measurable metastatic lesions and primary sites were 43% (28/65), 48% (31/64), and 24% (10/42). Leucopenia of grade 4 and diarrhea of grade 3 or 4 were observed in 6 (9%) and 5 (8%) patients, respectively. Among the 19 patients with peritoneal metastasis, leucopenia of grade 4 and diarrhea of grade 3 or 4 were observed in only 1 of the 18 patients who received sufficient oral intake (6%). There were no treatment-related or early deaths within 30 days from the last treatment day. The median survival times of all patients, patients with an intestinal type of adenocarcinoma, and patients with a diffuse type were 365, 472, and 291 days, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the histological type of cancer was a significant independent prognostic factor (P = 0.0169). Conclusion. This retrospective study confirmed the efficacy and feasibility of this combination therapy in clinical practice. Received: April 16, 2001 / Accepted: July 27, 2001     

替吉奥联合顺铂与5-氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌对照研究的Meta分析

目的:比较替吉奥联合顺铂方案(SP方案)和5-氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂方案(FP方案)一线治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及安全性。方法:计算机检索Pubmed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、ASCO会议摘要、中国期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库等,同时追查纳入文献的参考文献,纳入SP方案对比FP方案治疗晚期胃癌的随机对照试验(RCT)。根据Cochrane Handbook 5.0的质量评价标准,用RevMan 5.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:纳入4项RCT,1 263例患者,Meta分析结果显示,采用SP方案与FP方案治疗后疗效相当(OR=1.58,95%CI:0.76～3.29,P=0.22),但可以降低3/4级血小板减少(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.40～0.85,P=0.004)及恶心呕吐(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.52～0.95,P=0.02)发生率;亚组分析(中国人群),纳入3项RCT,234例患者,Meta分析结果显示,与FP方案相比,SP方案可提高患者有效率(OR=2.39,95%CI:1.30～4.38,P=0.005),但不能降低不良反应发生率,差异均无统计学意义。结论:SP方案与FP方案在有效率方面疗效相当,但可以增加安全性,不良反应发生率与FP方案类似,但由于研究例数较少,该结论尚待进一步扩大样本量进行评估。     

Second-line chemotherapy with combined irinotecan and low-dose cisplatin for patients with metastatic gastric carcinoma resistant to 5-fluorouracil

Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is still the mainstay of systemic treatment for patients with metastatic gastric cancer, many patients do not show satisfactory response to this drug. We treated patients with metastatic gastric cancer resistant to 5-FU with a combination of irinotecan hydrochloride (I) and low-dose cisplatin (P). Twenty-one consecutive patients with advanced metastatic gastric cancer and performance status of 0-2, who had received prior chemotherapy with S-1, but had nonetheless shown unrelenting tumor progression, were treated with 60 mg/m(2) of I combined with 6 mg/m(2) of P, administered by intravenous infusion over 90 min following premedication with azasetron (I/low-P). I/low-P was repeated weekly for 3 weeks with the patient admitted to hospital, and thereafter, fortnightly on an outpatient basis. Seven, eight and six of the total of 21 patients had liver metastases, lymph node metastases and peritoneal dissemination, respectively. Objective response was observed in 11 of the 21 patients (52%; 95% confidence interval: 31-78%). Two (18%) and nine (82%) of these 11 patients exhibited complete and partial response, respectively. The median duration of the response was 7.9 months. The treatment regimen under study was tolerated very well by the patients. Thirteen of the 21 patients (62%) developed grade 1 or 2 leucopenia, which was the most common adverse reaction recorded. Diarrhea and nausea, grade I in all of the cases, occurred in five (22%) and nine (43%) patients, respectively. Based on its remarkable effectiveness, marked improvement in the quality of life of the patients, and the convenience of its administration, the I/low-P regimen is recommended as a promising second-line chemotherapeutic regimen for patients with metastatic gastric cancer resistant to 5-FU.     

A case of esophageal small cell carcinoma with multiple liver metastases responding to chemotherapy with irinotecan plus cisplatin

We report a case of small cell esophageal carcinoma (SCEC) with multiple liver metastases treated with some success by chemotherapy with irinotecan (CPT-11) plus cisplatin (CDDP). Radiologic and endoscopic examination of a 75-year-old man with multiple liver tumors disclosed a 4.0-cm type 2 tumor in the middle third of the esophagus. An endoscopically obtained biopsy specimen was diagnosed as undifferentiated small cell carcinoma. Multiple liver metastases were confirmed but lymph node metastases and distant metastases other than those in the liver were not detected. After six courses of chemotherapy with CPT-11 plus CDDP, the primary lesion showed complete response and liver metastases showed partial response. However, because all lesions almost immediately relapsed or progressed, arterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastases and radiation for the primary lesion were given as second-line treatment. The primary lesion showed complete response with radiation. Arterial infusion chemotherapy prevented the progression of liver metastases once, but the patient died of liver failure at last. No distant lesions including metastatic lymph nodes were confirmed over the course of his illness, and the patient survived for a year after first diagnosis. Although the prognosis of SCEC is quite unfavorable due to highly aggressive behavior, a better prognosis is possible with effective chemotherapy and second-line treatment is important in improving prognosis.     

Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin is highly effective for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Radiotherapy (RT) with concomitant chemotherapy (CT) has improved the therapeutic outcome of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANC). However, the importance of induction CT before definitive therapy is still undefined. Patients (n=59) who had LANC were included in this retrospective study. They received induction CT consisting of cisplatin and docetaxel followed by definitive RT with cisplatin. The median age was 49 years (18-68). All patients were of stages II (15%), III (63%) and IV (22%). Fifty eight patients could receive 3 cycles of CT. Except one patient, there was no grade 3 or 4 toxicity during induction CT. Chemoradiotherapy could be given to 49 patients (83%). Twelve percent of patients had complete response after induction CT and this number had increased to 95% after the completion of the therapy. Objective responses (complete and partial) were 100% after the completion of the therapy. Median follow up time was 29 months. Nine patients had relapse (2 had local only, 4 distant, 3 local and distant). Three patients who had both local and distant relapse died during follow-up. Three year overall and progression free survival rates were 94.9% and 84.7%, respectively. Induction CT with docetaxel and cisplatin is a feasible and tolerable treatment for patients with LANC.     

Adjuvant chemotherapy with irinotecan hydrochloride and cisplatin for clear cell carcinoma of the ovary

Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary has distinct characteristics showing resistance to conventional platinum-based regimen. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy with irinotecan hydrochloride and cisplatin (CPT-P), comparing to regimen with paclitaxel and platinum (TP). We retrospective reviewed 172 patients with complete surgical staging procedures including lymphadenenctomy. Forty-six patients received CPT-P and 126 patients were treated with TP. Survival of the two groups was compared. Between CPT-P group and TP group, there was no significant difference in median age, performance status, FIGO stage, rate of optimal cytoreduction, and follow-up period. There was no significant difference in progression-free survival of patients with stage I tumors (p=0.95) and suboptimally debulked stage II-IV tumors (p=0.92). Although there was no significant difference of overall survival, progression-free survival of CPT-P group was significantly better than that of TP group in optimally debulked stage II-IV (p=0.03). Multiple regression survival analysis revealed CPT-P regimen (p=0.02) and residual tumor diameter (p<0.01) were both independent prognostic factors in stage II-IV tumors. The combination of CPT-P was shown to have a potential therapeutic benefit for advanced CCC of the ovary, especially for cases with optimal debulking surgery. However, this is a limited retrospective study, therefore we recommend that the CPT-P regimen be evaluated in a larger prospective study.     

A pilot study of adjuvant chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin for completely resected high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and small cell lung cancer)

Background

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are recognized as high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (HGNEC) of the lung. In patients with completely resected HGNEC, platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy may be considered. However, the optimum chemotherapy regimen has not been determined. We conducted a multicenter single-arm phase II trial to evaluate irinotecan and cisplatin in postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for HGNEC patients.

Patients and methods

Patients with completely resected stage I–IIIA HGNEC received four cycles of irinotecan (60 mg/m², day 1, 8, 15) plus cisplatin (60 mg/m², day 1). This regimen was repeated every 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the rate of completion of chemotherapy (defined as having undergone three or four cycles), and secondary endpoints were the rate of 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS), rate of 3-year survival and toxicities.

Results

Forty patients were enrolled between September 2007 and April 2010. Patients’ characteristics were: median age (range) 65 [45–73] years; male 85%; ECOG-PS 1 60%; LCNEC 57% and SCLC 43%; stage IA/IB/IIB/IIIA 32/35/8/5%; 95% received lobectomy. The rate of completion of chemotherapy was 83% (90% C.I.; 71–90%). The rate of overall survival at 3 years was estimated at 81%, and that of RFS at 3 years was 74%. The rates of overall survival and RFS at 3 years were 86 and 74% among 23 LCNEC patients, and 74 and 76% among 17 SCLC patients, respectively. Nineteen patients (48%) experienced grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, but only five patients (13%) developed febrile neutropenia. Two patients (5%) developed grade 3 diarrhea, and four patients (10%) had grade 3 nausea. No treatment-related deaths were observed in this study. All 40 specimens were also diagnosed as HGNEC by central pathological review.

Conclusions

The combination of irinotecan and cisplatin as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was feasible and possibly efficacious for resected HGNEC.     

Doublet regimen of cisplatin plus docetaxel for second-line chemotherapy after prior therapy with cisplatin plus irinotecan for non-small cell lung cancer: a phase II study

Background To evaluate the safety and efficacy of second-line chemotherapy with docetaxel and cisplatin for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we performed a phase II study.Methods The subjects were 25 patients with NSCLC, 75 years or younger, without organ dysfunction (performance status [PS], 0 to 2) in whom treatment with cisplatin and irinotecan had been ineffective or had been followed by recurrence or relapse. Four weeks or more after the end of the previous therapy, 60mg/m² of cisplatin and 60mg/m² of docetaxel were administered at intervals of 3 weeks.Results Observed toxicities of grade 3 or 4 included anemia (24% of patients), leukocytopenia (48%), neutropenia (76%), thrombocytopenia (4%), hepatic dysfunction (8%), and electrolyte abnormalities (4%). However, no severe nonhematologic adverse reactions occurred. The overall response rate was 32% (95% confidence interval, 13.7–50.3). The median time to disease progression was 98 days, and the median survival time was 257 days.Conclusion Our results suggest that cisplatin and docetaxel can be used as second-line chemotherapy against NSCLC. But further, comparative, study of this combination should be performed in patients with good PS and organ function who have responded to prior platinum-based chemotherapy.     

Bi-weekly irinotecan hydrochloride and cisplatin as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of bi-weekly administered irinotecan (CPT-11) and Cisplatin (CDDP) as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: We included 22 patients who were resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) -based chemotherapy. CPT-11 (80 mg/m (2)) and CDDP (25 mg/m(2)) were administered bi-weekly on days 1 and 15 of a 4-week-cycle, on an outpatient basis except for the first time. Outcome variables include tumor response, toxicity, and survival. RESULTS: Among all patients, 8 responded to the therapy, yielding an overall response rate of 36.4% (complete response, n=1; partial response, n=7), while 14 did not respond (stable disease, n=9; progressive disease, n=5). The time to progression was 5.3 months, and the median survival was 10.6 months. Adverse reactions included Grade 3 or 4 leucopenia (n=4; 18.2%), Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia (n=1; 4.5%) but all of these patients recovered soon (within one week). CONCLUSION: Bi-weekly CPT-11 and CDDP treatment was effective and should be considered as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer who are resistant to 5-FU based chemotherapy.     

Neuroendocrine tumors of the diffuse neuroendocrine system

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Neuroendocrine tumors (previously referred to as carcinoids) are ill-understood, enigmatic malignancies that, although slow-growing compared with adenocarcinomas, can behave aggressively. In 2004, they comprised 1.25% of all malignancies; their incidence is increasing by approximately 6% per year. The present review provides an overview on neuroendocrine tumors and focuses on general features and current diagnostic and therapeutic options. RECENT FINDINGS: Neuroendocrine tumors may present a considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge as their clinical presentation is nonspecific and usually late, when metastases are already evident. Topographic localization is by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, whole-body positron emission tomography or endoscopy/ultrasound. Bronchoscopy is useful to verify the diagnosis when lesions are located centrally in the bronchi. No curative treatment except for radical surgery (almost never feasible) exists. Palliative and symptomatic treatment is based on surgical debulking, tumor embolization, and biotherapy with somatostatin analogues. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually ineffective, but novel drugs such as tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors show promising results in phase II clinical studies. SUMMARY: Tumors of the diffuse neuroendocrine system represent a significant and increasing clinical problem, and there is a need to develop both early diagnostic tests as well as to establish targeted therapeutic strategies.     

Phase II study of irinotecan plus cisplatin induction followed by concurrent twice-daily thoracic irradiation with etoposide plus cisplatin chemotherapy for limited-disease small-cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Irinotecan plus cisplatin (IP) chemotherapy demonstrated a promising outcome with a high complete response (CR) rate in chemotherapy-na?ve patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We evaluated the efficacy of induction IP chemotherapy followed by concurrent etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) chemotherapy with twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy (TDTRT) in limited-disease SCLC (LD-SCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between November 2001 and May 2003, 35 chemotherapy-na?ve patients with LD-SCLC were enrolled. Thirty-three patients (94%) were male, and 29 (83%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. The median age was 63 years. Treatment consisted of two 21-day cycles of cisplatin 40 mg/m2 and irinotecan 80 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) on days 1 and 8 followed by two 21-day cycles of cisplatin 60 mg/m2 i.v. on days 43 and 64, and etoposide 100 mg/m2 i.v. on days 43 to 45 and 64 to 66, with concurrent TDTRT of total 45 Gy beginning on day 43. RESULTS: All 35 patients were assessable for response. The objective response rate was 97% (CR, 3; partial response [PR], 31) after induction chemotherapy and 100% (CR, 15; PR, 20) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). After a median follow-up of 26.5 months, the median survival was 25.0 months (95% CI, 19.0 to 30.9) with 1- and 2-year overall survival rates of 85.7% and 53.9%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12.9 months with a 1- and 2-year PFS of 58.5% and 36.1%, respectively. The most common toxicities were grade 3 or 4 neutropenia in 68% of patients during induction chemotherapy and 100% during CCRT. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 20% of patients during induction chemotherapy and 60% during CCRT. CONCLUSION: IP induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent TDTRT with EP chemotherapy showed a promising activity with favorable 1- and 2-year survival rates. Based on the favorable outcome in this trial, this regimen should be evaluated in a large phase III trial.     

Second-line irinotecan after cisplatin, fluoropyrimidin and docetaxel for chemotherapy of metastatic gastric cancer

Aim: Tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract are among the cancers that have a quite lethal course. Cytotoxicchemotherapy is the most efficient therapeutic modality for metastatic gastric cancer. In patients who do notrespond to first-line treatment, the response rate to second-line therapies is generally low and the toxicityrates high. This study concerned the efficacy and the side effect profile of second-line therapy with irinotecanin the patients who were being followed-up with the diagnosis of metastatic gastric cancer in İzmir, Turkey.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity in 31 patients with metastaticgastric adenocarcinoma who presented to the polyclinic of Medical Oncology of Izmir Ataturk Education andResearch Hospital between May 2008 and July 2011. All received chemotherapy regimens containing cisplatin,fluoropyrimidine (5-FU) and docetaxel as the first-line therapy for late stage disease. Irinotecan as a singleagent was given at a dose of 210 mg/m2 on each 21 days. Irinotecan (180 mg/m2 on day 1), 5-FU (500 mg/m2 ondays 1-2) and leucovorin (LV; 60 mg/m2 on days 1-2) as a combined regimen were given over a 14 day period.Results: Median age was 54 (range, 31-70). Irinotecan was given as a combined regimen for median 6 cycles(range, 3-12) and as a single agent for median 3 cycles (range, 1-10). Metastases were detected in one site in sixpatients (19%), in two different sites in 17 patients (55%) and in three or more sites in eight patients (26%).Four patients (12.9%) showed partial response and six patients (19.3%) showed stable disease. Progressionfreesurvival (PFS) was found to be 3.26 months (95% CI, 2.3-4.2). Median overall survival (OS) was found tobe 8.76 months (95% CI, 4.5-12.9). The most commonly seen grade 3/4 side effect was neutropenia but the thetherapy was generally well-tolerated. Conclusions: In this study, it was demonstrated that second-line therapywith irinotecan given following the first-line therapy with cisplatin, fluoropyrimidine (5-FU) and docetaxel wasefficient and safe. Further studies are needed for confirmation.     

Combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin in pretreated patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer

Background The combination of irinotecan (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP) is an active regimen for metastatic gastric cancer in the first-line setting. The objective of this retrospective study was to clarify its efficacy and safety in patients with prior chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Methods Patients in the study fulfilled the following selection criteria: (1) histologically proven gastric cancer with metastatic lesions; (2) performance status of 2 or less; (3) age of 75 years or younger; (4) at least one prior chemotherapy regimen without CPT-11 or CDDP; (5) adequate bone marrow, liver, and kidney function; (6) normal cardiac function; (7) no other severe medical conditions; (8) no other active malignancy; and (9) the provision of written informed consent. The treatment consisted of CPT-11 (70 mg/m²) on day 1 and day 15 and CDDP (80 mg/m²) on day 1; repeated every 4 weeks. Results Thirty-two patients were recruited, and 28 were assessable for clinical response. There were eight partial responses, resulting in a response rate of 28%. Median time to progression was 104 days (range, 24–863 days) and median overall survival time was 283 days from the initiation of this therapy. The incidences of grade 4 neutropenia, grade 3 or higher infection, and diarrhea were 69%, 9%, and 3%, respectively. Other adverse reactions were mild. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Conclusion A combination of CPT-11 and CDDP may be active and feasible for gastric cancer patients with prior chemotherapy. Further studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to clarify this regimen's significance in the second-line setting.     

替吉奥联合顺铂新辅助化疗在胃癌中的应用

替吉奥(S-1)是一种第4代氟尿嘧啶衍生物口服抗癌剂,包括替加氟(FT)和两类调节剂吉美嘧啶及奥替拉西.日本目前晚期胃癌化疗80%以上病例使用S-1,有效率可达44.6%.新辅助化疗能减少肿瘤负荷,降低原发肿瘤分期,增加手术切除的可能性.替吉奥联合顺铂作为一种新的新辅助化疗方案,治疗胃癌总缓解率达76%,足目前为止进展期胃癌化疗方案中缓解率最高的方案.     

辅助化疗对胃神经内分泌癌患者预后的意义

背景与目的:胃神经内分泌肿瘤(neuroendocrine neoplasm,NEN)是胃恶性肿瘤中一种较为罕见的类别,根据2019年世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)消化系统NEN的分类标准,分为分化好的神经内分泌瘤(neuroendocrine tumor,NET)和分化差的神经内分泌癌(neuroendocrine carcinoma,NEC)。目前,关于胃NEC(gastric NEC,GNEC)辅助化疗预后的研究匮乏,本研究旨在探讨辅助化疗能否使GNEC患者获益,以期为临床决策提供参考依据。方法:回顾性分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心、中山大学附属第一医院和复旦大学附属肿瘤医院2008年7月—2019年6月收治的184例GNEC患者的临床病理学资料,随访截至2022年5月31日。利用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,根据单因素COX回归分析和多因素COX回归分析筛选出影响GNEC患者生存的独立预后因素,并进一步分析化疗、手术等因素对患者预后的影响。检验水准为α=0.05,所有统计学分析均使用SPSS 25.0软件。结果:单因素分析显示,手...     

First-line chemotherapy with irinotecan plus capecitabine for advanced colorectal cancer

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of the combination chemotherapy with irinotecan plus capecitabine in patients with advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Patients with histologically proven advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma received a first-line chemotherapy with irinotecan 240 mg/m2 on day 1 and capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2/day as an intermittent regimen of 2 weeks of treatment followed by a 1-week rest. Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients were registered, and 36 were assessable for responses. Sixteen objective responses (44%) were observed with a median response duration of 6.9 months. Stable disease was documented in 14 cases (39%). The median time to progression was 6.7 months. The median overall survival was not reached at the time of analysis, and the 1-year survival rate was 67%. Two patients died: 1 due to sepsis not complicating myelosuppression, and 1 patient, known as a hepatitis B virus carrier prior to chemotherapy, died of hepatic failure, the cause of which was not clinically verified. Frequently encountered therapy-related events were leukopenia and gastrointestinal side effects including diarrhea. Severe hand-and-foot syndrome was observed in only 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: The combination chemotherapy of irinotecan and capecitabine is an active and tolerable regimen for advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma, but the observed deaths suggest a future randomized trial that requires a cautious patient selection.     

Survival analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 plus cisplatin for stage III gastric cancer

Background

We previously reported that S-1 plus cisplatin was feasible as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy. Herein we evaluate the recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates as secondary endpoints based on updated follow-up data.

Methods

Patients with stage III gastric cancer who underwent D2 gastrectomy were enrolled. Treatment consisted of 3 cycles of S-1 (40 mg/m² PO) twice daily on days 1–21 and cisplatin (60 mg/m² IV) on day 8, and S-1 was given on days 1–28 every 6 weeks until 1 year after surgery.

Results

From August 2007 to September 2009, 63 patients were accrued. Overall, 34 and 25 patients had stage IIIA and IIIB disease, respectively. After a median follow-up of 3.9 years, 16 patients experienced recurrence and 11 patients died. The 3-year recurrence-free survival rate was 74.1 % (95 % CI: 60.8–83.5 %, IIIA 81.8 %, IIIB 64.0 %). The 3-year overall survival rate was 84.5 % (95 % CI: 72.3–91.6 %, IIIA 87.9 %, IIIB 80.0 %). Recurrence sites included the peritoneum (n = 8), hematogenous sites (n = 6), and lymph nodes (n = 4).

Conclusion

The present results indicate that adjuvant therapy with S-1 plus 3 cycles of cisplatin may provide a survival benefit to patients with stage III gastric cancer.