Uptake of lead, cadmium, and other metals in the liver and kidneys of cattle near a lead-zinc mine in Kabwe, Zambia

Concentrations of lead, cadmium, and other metals in the liver and kidneys of cattle near a lead-zinc mine in Kabwe (Zambia), which is ranked among the 10 worst polluted places on earth, were compared with other Zambian towns. Metal concentrations were measured in the liver and kidneys of 51 cattle from Kabwe and other Zambian towns. The maximum metal concentrations, expressed in mg/kg and dry weight, in the liver or kidneys were 398.4 (Cu), 252.6 (Zn), 77.81 (Cr), 19.37 (Cd), 7.57 (Ni), 1.8 (Pb), 1.04 (Co), 0.112 (Hg), and 0.05 (As). Concentrations of Pb and Cd in Kabwe cattle were higher than levels in other Zambian towns. The mean concentration of Cd exceeded benchmark values in offal destined for human consumption. Levels of Ni and Cr may also pose public health concerns. Concentrations of Pb and Cr, Pb and Cu, Cd and Zn, Cd and Hg, Zn and Cu, Cu and Co, as well as Co and Ni were positively correlated. The present study also highlighted the dangers of exposure of animals and humans to a mixture of toxic metals.     

职业性铅暴露对促炎细胞因子和血管生成因子水平的影响

目的探讨长期职业性铅暴露对促炎细胞因子和促血管生成因子水平的影响。方法选择居住在同一地区200名接触铅工作的男性为暴露组,年龄相当的无铅接触史137名男性为对照组。受试者清晨空腹肘部静脉血,检测血清促炎细胞因子[白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1α(MIP-1α)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]、血管生成因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1(sVEGFR-1)、可溶性血管生成素受体2(Stie-2)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF-basic)]水平。结果长期接触铅的工人组促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于对照组(P值均<0.001),血管生成因子sVEGFR-1、FGF-basic水平显著高于对照组(P值均<0.001)。在长期铅暴露组中,促炎细胞因子(IL-1a、IL-6、TNF-a)水平与血管生成因子(VEGF、FGF-basic、sVEGFR-1、Stie-2)呈正相关(r=0.31~0.62,P值均<0.05)。结论长期职业性铅暴露可导致促炎细胞因子和血管生成因子浓度升高,且二者具有显著相关性。     

Radionuclides and trace metals in Canadian moose near uranium mines: comparison of radiation doses and food chain transfer with cattle and caribou

Tissues from 45 moose and 4 cattle were collected to assess the health of country foods near uranium mines in northern Saskatchewan. Bone, liver, kidney, muscle and rumen contents were analyzed for uranium, radium-226 (226Ra), lead-210 (210Pb), and polonium-210 (210Po). Cesium-137 (137Cs), potassium-40 (40K), and 27 trace metals were also measured in some tissues. Within the most active mining area, Po in liver and muscle declined significantly with distance from tailings, possibly influenced by nearby natural uranium outcrops. Moose from this area had significantly higher 226Ra, 210Pb, 210Po, and 137Cs in some edible soft tissues vs. one control area. However, soil type and diet may influence concentrations as much as uranium mining activities, given that a) liver levels of uranium, 226Ra, and 210Po were similar to a second positive control area with mineral-rich shale hills and b) 210Po was higher in cattle kidneys than in all moose. Enhanced food chain transfer from rumen contents to liver was found for selenium in the main mining area and for copper, molybdenum and cadmium in moose vs. cattle. Although radiological doses to moose in the main mining area were 2.6 times higher than doses to control moose or cattle, low moose intakes yielded low human doses (0.0068 mSv y(-1)), a mere 0.3% of the dose from intake of caribou (2.4 mSv y(-1)), the dietary staple in the area.     

婴幼儿肺炎支原体感染促炎/抗炎细胞因子水平的动态变化及其诊断价值

目的:探讨婴幼儿肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子水平的动态变化,探讨其临床意义及诊断价值。方法:收集疑似MP感染患儿73例,健康体检儿童60例,采用血清学方法检测MP-IgM,并分离培养鉴定MP;采用ELISA法测定MPP患儿急性期、恢复期及对照组促炎细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-8)和抗炎细胞因子(IL-10、IL-13)的水平。通过ROC曲线分析曲线下面积(AUC),比较各细胞因子对MPP的诊断效率,计算其敏感度和特异度。结果:经实验室检查,确诊MPP患儿46例,MPP患儿急性期促炎细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-8)水平明显高于恢复期及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);急性期抗炎细胞因子IL-10水平明显低于恢复期和健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);急性期抗炎细胞因子IL-13水平明显高于恢复期和健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示4种细胞因子AUC分别为0.768、0.862、0.564和0.717,IL-8在MPP中有较高的诊断价值(AUC接近0.9),其最佳分界值为102.57 pg/ml,诊断MPP的敏感度及特异度分别为78.2和89.1。结论:婴幼儿MPP发病过程中,促炎细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-8)始终处于高表达状态,抗炎因子IL-10低水平表达可能与MPP发病有关,提示机体免疫调节失控,同时以IL-13高水平表达的抗感染反应占优势。通过ROC曲线分析,IL-8可作为辅助诊断MPP的实用指标。     

花生四烯酸甘油酯水平对孤独症模型鼠海马神经炎性反应的影响

目的 分析花生四烯酸甘油酯(2-AG)水平升高对孤独症模型鼠海马神经炎性反应的影响,为孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)病因研究提供理论依据。 方法 以丙戊酸钠(VPA)诱导的孤独症模型鼠为研究对象,分为对照组(CON组)、VPA组、VPA+1 mg/kg JZL184组(VPA+1RJ组)、VPA+3 mg/kg JZL184组(VPA+3RJ组)、VPA+10 mg/kg JZL184组(VPA+10RJ组)。采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS/MS)检测海马组织中2-AG水平;实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)和酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测海马组织中促炎因子TNF-α、iNOS、IL-1β和抗炎因子Arg-1、IL-4、IL-10和IL-13的mRNA表达水平和组织含量。 结果 LC-MS/MS结果显示:VPA组海马组织中2-AG水平显著低于CON组(P＜0.05);VPA+10RJ组2-AG水平显著高于VPA组(P＜0.05)。RT-PCR结果显示:与CON组相比,VPA组中iNOS表达增加(P＜0.05)。与VPA组相比,VPA+1RJ组中IL-1β、Arg-1、IL-10、IL-13表达增加,iNOS表达降低(P<0.05);VPA+3RJ组中TNF-α和iNOS表达降低(P<0.05);VPA+10RJ组中iNOS表达降低,IL-10表达增加(P＜0.05)。ELISA结果显示:与CON组相比,VPA组中iNOS表达上调,Arg-1、IL-10表达降低(P＜0.05)。与VPA组相比,VPA+1RJ组中IL-4表达上调;VPA+3RJ组中iNOS表达降低,IL-10表达上调;VPA+10RJ组中iNOS表达降低,Arg-1、IL-10表达上调(P＜0.05)。 结论 2-AG水平的升高可缓解孤独症模型鼠海马组织中存在的异常神经炎性反应。     

TNF-α、IL-6和CRP对哮喘病人胰岛β细胞功能的影响

目的 探讨哮喘病人血清炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6和C-反应蛋白（CRP）对胰岛β细胞功能的影响.方法 选择慢性持续期哮喘病人112例,根据哮喘病情严重程度分为轻度持续组（55例）和中度持续组（57例）两组,健康志愿者60例为对照组.分别测定血清TNF-α、IL-6及CRP水平,同时做葡萄糖耐量及胰岛素释放试验,计算胰岛素曲线下面积（AUC1）和葡萄糖曲线下面积（AUCG）的比值（AUC1/AUCG）、HOMA胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素敏感指数（IS1）、HOMA-β细胞功能指数（HBCI）、早期胰岛素分泌功能指数（△130/△G30）.做肺功能检查,测定第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC）.结果 与对照组比较,轻、中度持续组哮喘病人血浆TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平明显升高,AUC1、AUC1/AUCG、HOMA-1R、HBCI明显升高,ISI下降（t=2.02～13.62,P＜0.05）.多因素逐步回归分析显示HOMA-IR与CRP、LDL-C、BMI、AUC1、TNF-α呈正相关（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）,与FEV1占预计值（%）呈负相关（P＜0.05）.结论 哮喘病人存在胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症,TNF-α、IL-6和CRP参与了胰岛素抵抗.     

Comparative effects of six probiotic strains on immune function in vitro

There is considerable interest in the strain specificity of immune modulation by probiotics. The present study compared the immunomodulatory properties of six probiotic strains of different species and two genera in a human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) model in vitro. Live cells of lactobacilli (Lactobacillus casei Shirota, L. rhamnosus GG, L. plantarum NCIMB 8826 and L. reuteri NCIMB 11951) and bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3 and B. bifidum MF 20/5) were individually incubated with PBMC from seven healthy subjects for 24?h. Probiotic strains increased the proportion of CD69+ on lymphocytes, T cells, T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cells, and increased the proportion of CD25+, mainly on lymphocytes and NK cells. The effects on activation marker expression did not appear to be strain specific. NK cell activity was significantly increased by all six strains, without any significant difference between strains. Probiotic strains increased production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α to different extents, but had no effect on the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 or TNF-β. The cytokines that showed strain-specific modulation included IL-10, interferon-γ, TNF-α, IL-12p70, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. The Lactobacillus strains tended to promote T helper 1 cytokines, whereas bifidobacterial strains tended to produce a more anti-inflammatory profile. The results suggest that there was limited evidence of strain-specific effects of probiotics with respect to T cell and NK cell activation or NK cell activity, whereas production of some cytokines was differentially influenced by probiotic strains.     

早期连续性血液净化对严重脓毒症患儿机体炎症反应及脏器功能的影响

目的探讨早期连续性血液净化(CBP)对严重脓毒症患儿机体炎症反应及脏器功能的影响。方法选取2018年5月-2019年5月该院收治的76例严重脓毒症患儿为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各38例。对照组患儿实施常规治疗,观察组患儿实施CBP治疗,分别于治疗前、治疗72 h后,记录两组患儿炎症细胞因子[白介素细胞6(IL-6)、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)]、脏器功能指标[谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)]、理化指标[全身血管阻力指数(SVRI)、心脏指数(CI)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)]水平,并记录两组患儿住院时间及机械通气时间。结果治疗前,两组患儿IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、CRP、ALT、SCr、BUN、SVRI、CI、MAP、HR水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿炎症细胞因子水平、脏器功能指标均低于治疗前,观察组患儿IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、CRP、ALT、SCr、BUN水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿CI、HR水平均低于治疗前,SVRI、MAP水平均高于治疗前,观察组患儿SVRI水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患儿机械通气及住院时间均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论严重脓毒症患儿采用早期CBP治疗可有效改善机体炎症反应,减轻脏器功能损伤,加快病情缓解。     

脐血TNF-α及IL-6水平在胎儿窘迫新生儿脑损伤诊断中的价值

目的分析新生儿脐血白介素-6(IL-6)与肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)检测在胎儿窘迫新生儿脑损伤诊断的临床价值。方法选取在深圳市盐田区人民医院妇产科于2013年1月至2014年12月发生宫内胎儿窘迫行剖宫产出生的新生儿60例,经脑核磁共振(MRI)检查显示存在脑损伤者25例(脑损伤组),无脑损伤者35例(无脑损伤组).另选择同期正常剖宫产分娩的20例新生儿(正常组)作为对照,胎儿娩出后立即采脐动脉血进行IL-6和TNF-α测定,进行ROC曲线分析,以研究IL-6和TNF-α对胎儿窘迫新生儿脑损伤的诊断价值。结果 3组新生儿血清IL-6、TNF-α水平比较均有显著性差异(F值分别为15.611、15.231,均p<0.01),进一步两两比较后发现,正常组新生儿与无脑损伤组新生儿血清IL-6及TNF-α水平比较均无显著性差异(t值分别为1.936、2.064,均P>0.05),而脑损伤组新生儿血清中IL-6、TNFα水平均显著高于正常组和无脑损伤组(t值分别为10.587、8.523、7.426、6.421,均P<0.05)。IL-6和TNF-α对胎儿窘迫新生儿脑损伤的诊断价值进行ROC曲线分析得出,ROC曲线面积为0.84,0.5     

前炎症因子在脊髓型颈椎病发病中的作用

目的探讨前炎症因子在脊髓型颈椎病发病的早期变化，探讨前炎症因子与颈椎间盘早期退变的关系。方法收治的20例脊髓型颈椎病患者，完整摘除并且取出的32个颈椎节段的椎间盘及其髓核组织，作为实验组的病例来源。选择3具新鲜尸体中15个颈部椎间盘组织，作为对照组。观察TNF—α，IL-1β，IL-6的表达情况。结果实验组TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6阳性表达率和IOD值均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论突出的颈椎间盘可产生TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6阳性细胞，提示这些细胞因子在颈椎椎间盘早期退变中发挥作用。     

联合监测IL-8、TNF-α及血气在新生儿胎粪吸入综合征中的临床意义探讨

目的:探讨胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)新生儿血中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及血气分析的临床价值,为疾病诊治提供参考.方法:选取2019年7月～2020年5月在本院治疗的MAS新生儿62例为观察组,包括轻症34例、重症28例,同时选择非感染新生儿40例为对照组,比较IL-8、TNF-α水平,以...     

免疫抑制状态下内毒素血症模型小鼠急性肺损伤及其机理研究

目的本研究在建立免疫抑制小鼠内毒素血症模型的基础上,观察机体肺损伤的现象以及发生机制。方法免疫抑制小鼠内毒素血症模型建立,选取Blb/c小鼠,腹腔内注射甲基强的松龙30 mg/kg连续3 d,随后静脉注射内毒素,10 mg/kg剂量,于注射后26、h时点取血浆,在此基础上,50只小鼠分为免疫抑制内毒素血症模型组（模型组）以及甲基强的松龙对照组（激素组）与空白对照组,检测指标分别：①肺部病理学改变,采用HE染色;②肺组织细胞因子表达检测：分别用免疫组化与ELISA检测肺组织中TNF-α与IL-10表达水平;采用免疫组化检测肺组织诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达情况,肺组织一氧化氮（NO）水平采用化学比色法检测;③是采用化学比色法与ELISA检测血浆一氧化氮、TNF-α、INF-γ、IL-10等细胞因子水平。结果免疫抑制小鼠内毒素血症模型小鼠出现急性肺损伤的病理改变,TNF-α、IL-10与iNOS在肺间质浸润的炎性细胞中阳性表达;在2 h与6 h时点,肺组织与血浆TNF-α与NO的水平明显高于激素组与空白组（P〈0.05）;在6 h时点,模型组小鼠肺组织与血浆IL-10的水平明显高于激素组与空白组（P〈0.05）。结论免疫抑制内毒素血症模型小鼠急性肺损伤与机体巨噬细胞过度活化而释放大量炎性细胞因子有关。     

The prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in traditional cattle in Southern Province, Zambia

A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), which causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, in cattle destined for market in Southern Province, Zambia. A total of 116 nasal secretion samples were tested using the direct fluorescent antibody test, while blood samples from the same cattle were examined by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The prevalence of the BHV-1 antigens in cattle was 23.28% (27/116), while the mean prevalence of the BHV-1 antibodies was 48.28% (56/116). This study showed that cattle in transit to markets could easily spread the virus, which was reactivated by the stress of trekking for long distances under unfavourable conditions, to the other cattle with which they came into contact. Thus, these transit cattle posed a serious threat to other bovines. Systems of cattle trading where cattle must be transported a long wayto market should be reviewed by the authorities to minimise the conditions that may exacerbate the spread of infection.     

矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对肥胖大鼠低度炎症反应及胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的 观察矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷(cyanidin-3-glucoside, C3G)对肥胖大鼠血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6和MCP-1)及胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法 3周龄雄性SD大鼠30只, 随机分为对照组(n=8)和高脂饮食组(n=22), 分别予以普通饲料及高脂饲料喂养5周。肥胖造模成功的17只大鼠再随机分为肥胖组(n=8)和C3G组(n=9)。C3G组予C3G 100 mg/(kg·d)灌胃, 其余组予等量生理盐水灌胃。实验结束时准确称量大鼠体重及内脏脂肪质量, 全自动生化分析仪测定空腹血糖(fasting glucose, FPG), 放免法测血清胰岛素(fasting insulin, FINS), ELISA测血清脂联素及TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1水平, 并计算内脏脂肪比和胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index, IAI)。结果 肥胖组和C3G组大鼠体重、内脏脂肪比和血清TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1水平明显高于对照组(P均<0.05), 而C3G组上述指标明显低于肥胖组(P均<0.05)。肥胖组和C3G组血清脂联素水平及IAI明显低于对照组(P均<0.05), 而C3G组上述指标明显高于肥胖组上述指标。结论 C3G能明显增加肥胖大鼠的胰岛素敏感性, 其可能与增加血清脂联素水平及降低血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1)水平有关。     

苜草素对巨噬细胞吞噬活性和NO、IL-6、TNF-α分泌的影响

目的研究苜草素对小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7吞噬活性和NO、IL-6、TNF-α的影响,探讨苜草素对巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响机制。方法以不同浓度的苜草素和10 g/ml的脂多糖(LPS)分别处理巨噬细胞RAW264.7,采用中性红法测定巨噬细胞的吞噬活性,ELISA检测TNF-α分泌量。以不同浓度的苜草素处理LPS诱导的巨噬细胞RAW264.7,采用Griess分析法测定NO含量,ELISA检测IL-6分泌量,半定量RT-PCR方法测定巨噬细胞中iNOS、IL-6、TNF-αmRNA水平。结果苜草素在0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0 mg/ml时能显著提高巨噬细胞RAW264.7的吞噬活性(P<0.05);在0.6、0.8和1.0 mg/ml时显著增加TNF-α的分泌量(P<0.01),显著降低LPS诱导的巨噬细胞NO产生量(P<0.05);在0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0 mg/ml时显著降低LPS诱导的巨噬细胞IL-6的产生量(P<0.01)。苜草素可抑制LPS诱导的iNOS mRNA和IL-6 mRNA的表达,增加TNF-αmRNA的表达。结论苜草素可以提高巨噬细胞RAW264.7的吞噬活性,在转录水平上影响小鼠巨噬细胞iNOS、IL-6、TNF-α的基因表达,对巨噬细胞免疫功能起调节作用。     

神经节苷脂联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的效果观察及对炎症因子的影响

目的观察神经节苷脂联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对炎症因子的影响。方法 2009年8月～2011年8月,156例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,观察组78例给予神经节苷脂联合依达拉奉治疗,对照组78例给予血栓通治疗,对比观察两组的临床疗效以及TNF-α、IL-6和CRP水平的变化。结果观察组的总有效率为88.5%,明显高于对照组的69.2%(P﹤0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后TNF-α、IL-6和CRP水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组治疗后TNF-α、IL-6和CRP水平明显低于同期对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论神经节苷脂联合依达拉奉对急性脑梗死患者进行治疗,能够明显提高临床疗效,降低TNF-α、IL-6和CRP水平,值得临床推广应用。     

减量肠道喂养对早产儿输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎的保护作用

目的对输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎(TRNEC)的早产儿进行减量肠道喂养干预,以探讨减量肠道喂养对早产儿输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎的保护机制。方法选取2018年1月-2019年12月的在广东省韶关市第一人民医院进行治疗患有输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎的早产儿100例作为研究对象,随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,每组各50例。对照组按照正常喂养,试验组实施减量喂养。比较两组早产儿输血前后的血浆TNF-α与IL-6浓度,以及输血48 h内的输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎发生情况。结果两组TNF-α与IL-6浓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。输血后6、12 h,试验组TNF-α与IL-6浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组输血后6、12 h TNF-α与IL-6浓度显著高于输血前(P<0.05);输血48 h内,试验组发生TRNEC的比例及出现呕吐、腹胀、血便等症状的比例均低于对照组组(P<0.05)。以上差异均具有统计学意义。结论减量肠道喂养可有效降低早产后输血后TNF-α与IL-6的浓度,减少TRNEC的病发,有助于早产儿输血相关性坏死性小肠结肠炎的预防。     

白藜芦醇对脂多糖诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎性因子生成的调控

目的探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞核因子-κB(NF-κB)活化及炎性细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)]基因表达的调节。方法分别用1mg/LLPS或25mmol/LRes+1mg/LLPS处理体外培养的小鼠巨噬细胞,采用电泳迁移率改变分析法(EMSA)检测细胞中NF-κB活性,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测细胞中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果LPS组NF-κB活性和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量在刺激后6～12h明显高于正常对照组(P<0.001),而Res+LPS组NF-κB活性和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量均显著低于LPS组(P<0.005)。结论LPS可诱导巨噬细胞NF-κB活化,导致TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6基因表达增强,而Res能抑制NF-κB活化而调节TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6基因的表达。     

Role of Fractalkine in promoting inflammation in sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction

ObjectiveFractalkine, CX3CL1, is involved in the directional movement of chemokine cells, immune response, inflammatory response, tissue repair, and other processes. However, its role in sepsis is not well known.MethodsWe measured circulating Fractalkine in adult patients with sepsis. Effects of Fractalkine on the survival, inflammation, tissue injury, and bacterial clearance were assessed using the WT or CX3CL^−/− murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis.ResultsSerum Fractalkine concentrations were significantly elevated in adult patients with sepsis compared to healthy adults. Increased Fractalkine correlated positively with the number of blood leukocytes and the level of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, and correlated negatively with IL-10 in clinical sepsis. Recombinant Fractalkine impaired survival whereas Fractalkine gene knockout or anti-Fractalkine antibody improved survival in the murine model of CLP-induced sepsis. Fractalkine administration increased inflammatory response, evident by higher levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and IL-6 but not IL-10), and tissue damage (lung, liver, and kidney) in CLP-induced sepsis. Fractalkine reduced bacterial clearance in CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis by reducing macrophage or neutrophil phagocytosis and intracellular elimination of E. coli.ConclusionsFractalkine aggravates sepsis by increasing inflammation and decreasing bacterial clearance, and is a potential tool for anti-sepsis therapy.     

丹参酮对脓毒症大鼠心功能的保护作用机制

目的初步探究丹参酮对脓毒症大鼠心脏损伤的保护作用机制。方法选取40只SD大鼠,随机分为四组分别为假手术+生理盐水组、假手术+丹参酮组、模型+生理盐水组以及模型+丹参酮组。其中模型+生理盐水组和模型+丹参酮组大鼠采用盲肠结扎穿孔术制备脓毒症模型,造模成功的基础上丹参酮处理12 h。检测大鼠心脏功能、炎症因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-18和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察心肌形态学变化;蛋白质免疫印迹检测心肌组织凋亡相关蛋白(Caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2)和焦亡执行者消皮素E(GSDME)表达。结果与假手术+生理盐水组相比,模型+生理盐水组大鼠心功能减退,心肌炎症细胞因子IL-1β、IL-18、TNF-α增加,Caspase-3、Bax、GSDME-N蛋白表达上调,Bcl-2蛋白表达下调。与模型+生理盐水组相比,模型+丹参酮组心功能恢复,心肌炎症细胞因子IL-1β、IL-18、TNF-α降低,Caspase-3、Bax、GSDME-N蛋白表达下调,Bcl-2蛋白表达上调。结论丹参酮对脓毒症大鼠心脏损伤具有良好保护作用,其机制可能是通过降低心肌炎症反应,抑制细胞凋亡以及焦亡过程。