Oxygen consumption in the lungs of dogs after external blood loss and reinfusion

Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, N. V. Sklifosovskii Emergency Aid Research Institute, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. K. Permyakov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 110, No. 7, pp. 22–24, July, 1990.     

Autonomic nervous system and cellular injury from circumflex ligation in dogs

The role of the autonomic nerves in the development of irreversible cellular injury (ICI) after circumflex coronary occlusion was examined in dogs with intact, acutely, or chronically decentralized cardiac nerves. Cardiac nerves were chronically decentralized 2 wk before ligation (CD) or acutely at the time of ligation (AD). In one group of AD dogs, the beta-blocker oxprenolol (0.3 mg/kg) was administered before ligation (AD + Ox). Hearts were paced at 160 beats/min to exclude any contribution of rate change secondary to autonomic intervention. The results are expressed in terms of percent of the cross-sectional area of the posterior papillary muscle (PPM) sustaining ICI after 40-min occlusion: intact 64 +/- 4% (SE), 6 +/- 4%, AD 39 +/- 10%, and AD + Ox 2 +/- 2%. Both acute and chronic denervation protect against ICI even in the absence of changes in heart rate. Furthermore, in dogs with intact cardiac nerves, reduction in pacing rate from 160 to 60 beats/min also decreased the extent of ICI from 64 +/- 4 to 34 +/- 10%. Experiments defining the time course of development of ICI in the PPM indicate that protection was only temporary, delaying the onset of injury by 25 min. These findings suggest that 1) neural activity in extrinsic cardiac sympathetic nerves activate beta-receptors, thereby influencing the development of ICI, and 2) differences in protection afforded by acute denervation with and without beta-blockade indicated that intrinsic postganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals can liberate transmitter in response to ischemia even in the absence of extrinsic neural activity.     

Lymph flow following ligation of the ductus thoracicus in dogs]

Already few hours after artificial occlusion of the thoracic duct of dogs different communications appear between the lymphatic and the venous system: 1. Lymphovenous communications in the cervical area leading to the right venous angle. 2. Lymphovenous communications at heart level leading to the right venous angle. These lymphovenous communications seem to be preformed anastomoses, which are opened by an increase of the intralymphatic pressure.     

狗左冠状动脉结扎后左、右心室和肺循环功能的动态演变及其相互关系

用麻醉开胸狗,观察了左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)结扎后2小时内,左,右心室舒缩性能、泵功能及肺循环压力和阻力的动态变化,并分析其相互关系。结扎LAD所造成的心肌缺血范围占左心室(LV)重量的35.2±1.4%。LAD结扎后,依次出现LV舒缩性能、肺动脉压、左、右心室泵功能、LV收缩性船、右心室(RV)舒张性能和肺血管阻力的改变,而RV收缩性能则无明显变化。结果表明,较大范围的LV心肌梗塞(MI)早期,LV功能降低可直接导致RV舒张性能降低,还可直接和通过肺循环压力和阻力升高间接使RV泵功能降低。但对RV收缩性能无明显影响。因子分析提示,LV收缩性能与两心室泵功能的改变是LVMI后心功能改变的主要方面;依次为两心室舒张性能和肺循环功能的改变。     

Incorporation of S35-methionine in the serum proteins of irradiated dogs after loss of blood

Summary The authors studied the S³⁵-methionine incorporation into the electrophoretic fractions of serum proteins in irradiated and control dogs following blood loss. It was established that in irradiated animals the rate of incorporation of the labeled amino acid into the albumin is reduced, but in case of ₃-globulin (and possibly ₁-globulin it is increased.Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. N. Orekhovich