维汉民族精神疾病患者事件相关电位视觉P300对照研究

目的：探讨维汉两民族精神分裂症、抑郁症、焦虑症患者事件相关电位视觉P300的临床应用价值及特点。方法：141例精神分裂症患者（精神分裂症组）、147例抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）、146例焦虑症患者（焦虑症组）和120名健康志愿者（对照组）,采用BrainMaster脑诱发电位系统进行视觉P300检测。结果：精神分裂症组P300各指标与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;抑郁症组除P2潜伏期外、焦虑症组除N1潜伏期外,其余各指标与对照组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。维汉两民族P300各指标间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：视觉P300能比较客观地反映精神疾病患者的认知功能,亦可用于维族人群。     

事件相关电位P300对农村轻度认知功能障碍 患者认知功能的评价效果

目的 分析农村轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者P300改变的特点,为提高农村轻度认知功能障碍的早期诊断水平提供方法.方法 2010年12月至2012年5月从潍坊市多个农村地区筛选MCI患者35例和无明显认知功能障碍的健康老人32例为研究对象,应用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)测评受试者认知功能状态,同时应用美国Neuroscan公司生产的ESI-64导脑电信号采集记录仪采用被动听觉oddball范式记录两组事件相关电位P300的情况评估受试者认知功能状况.结果 两组MMSE测验总分在控制性别、年龄、教育水平等影响因素后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).MCI组P300潜伏期为比对照组(338.03±43.03)明显延长(P＜0.01);波幅下降,但与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 听觉事件相关电位P300潜伏期测定不受语言、文字限制,尤其适合对农村老年人的认知功能进行定量评价.在无损害的诊断与评定农村老年人轻度认知功能障碍方面有重要价值.     

癫痫患者事件相关电位P300及影响因素研究

目的探讨癫痫患者事件相关电位P300的特点及影响因素。方法选择经临床及脑电图确诊的癫痫患者53例和21例与其年龄、性别、文化程度相匹配的健康正常人为研究对象,进行事件相关电位P300测定,并使用Pearson相关分析对其可能的影响因素进行分析。结果癫痫患者和对照组P3波潜伏期分别为(361.32±26.76)ms与(311.27±18.43)ms,P3波波幅分别为(3.38±1.52)μV与(6.79±1.93)μV,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。相关分析显示,癫痫患者P3波潜伏期与病程、发作频率及每次发作持续时间呈正相关(P均0.05),与起病年龄呈负相关(P0.01);P3波的波幅与病程、发作频率、每次发作持续时间呈负相关(P均0.05),与起病年龄呈正相关(P0.01);而与患者的年龄、受教育年限、服用抗癫痫药物的种类无明显相关性。结论癫痫患者存在事件相关电位P300异常,其变化特点与癫痫患者的起病年龄、病程、发作频率及每次发作持续时间相关。     

血管性认知功能障碍患者的神经心理学、影像学及事件相关电位的研究

目的　研究血管性认知功能障碍 (VCI)患者的神经心理学、影像学及事件相关电位的特点并探讨其意义。方法　对 78例VCI患者及 4 9名正常人进行中文版简易智能状态检查 (MMSE)量表、头颅CT、事件相关电位检查。结果　 (1)VCI组MMSE总分 (2 4 .35± 3.2 8)分 ,与正常组 (2 5 .0 4± 5 .0 3)分比较差异无显著性(P >0 .0 5 ) ;地点定向、时间定向、短程记忆、计算能力、语言表达、言语复述、图形描画 7项亚项的评分均明显低于正常组 (均P <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )VCI患者脑萎缩明显 ,脑梗死灶位于额、颞叶者及多发性梗死患者MMSE评分降低更显著 (均P <0 .0 5 )。 (3)VCI患者P3 0 0 潜伏期与正常组相比显著延长 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,P3 0 0 潜伏期与MMSE评分呈负相关 (r=- 0 .6 1,P <0 0 5 )。结论　MMSE量表中认知功能亚项的测评 ,有利于早期发现VCI患者的认知功能障碍 ,脑萎缩及脑梗死灶的部位和数目与VCI的程度有关 ;P3 0 0 潜伏期的检测对于早期发现VCI患者的认知障碍及其程度有重要价值。     

Neuroprotective effects of tetrandrine against vascular dementia

Tetrandrine is one of the major active ingredients in Menispermaceae Stephania tetrandra S.Moore,and has specific therapeutic effects in ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Its use in vascular dementia has not been studied fully.Here,we investigated whether tetrandrine would improve behavioral and cellular impairments in a two-vessel occlusion rat model of chronic vascular dementia.Eight weeks after model establishment,rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10 or 30 mg/kg tetrandrine every other day for 4 weeks.Behavioral assessment in the Morris water maze showed that model rats had longer escape latencies in training trials,and spent less time swimming in the target quadrant in probe trials,than sham-operated rats.However,rats that had received tetrandrine showed shorter escape latencies and longer target quadrant swimming time than untreated model rats.Hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining revealed less neuronal necrosis and pathological damage,and more living cells,in the hippocampus of rats treated with tetrandrine than in untreated model rats.Western blot assay showed that interleukin-1β expression,and phosphorylation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate 2B receptor at tyrosine 1472,were lower in model rats that received tetrandrine than in those that did not.The present findings suggest that tetrandrine may be neuroprotective in chronic vascular dementia by reducing interleukin-1β expression,N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B phosphorylation at tyrosine 1472,and neuronal necrosis.     

吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性认知障碍患者MMSE评分和日常生活能力的影响

目的 观察吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者的临床疗效.方法 选取2018-03—2020-02安阳市人民医院收治VCI患者114例为研究对象,按随机数表法分为联合组及对照组各57例.对照组患者给予单纯吡拉西坦治疗,联合组患者给予吡拉西坦联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗,观察治疗前后2组认知功能、日常生活能力...     

The interrelationship between movement and cognition: Theta rhythm and the P300 event‐related potential

The relationship among brain electrophysiological activity, motor activity, and cognition has been a matter of great interest. For example, it has been discussed whether hippocampal theta rhythm reflects motor activity or cognitive activity, whereas it is widely accepted that the P300 event‐related potential (ERP) reflects cognitive processes such as updating working memory. Here, we investigated the interrelationships among motor activity, hippocampal theta rhythm, and hippocampal P300 ERP using electrophysiological and behavioral data recorded from rats performing an auditory discrimination task (i.e., the auditory oddball paradigm) in a chamber with and without a running‐wheel. We found that the hippocampal theta rhythm generated during locomotion codes information about self‐motion, and event‐related increases in hippocampal theta rhythm observed when rats performed the auditory discrimination cognitive task reflect a change in motor behavior after learning the cognitive task. Interestingly, the hippocampal P300 ERP occurred coincidently with increases in the power and frequency of hippocampal theta rhythm. In addition, we found that changes in theta rhythm observed during spontaneous wheel running without performing a cognitive task as well as when performing the cognitive task are associated with changes in delta‐ and gamma‐band EEG activities. These major findings are discussed with respect to current hypotheses regarding P300 ERP and theta‐, delta‐, and gamma‐band EEG activities in brain functions. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Resveratrol improves cognition and reduces oxidative stress in rats with vascular dementia

Resveratrol possesses beneficial biological effects,which include anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties.Recently,resveratrol has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects in models of Parkinson’s disease,cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer’s disease.However,its effects on vascular dementia remain unclear.The present study established a rat model of vascular dementia using permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.At 8-12 weeks after model induction,rats were intragastrically administered 25 mg/kg resveratrol daily.Our results found that resveratrol shortened the escape latency and escape distances in the Morris water maze,and prolonged the time spent percentage and swimming distance percentage in the target quadrant during the probe test,indicating that resveratrol improved learning and memory ability in vascular dementia rats.Further experiments found that resveratrol decreased malonyldialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of vascular dementia rats.These results confirmed that the neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on vascular dementia were associated with its anti-oxidant properties.