高效液相色谱指纹图谱在驱虫斑鸠菊不同提取工艺对比研究中的应用

目的:驱虫斑鸠菊是治疗白癜风的常用药材,其化学成分复杂.文中建立并优化驱虫斑鸠菊高效液相色谱指纹图谱(HPLC-FP)的色谱条件,并在此基础上进行不同提取工艺的对比研究. 方法:通过保留时间及各共有峰的相对峰面积建立并优化分析驱虫斑鸠菊组分的高效液相色谱指纹图谱(HPLC-FP),进行不同提取工艺的对比研究. 结果:建立了驱虫斑鸠菊最优的HPLC-FP分离条件,得到19个指纹图谱共有峰,经对比得知驱虫斑鸠菊85%乙醇提取物与半仿生提取物的指纹图谱比较相似,而与驱虫斑鸠菊水提物指纹图谱差异较大,其中1、4、6、11、12、14、16～19峰为驱虫斑鸠菊85%乙醇提取物及驱虫斑鸠菊半仿生提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱特有峰,而20～30峰则为驱虫斑鸠菊水提取物的高效液相色谱指纹图谱特有峰. 结论:实验为驱虫斑鸠菊入血成分、制剂工艺及药效学研究提供实验依据.     

大孔吸附树脂在驱虫斑鸠菊分离方面的应用

目的：考察四种大孔吸附树脂对驱虫斑鸠菊的分离效果。方法：从动态吸附和静态吸附两方面，对大孔吸附树脂吸附驱虫斑鸠菊黄酮进行考察。结果：表明D1520大孔吸附树脂对驱虫班斑鸠菊黄酮的吸附能力较强，且以60％乙醇为解吸剂时解吸效果较好。结论：D1520大孔吸附树脂对驱虫斑鸠菊黄酮类化合物的分离效果较好。     

均匀设计优选驱虫斑鸠菊的半仿生提取工艺研究

目的 优选驱虫斑鸠菊的半仿生提取的最佳工艺条件。方法 以指纹图谱共有峰HPLC总面积、总黄酮、干浸膏得率等为综合评定指标,采用均匀设计及指纹图谱优选驱虫斑鸠菊半仿生提取法的条件。结果 优化条件结合工业生产实际,确定其半仿生提取法工艺条件为：3次煎煮用80%乙醇的pH值依次6.0、6.5、8.0;煎煮时间依次为1、0.5、0.5 h。结论 驱虫斑鸠菊的提取工艺采用半仿生提取,均匀设计优选相关参数效果较好。     

驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对小鼠免疫系统的影响

目的：探讨驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对小鼠免疫系统的影响.方法：驱虫斑鸠菊提取物高、中、低剂量组灌胃小鼠10 d,眼眶采血分离血清,用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中IgA、IgG、IgM、C3、C4及IL-2的水平;解剖小鼠,测量小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数.以醋酸可的松作为阳性对照组,以生理盐水和溶媒作为空白照组和阴性对照.结果：①驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对小鼠免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG影响不大,对IgM、C3、C4有显著的降低作用;②驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对IL-2分泌有明显的抑制作用（P＜0.01）;③驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对正常小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数有显著降低作用（P＜0.01）.结论：驱虫斑鸠菊提取物对小鼠免疫系统具有明显抑制作用.     

正交试验法优选沙棘叶总黄酮提取工艺研究

目的:优选沙棘叶中沙棘总黄酮的乙醇提取最佳工艺。方法:采用经典正交试验设计L9(34),以总黄酮含量和浸膏得率为评价指标,以乙醇为溶媒,优化沙棘叶黄酮的最佳提取工艺。结果:沙棘叶总黄酮的乙醇提取最佳工艺为A1B1C3D1,即50%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h,液料比分别为1∶12、1∶10、1∶8。结论:沙棘叶总黄酮利用乙醇提取合理可行,该实验为沙棘黄酮的工业化制剂生产、沙棘药材资源的开发利用提供数据参考。     

HPLC法同时测定维药驱虫斑鸠菊中4个黄酮类成分含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定维药驱虫斑鸠菊中圣草酚、紫铆查耳酮、紫铆素和异鼠李素含量的方法,为完善驱虫斑鸠菊质量标准提供依据。方法:以圣草酚、紫铆查耳酮、紫铆素和异鼠李素为对照品,采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈为流动相A,0.2%磷酸水溶液为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱,检测波长310 nm,流速1.0 m L·min-1,柱温25℃,测定驱虫斑鸠菊药材中这4个黄酮类成分的含量。结果:本法中圣草酚、紫铆查耳酮、紫铆素和异鼠李素的进样量分别在13.44~107.52、30.24~241.92、9.60~76.80、6.25~49.97 ng范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系,r分别为0.9998、0.9999、0.9991、0.9997,平均加样回收率(n=9)在99.70%~100.56%,RSD小于2.0%。结论:本法简单、快速、重现性好,可为评价驱虫斑鸠菊药材的质量提供依据。     

驱虫斑鸠菊不同提取部位对小鼠B16细胞黑素合成及酪氨酸酶活性的影响

目的 观察驱虫斑鸠菊不同提取部位对体外培养的小鼠B16细胞黑素合成和酪氨酸酶活性的影响.方法 由驱虫斑鸠菊得到3种不同部位提取物,分别为母液(Q1)、乙酸乙酯提取物(Q2)及萃取后物质(Q3).以体外培养的小鼠B16黑素瘤细胞为模型,以3个色素合成途径中的关键点为多靶点评价体系,其中采用MTT法测定提取物对B16小鼠黑素瘤细胞增殖的影响,采用L-DOPA氧化法测定对酪氨酸酶活性的影响,采用NaOH裂解法检测黑素含量.结果 3种提取部位对B16细胞都有一定的增殖作用,其中Q1、Q2促进增殖作用明显(P＜0.01),Q3有轻微的促进增殖的作用.Q1、Q3对酪氨酸酶有不同程度的激活作用并促进黑素的合成,其中Q3 在20～80 μg/ml 范围内促进B16细胞黑素合成作用明显(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且Q3以浓度依赖方式上调酪氨酸活性.结论 驱虫斑鸠菊残留的水溶性部分是稳定的调节B16细胞黑素合成的活性部位.     

驱虫班鸠菊注射液联合胸腺肽肠溶片治疗白癜风疗效观察

目的 对比观察驱虫斑鸠菊注射液联合胸腺肽肠溶片治疗白癜风的临床疗效.方法 96例白癜风患者随机分组;治疗组予以驱虫斑鸠菊注射液肌肉注射联合胸腺肽肠溶片口服,对照组仅口服胸腺肽肠溶片.结果 治疗组总有效率92.00%,对照组总有效率67.39%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.01).结论 驱虫斑鸠菊注射液联合胸腺肽肠溶片治疗白癜风临床治疗效果好,值得推广应用.     

驱虫斑鸠菊注射液联合高能紫外线治疗白癜风的效果观察

目的探讨驱虫斑鸠菊注射液联合高能紫外线治疗白癜风的效果。方法将就诊的白癜风患者分为治疗组与对照组，每组各30例。治疗组给予驱虫斑鸠菊注射液肌肉注射2mL每日1次，联合高能紫外线照射治疗每周1次；对照组仅给予高能紫外线照射治疗。结果治疗组治疗有效29例，有效率86．67％，其中治愈12例，治愈率40％。对照组治疗有效26例，有效56．67％，其中治愈6例，治愈率20％。2组患者疗效比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论驱虫斑鸠菊注射液联合高能紫外线治疗白癜风副作用少，有效。     

驱虫斑鸠菊果实的显微鉴别研究

目的：阐明驱虫斑鸠菊果实的显微鉴别特征,为制定质量标准提供依据。方法：采用九五版《中华人民共和国药典》所载的药材显微鉴别方法。结果：详细描述了驱虫斑鸠菊果皮与种皮的显微组成及药材粉末的细胞组成。结论：驱虫斑鸠菊果实中的果皮中纤维束与含草酸钙柱晶的薄壁细胞群的分布方式以外种皮的硅质化网纹细胞均可作为其显微鉴别特征。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.