鲑降钙素喷鼻剂稳定性考察

目的考察鲑降钙素喷鼻剂的稳定性,为制定其合理的有效期、储存条件提供依据。方法采用高效液相色谱法,分别测定在强光、高温、高湿条件下放置5 d和10 d,在25℃加速试验的条件下放置6个月,在（5±3）℃的条件下放置3个月的鲑降钙素喷鼻剂的含量、有关物质等的含量变化情况。结果鲑降钙素喷鼻剂在40℃、25℃和强光条件下,含量及有关物质均发生明显变化,在（5±3）℃及高湿度条件下则未发生明显变化,各储存条件下的pH值及外观装量等均无明显变化。结论鲑降钙素的有效期可暂定24个月,其合适储存条件为低温（2～8℃）、避光贮存。     

丹参注射液与黄芪注射液配伍稳定性考察

目的：观察丹参注射液与黄芪注射液的配伍稳定性。方法：采用高效液相色谱法，观察丹参注射液与黄芪注射液配伍后在恒温（30℃）下5h内的含量变化，并观察和检测配伍液的外观及pH值变化。结果：5h内配伍液外观、pH值及含量均无明显变化。结论：丹参注射液与黄芪注射液配伍后在恒温（30℃）下5h内可使用。     

头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠在3种输液中的稳定性考察

采用HPLC法考察恒温条件下（35℃）头孢哌酮钠／舒巴坦钠在5％葡萄糖氯化钠注射液（5％GNS）、5％葡萄糖注射液（5％GS）及10％葡萄糖注射液（10％GS）中的稳定性。结果：头孢哌酮钠／舒巴坦钠在5％ GNS、5％GS及10％GS 3种输液中的T0．9分别为3．55、3．27和3．12h。提示头孢哌酮钠／舒巴坦钠在输液中的稳定性有限，其临床前配制，如溶解于输液后应及时使用。     

pH值对奥硝唑注射液灭菌稳定性的影响

目的评价不同pH值条件下奥硝唑注射液灭菌稳定性。方法根据奥硝唑注射液的制备方法,分别制备pH为3.0、3.5、4.0、4.5的奥硝唑注射液,115℃、30 min灭菌后,评价有关物质的变化情况。结果灭菌以后,奥硝唑输液的有关物质均有所增加,其有关物质含量随着溶液的pH值升高而增加,当pH值>4.0时,其有关物质限量已经超过相关规定。结论奥硝唑注射液的pH值在较低情况下时,灭菌较稳定。     

RP-HPLC法测定注射用阿奇霉素的有关物质

目的建立注射用阿奇霉素的有关物质的检测方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法检测注射用阿奇霉素中有关物质。液相色谱条件为色谱枉：Waters Xbridge TM Sheild RP18,流动相：乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液（取0．05mol／L磷酸氢二钾溶液,用20％磷酸溶液调节pH值至8．6）（58：42）,流速：1ml／min,检测波长为210nm,柱温：30℃。结果高效液相色谱法阿奇霉素的检测限为4．6ng,阿奇霉素主峰与杂质峰分离完全。结论高效液相色谱法灵敏度高,可量化,更适用于注射用阿奇霉素的有关物质检查。     

异山梨醇口服液的稳定性研究

用恒温加速实验法进行了异山梨醇口服液的稳定性研究，初步探讨了调节其ｐＨ值的不同物质不同ｐＨ值对其稳定性的影响，结果表明，Ｈ３ＢＯ３（ｐＨ３．８４）及维生素Ｃ（ｐＨ２．５４）条件下的τ＾２５℃０．５和τ＾２５℃０．９值较理想，光照对稳定性影响较小。     

注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾配伍液变色和沉淀的原因分析

目的分析注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾配伍液变色和沉淀的原因，提出预防措施，确保临床用药安全有效。方法查阅相关文献，从中获取阿莫西林钠和克拉维酸钾的稳定性资料，解释变色沉淀现象。结果本品配伍液变色与阿莫西林钠和克拉维酸钾在一定条件下（水分、温度、光线、溶媒及pH值、时间）分解有关；沉淀与配伍时温度低、pH值低、浓度高有关。结论本品应密闭，在凉暗干燥处（≤20℃）保存，用0.9％氯化钠注射液（pH值6．5～7.0）溶解，立即稀释至1.2g／100ml，并在2h内（20℃以下暗处）完成整个输液过程。     

来氟米特水溶液化学稳定性的研究

目的：研究广泛pH范围内来氟米特的化学稳定性。方法：建立来氟米特的HPLC测定方法,测定不同温度下不同pH值时来氟米特分解的速度常数,得到不同pH值时的分解活化能及不同温度下的最稳定pH值。结果：常温（20-40℃）下来氟米特最稳定的pH范围是2.85-4.56,活化能数值恰在此范围内出现极大值。最稳定的pH范围随温度升高而向低pH值方向移动,当温度大于60℃时,最稳定pH值为1.80以下。结论：适当调整溶液的pH值可以显著改善来氟米特的化学稳定性,为其制剂学研究提供了部分依据。     

注射用长春西汀稳定性考察

目的：考察注射用长春西汀的稳定性。方法：检测高温、强光影响因素条件下以及加速试验和长期室温条件下注射用长春西汀性状、有关物质的含量变化情况。结果：与0个月样品比较，室温条件下放置24个月后三批样品各项检测指标均无明显变化。结论：注射用长春西汀在室温条件下稳定性良好。     

亚甲蓝原料药的稳定性考察

目的：考察亚甲蓝原料药的稳定性。方法：亚甲蓝原料药经强光照射（4500 lx）10 d、高温存放（40℃）10 d、高湿存放[25℃,RH（75±5）%]10 d、加速试验[（40±2）℃,RH（75±5）%]6个月、长期试验1年,考察亚甲蓝原料药经不同条件存放后的性状、含量及有关物质的变化。结果：亚甲蓝原料药经光照试验、高湿试验、高温试验、加速试验和长期试验后,所考察指标均符合质量标准要求。结论：亚甲蓝原料药稳定性较好,但具有吸湿性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.