2-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并咪唑的合成方法的研究

目的本文对2-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并咪唑的合成方法进行了研究,并探索了其合成的最优工艺条件.方法本课题以邻苯二胺和对甲氧基苯甲醛为原料,在甲醇为溶剂,磷酸为催化剂的酸性条件下,一步反应制得2-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并咪唑.结果考察了催化剂、催化剂的量、反应物料摩尔比、溶剂四个因素对反应产率的影响.反应产物烘干后,通过测熔点,红外光谱进行分析.结论通过对实验数据的处理得出了最优化工艺合成条件:以磷酸作催化剂,甲醇为溶剂物料摩尔比为N(邻苯二胺):N(对甲氧基苯甲醛):N(磷酸)为1:1.2:3.8,的条件下,2-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并咪唑收率可以达到75%以上。     

3-（3，4-二甲氧基苯基）-6-甲基香豆素合成方法的改进

目的：探讨3-芳基取代香豆素衍生物的简易合成方法。方法：以5-甲基水杨醛和3,4-二甲氧基苯乙酸为原料,在醋酐和三乙胺条件下,经加热环合反应,合成3-（3,4-二甲氧基苯基）-6-甲基香豆素。结果：与文献方法相比,本法的一步反应收率从12％～33％提高到73．6％。结论：本法操作简单,收率高,更具实用性。     

2-(3,5-二甲氧基苯甲撑基)-环戊酮的合成及其抗感染与抗肿瘤活性的研究

目的:研究2-(3,5-二甲氧基苯甲撑基)-环戊酮(IV)的合成方法及其对抗炎和抗肿瘤活性的影响。方法:环7戊酮与吗啡啉脱水反应得到烯胺,然后与3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛进行缩合反应,生成目标化合物IV7。采用人胆囊收缩素/缩胆囊素八肽(CCK-8)法评价IV7对Hela细胞株增殖的影响;应用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型评价IV7的抗炎活性。结果:IV7与阴性对照药CMC-Na组相比,抗炎活性的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IV7抑制Hela细胞增殖的作用较弱,在培养48h时IC50为76.0靘ol/L。结论:IV7具有较好的抗炎活性。     

(E)-3-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯的合成

4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯甲醛和丙二酸在吡啶和苯胺催化下,经Knoevenagel缩合反应制得(E)-3-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸,再在1-(3-二甲胺基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和4-二甲胺基吡啶作用下与甲醇成酯制得(E)-3-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯,总收率为58.5％.     

维生素B1催化合成1-(3-甲氧基-4-丙氧基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,4-二酮

研究以NaCN和维生素B1为催化剂合成MK-287的关键中间体1-(3-甲氧基-4-丙氧基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,4-二酮(1)的催化效果.结果表明维生素B1较文献报道的催化剂ETB具有反应时间短、成本低廉的优点,可代替ETB合成目的化合物.     

6-取代苯基哒嗪的3位γ-氨基丁酸衍生物的合成及抗惊活性

GABA的合成类似物是开发新型抗惊剂和抗癫痫药物的新领域。由芳香醛与吗啉、氰化钾反应形成的α-芳基-α-(4-吗啉)乙腈,可对α,β-不饱和腈或酯进行1,4-加成,生成1,4-酮酸型化合物。此物与肼缩合,再经芳构化即得6-芳基-3(2H)哒嗪酮。后者再经氯化后。与GABA缩合,制备3-(N-GABA)-6-芳基哒嗪类及其分子内脱水产物3-(N-丁内酰胺)-6-芳基哒嗪类化合物。本文应用此法合成了17个上述苯代哒嗪的GABA衍生物,并初步测验了它们的抗惊(MES)活性。活性最强的是3-(N-GABA)-6-(2′,4′-二氯苯基)哒嗪(ED_(50)=21.05mg/kg)。     

6-取代苯基哒嗪的3位γ-氨基丁酸衍生物的合成及抗惊活性

GABA的合成类似物是开发新型抗惊剂和抗癫痫药物的新领域。由芳香醛与吗啉、氰化钾反应形成的α-芳基-α-(4-吗啉)乙腈,可对α,β-不饱和腈或酯进行1,4-加成,生成1,4-酮酸型化合物。此物与肼缩合,再经芳构化即得6-芳基-3(2H)哒嗪酮。后者再经氯化后。与GABA缩合,制备3-(N-GABA)-6-芳基哒嗪类及其分子内脱水产物3-(N-丁内酰胺)-6-芳基哒嗪类化合物。本文应用此法合成了17个上述苯代哒嗪的GABA衍生物,并初步测验了它们的抗惊(MES)活性。活性最强的是3-(N-GABA)-6-(2′,4′-二氯苯基)哒嗪(ED₅₀=21.05mg/kg)。     

2-(4-氯-3-甲基苯基)-1,2,4-三嗪-3,5(2H,4H)-二酮的合成

对硝基邻甲苯胺经重氮化、氯代、还原、闭环、水解、脱羧6步反应得到2-（4-氯-3-甲基苯基）-1,2,4-三嗪-3,5（2H,4H）-二酮,总收率约40%。     

(2S,3R)-1-二甲氨基-3-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-甲基戊-3-醇的合成工艺研究

目的 对(2S,3R)- 1-二甲氨基-3-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-甲基戊-3-醇合成工艺进行研究.方法 以3-戊酮为起始原料,经Mannich反应、手性拆分、Grignard反应等步骤合成(2S,3R)-1-二甲氨基-3-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-甲基戊-3-醇,并对化学拆分进行工艺优化.结果 合成(2S,3R)-1...     

吲哚-1,3,4-噁二唑类衍生物的合成及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 合成吲哚-1,3,4-噁二唑类衍生物,并进行体外抗肿瘤活性研究。方法 以吲哚-3-甲酰肼为起始原料,通过[4+1]环加成反应、水解反应、缩合反应得到目标化合物。采用MTT法测试目标化合物对HeLa、SCG-7901和MDA-MB-231细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性。采用克隆形成实验考察化合物6f对SCG-7901细胞增殖的影响。采用Annexin V-APC/PI双染法检测化合物6f对SCG-7901细胞凋亡和坏死的影响。采用DAPI染色法检测化合物6f对SCG-7901细胞凋亡核染色质形态学的影响。采用DCFH-DA染色法检测化合物6f对SCG-7901细胞中活性氧含量的影响。结果 合成了15个吲哚-1,3,4-噁二唑类衍生物,其结构经¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR和HR-ESI-MS确证。部分化合物表现出良好的抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物6f对HeLa、SCG-7901和MDA-MB-231 3种肿瘤细胞株均表现出明显的抗增殖作用,且具有一定的选择性。进一步研究表明,化合物6f以浓度相关的方式促进细胞产生活性氧,抑制细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。结论 部分吲哚-1,3,4-噁二唑类衍生物表现出良好的抗肿瘤活性,为该类化合物的进一步抗肿瘤活性研究提供思路。     

(3R,5S)-6-氧代-3,5-O-亚异丙基-3,5-二羟基己酸叔丁酯的合成

L-（-）-苹果酸经酯化、还原、羟基保护、缩合、羰基还原、羟基保护、脱硅保护和Swern氧化等反应制得罗伐他汀的关键中间体（3R，5S）-6-氧代-3,5-O-亚异丙基-3，5-二羟基己酸叔丁酯，总收率25％。     

Role of biotransformation in 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione-induced hepatotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats

Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism in the thiazolidinedione (TZD) ring may contribute to the hepatotoxicity of the insulin-sensitizing agents such as troglitazone. We were interested in determining if biotransformation could also be a factor in the liver damage associated with another TZD ring containing compound, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione (DCPT). Therefore, hepatotoxic doses of DCPT (0.6 or 1.0mmol/kg, i.p.) were administered to male Fischer 344 rats after pretreatment with vehicle, 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT, non-selective CYP inhibitor) and troleandomycin (TAO, CYP3A inhibitor). Alternatively, rats were pretreated with vehicle or the CYP3A inducer dexamethasone (DEX) prior to a non-toxic DCPT dose (0.2mmol/kg, i.p.). Vehicle-, ABT-, TAO- and DEX-only control groups were also run. Toxicity was assessed 24h after DCPT administration. Both hepatotoxic doses of DCPT induced elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels that were attenuated by ABT or TAO pretreatment. Liver sections from rats that received vehicle+DCPT revealed areas of gross necrosis and neutrophil invasion, whereas sections from ABT+DCPT and TAO+DCPT rats showed minor changes compared to controls. DEX pretreatment potentiated ALT levels associated with the non-toxic DCPT dose. Furthermore, DEX+DCPT rat liver sections exhibited hepatic injury when compared against rats that received vehicle+DCPT. Blood urea nitrogen levels, urinalysis and kidney morphology were not markedly altered by any combination of pretreatments or treatments. Enzyme activity and Western blotting experiments with rat liver microsomes confirmed the effects of the various pretreatments. Our results suggest that hepatic CYP3A isozymes may be involved in DCPT-induced liver damage in male rats. We believe this is the first report demonstrating that modulation of the biotransformation of a TZD ring-containing compound can alter hepatotoxicity in a common animal model.     

Effect of gender,dose, and time on 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione (DCPT)-induced hepatotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats

1.?The thiazolidinedione ring present in drugs available for type II diabetes can contribute to hepatic injury. Another thiazolidinedione ring-containing compound, 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-thiazoli-dinedione (DCPT), produces liver damage in rats. Accordingly, the effects of gender, dose, and time on DCPT hepatotoxicity were therefore evaluated.

2.?Male rats were more sensitive to DCPT (0.4–1.0 mmol kg^?1 by intraperitoneal administration) as shown by increased serum alanine aminotransferase levels and altered hepatic morphology 24 h post-dosing. Effects in both genders were dose dependent. In males, DCPT (0.6 mmol kg^?1) produced elevations in alanine aminotransferases and changes in liver h after dosing that progressively worsened up to 12 h. DCPT-induced renal effects were mild.

3.?It is concluded that male rats are more susceptible to DCPT hepatotoxicity and that damage occurs rapidly. DCPT primarily affects the liver and can be a useful compound to investigate the role of the thiazolidinedione ring in hepatic injury. However, the gender dependency and rapid onset of DCPT hepatotoxicity require further investigation.     

4-吗啉喹唑啉类PI3K抑制剂的合成及活性研究

目的寻找具有新型骨架结构的磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)抑制剂。方法基于活性化合物,利用"杂交"设计原理,设计和合成了系列4-吗啉喹唑啉类衍生物。结果目标化合物经1HNMR、质谱确证结构,并评价了其对Rh30细胞的增殖抑制活性。结论大部分化合物具有较好的抑制活性,化合物8b的活性最强,其IC50达0.8μmol.L-1。4-吗啉喹唑啉是一类新型的PI3K抑制剂骨架,值得进一步进行结构修饰研究。     

6-取代苯基-3(2H)哒嗪酮的合成、抗惊活性及其构效关系的研究

本文报道了14个6-取代苯基-4,5-二氢-3(2H)哒嗪酮和15个6-取代苯基-3(2H)哒嚎酮的合成及其抗电惊活性。其ED₅₀值表明,以2′,4′-二氯苯基-3(2H)哒嗪酮的抗惊作用为最强。构效分析表明,苯环上的取代基对化合物的抗惊活性有明显影响,吸电子取代基和疏水性参数值较大的取代基有利于提高化合物的抗惊活性。     

Inhibitory effects of 6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis

As a part of an ongoing project searching for new skin-lightening agents, the inhibitory property of 6-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol (HPN) on melanogenesis was investigated. The inhibitory action of HPN (IC₅₀=15.2 μM) on mushroom tyrosinase was revealed. To further explore the action of HPN on melanogenesis, the inhibition of tyrosinase and melanin levels were measured in B16 melanoma cells (B16 cells). Results show that HPN inhibited tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin in B16 cells. Therefore, our data indicate HPN as a new candidate for depigmentation reagents. Contributed equally to this work.