人乳牙牙髓干细胞和恒牙牙髓干细胞的蛋白质组学比较

目的 采用蛋白质组学方法研究人乳牙牙髓干细胞（SHED）和恒牙牙髓干细胞（DPSC）中的蛋白表达差异.方法 应用双向凝胶电泳技术分离SHED和DPSC的细胞总蛋白.通过比较两种细胞的蛋白组学图谱,确定差异表达的蛋白点,而后对差异点进行基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱分析和蛋白数据库信息检索,对差异蛋白进行功能分类.结果 建立了SHED和DPSC的蛋白质组图谱,经软件分析出45个差异蛋白点,其中26个表达上调,19个表达下调,再经质谱鉴定出48种蛋白,其生物学功能涉及细胞周期、代谢等.结论 SHED与DPSC中蛋白的差异表达体现了两种细胞在结构和功能上的异同性,为进一步研究SHED和DPSC在增殖、分化中的差异,以及牙齿相关干细胞在组织工程和再生医学研究中的应用提供参考.     

乳牙牙髓干细胞的研究进展

乳牙牙髓干细胞（SHED）来源于脱落的乳牙牙髓,具有较强的增殖能力、自我更新能力、多向分化潜能,而且乳牙为生物废弃物,符合伦理要求,所以渐渐成为干细胞领域研究的新热点。本文就SHED的生物学特征、培养方法、鉴定方法、多向分化潜能及其在疾病治疗中应用的研究进展作一综述。     

牙髓干细胞的研究和应用展望

成体干细胞的研究在组织和器官修复再生中具有重要的意义。近年来，在现代细胞生物学、分子生物学和分子遗传学研究推动下，有关牙髓干细胞的来源、体外培养、细胞表型和功能等研究积极展开，本文将对其研究进展及在牙髓疾病和牙齿再生修复中的应用前景作一综述。     

乳牙牙髓干细胞在口腔颌面疾病治疗中的应用

乳牙牙髓干细胞(stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, SHEDs)是一种牙源性间充质干细胞,来源易获取,扩增效率高,可以分化成多种细胞,并形成不同组织,还能分泌多种功能性细胞活性因子,具有调节免疫、抗细胞凋亡、促进组织修复和再生等多种功能。随着对SHEDs的研究的不断深入,发现SHEDs在治疗难治性疾病中具有一定的潜能,被认为是组织工程和干细胞治疗中颇具应用前景的种子细胞之一。本文主要阐述SHEDs的生物学特性和优势,并对其在口腔颌面部疾病中的应用及研究进展展开论述。     

牙髓干细胞的研究

牙髓干细胞是存在于牙髓组织中的一种成体干细胞，具有高度增殖、自我更新的能力和多向分化的潜能。牙髓干细胞的研究对牙组织工程和牙齿的再生将产生重要的意义。本文就牙髓干细胞的研究现状作一综述，并对其应用前景以及目前存在的问题进行讨论。     

人乳牙牙髓干细胞分化的研究进展

<正>人乳牙牙髓干细胞(stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth,SHED)是口腔来源的干细胞,因高度增殖能力和多分化的潜能,而成为再生医学的热点。本文就其多方向分化潜能进行综述。     

人牙髓干细胞无血清培养方法的研究进展

人牙髓干细胞是再生医学中的主要细胞来源之一,具有多向分化潜能,已经被应用于治疗多种疾病,包括Ⅰ型糖尿病、神经系统疾病等。为满足临床需求,牙髓干细胞需进行体外扩增。常规的牙髓干细胞体外扩增方法需要运用添加胎牛血清的培养基,但近些年来由于胎牛血清存在伦理和安全两方面的问题,推荐使用无血清培养方法。本文对无血清培养基培养人牙髓干细胞的组成及方法,及其培育出的细胞的特性和其他相关应用进行综述。     

Oct4调节成体干细胞多能性的研究进展

成体干细胞是存在于人和哺乳动物特定组织中的具有自我更新和一定分化潜能的未成熟细胞,参与成体组织的更新和创伤修复.牙髓干细胞是牙髓损伤修复的潜能所在,如何调控其生物学行为以促进牙髓修复再生是当前的研究热点.Oct4 在干细胞发育的基因调控网络中居核心地位,近年研究显示Oct4 具有维持成体干细胞多能性的功能.本文通过阐述Oct4 的结构和功能,揭示其在成体干细胞中的调节作用,为研究Oct4 对牙髓干细胞的调节作用提供理论基础.     

牙髓干细胞与牙本质再生相关性的研究进展

牙髓中存在具备自我更新和多向分化潜能的牙髓干细胞。这些细胞经诱导可向成牙本质细胞分化并形成牙本质样结构，有望成为牙本质再生的种子细胞。本文就牙髓干细胞的来源、生物学特性及其在牙本质再生中的应用作一综述。     

牙髓干细胞与牙本质再生相关性的研究进展

牙髓中存在具备自我更新和多向分化潜能的牙髓干细胞.这些细胞经诱导可向成牙本质细胞分化并形成牙本质样结构,有望成为牙本质再生的种子细胞.本文就牙髓干细胞的来源、生物学特性及其在牙本质再生中的应用作一综述.     

脱落乳牙牙髓干细胞在口腔颌面部组织再生及免疫调节中应用的研究进展

乳牙牙髓干细胞是一种成体干细胞,提取自脱落的乳牙,易获取、无创伤,符合伦理要求,同时具有强增殖能力及多分化潜能;其低免疫原性的特点使得移植后宿主无发生免疫反应或排斥反应的风险,也不需要接受免疫抑制治疗.这些特性使乳牙牙髓干细胞成为再生医学中细胞治疗所需的理想种子细胞之一.文章就脱落乳牙牙髓干细胞(stem cells ...     

SHED repair critical-size calvarial defects in mice

Objective:  Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a population of highly proliferative postnatal stem cells capable of differentiating into odontoblasts, adipocytes, neural cells, and osteo-inductive cells. To examine whether SHED-mediated bone regeneration can be utilized for therapeutic purposes, we used SHED to repair critical-size calvarial defects in immunocompromised mice.
Materials and methods:  We generated calvarial defects and transplanted SHED with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate as a carrier into the defect areas.
Results:  SHED were able to repair the defects with substantial bone formation. Interestingly, SHED-mediated osteogenesis failed to recruit hematopoietic marrow elements that are commonly seen in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-generated bone. Furthermore, SHED were found to co-express mesenchymal stem cell marker, CC9/MUC18/CD146, with an array of growth factor receptors such as transforming growth factor β receptor I and II, fibroblast growth factor receptor I and III, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor I, implying their comprehensive differentiation potential.
Conclusions:  Our data indicate that SHED, derived from neural crest cells, may select unique mechanisms to exert osteogenesis. SHED might be a suitable resource for orofacial bone regeneration.     

Oral stem cells in intraoral bone formation

BackgroundCraniofacial bone loss is a common phenomenon ranging from small periodontal defects to large defects following trauma, surgery or congenital malformations. It is imperative to address these defects with utmost care and precision to avoid functional and aesthetic problems. The human oral cavity is a rich source of adult mesenchymal stem cells. Researchers have documented their isolation and studied them extensively for their invitro capacity of hard and soft tissue regeneration. One of the widely studied properties is their osteogenic potential. Bone formation using oral stem cells has shown successful results in numerous animal trials. Some studies have progressed to evaluate their future potential in humans.HighlightThis review aimed at discussing the use of human oral stem cells, specifically for bone regeneration in human maxillofacial region.ConclusionOral stem cells have excellent potential for bone formation and can be successfully used to replace traditionally used bone marrow stem cells. Some sources like stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), dental follicle stem cells (DFSC), Stem Cells from Apical Papilla (SCAP), and others need assessment beyond animal models and require human studies for clinical use. More clinical trials of randomized nature are suggested to standardize the clinical procedure and strengthen the claim of oral stem cells as potential replacement of bone marrow counterparts.     

The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells to regenerate and repair dental structures

OBJECTIVES: Identification, characterization, and potential application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from human dental tissues. METHODS: Dental pulp and periodontal ligament were obtained from normal human impacted third molars. The tissues were digested in collagenase/dispase to generate single cell suspensions. Cells were cultured in alpha-MEM supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l-glutamine, 100 microM l-ascorbate-2-phosphate. Magnetic and fluorescence activated cell sorting were employed to characterize the phenotype of freshly isolated and ex vivo expanded cell populations. The developmental potential of cultured cells was assessed following co-transplantation with hydroxyapetite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) particles into immunocompromised mice for 8 weeks. RESULTS: MSC were identified in adult human dental pulp (dental pulp stem cells, DPSC), human primary teeth (stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, SHED), and periodontal ligament (periodontal ligament stem cells, PDLSC) by their capacity to generate clongenic cell clusters in culture. Ex vivo expanded DPSC, SHED, and PDLSC populations expressed a heterogeneous assortment of makers associated with MSC, dentin, bone, smooth muscle, neural tissue, and endothelium. PDLSC were also found to express the tendon specific marker, Scleraxis. Xenogeneic transplants containing HA/TCP with either DPSC or SHED generated donor-derived dentin-pulp-like tissues with distinct odontoblast layers lining the mineralized dentin-matrix. In parallel studies, PDLSC generated cementum-like structures associated with PDL-like connective tissue when transplanted with HA/TCP into immunocompromised mice. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these data revealed the presence of distinct MSC populations associated with dental structures with the potential of stem cells to regenerate living human dental tissues in vivo.     

牙源性干细胞及牙髓再生的研究进展

牙髓组织中含有细胞、血管、神经和纤维等,是一个复杂的3D结构系统。随着干细胞生物学和组织工程学的相互结合和促进,牙髓再生逐渐成为可能。牙体组织中分离出的多种干细胞,如牙髓干细胞、脱落乳牙牙髓干细胞、根尖牙乳头干细胞、牙囊干细胞等,都具有再生牙髓的潜能。文章就牙源性干细胞及以牙源性干细胞为基础的牙髓再生的研究进展做一综述。     

慢性牙周炎中肿瘤坏死因子ɑ对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的调控作用

骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）在重构牙周组织结构和功能、促进牙周炎好转乃至愈合方面发挥重要作用,因此BMSCs的特性尤其是其成骨分化的调控机制是目前的研究热点。肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）是牙周组织炎症微环境中的主要促炎因子,与BMSCs的成骨分化密切相关。探究TNF-α调控BMSCs成骨分化的机制有助于明确牙周炎的发病机制,寻找牙周疾病新的治疗靶点,改善牙周炎的治疗效果。本文将针对TNF-α在牙周炎发生发展过程中发挥的重要作用尤其是调控BMSCs成骨分化的可能机制作一综述。     

牙周组织再生治疗中牙源性干细胞的研究进展

牙周炎是一种慢性炎症性疾病,它可以破坏牙周组织,甚至导致牙齿丧失。随着对其发病机理的深入研究．牙周治疗的重点已从阻止疾病发展转变为促进牙周组织的再生和重建。牙周组织工程技术已成为牙周组织再生治疗的发展方向。干细胞群体的选择是组织工程最关键的部分之一。牙源性干细胞因其优良的再生和分化潜能,成为牙周组织再生治疗的重要来源。本文就牙周组织再生治疗中牙源性干细胞的研究进展作一综述。     

人乳牙牙髓干细胞和成人牙髓干细胞研究进展

近年来,成体干细胞不断地从不同的组织中被分离出来,该类细胞具有多向分化潜能、较强的增殖能力和持久的自我更新能力,具备充当组织工程种子细胞的天然优势。2000年和2003年,研究者先后从成人牙髓组织和人乳牙牙髓组织中分离出具有干细胞特征的细胞,这两种细胞的发现对牙组织工程将产生重要的意义。现就这两种成体干细胞的研究进展做一综述,并展望其应用前景。