分泌型卷曲相关蛋白1及β-连环蛋白在慢性牙周炎患者牙龈组织中的表达

目的 检测分泌型卷曲相关蛋白1（SFRP1）及β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）在慢性牙周炎（CP）患者牙龈组织中的表达及相关性,探讨经典Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在牙周炎发生发展中的作用。方法 选取CP患者28例（CP组）,其中中度CP16例,重度CP12例,健康对照者12例（正常组）,收集牙龈组织并记录探诊深度、出血指数及临床附着丧失水平。采用免疫组织化学技术检测SFRP1及β-catenin的表达,双评分法评价阳性染色强度,SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 正常组SFRP1及β-catenin的着色强度积分值分别为2.16±0.65、1.12±0.51,CP组为3.57±0.45、2.36±0.49,其中中度CP组为3.61±0.40、2.30±0.44,重度CP组为3.52±0.52、2.45±0.55。CP组中SFRP1及β-catenin的表达较正常组升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。进一步比较,正常组与中度、重度CP组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）,但中度与重度CP组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。SFRP1与β-catenin着色强度的相关系数r=0.657（P<0.01）。两者的表达均与牙周临床指数相关,其中SFRP1与探诊深度的相关性最明显（r=0.723,P<0.01）;β-catenin与出血指数的相关性最强（r=0.697,P<0.01）。结论 SFRP1及β-catenin在CP患者牙龈组织中的表达升高且与牙周破坏相关,两者的异常表达可能促进牙周炎的发生发展。     

髁突矢状骨折手术中关节盘复位的应用

目的 探讨髁突囊内骨折开放手术中关节盘复位及固定方法的选择及疗效评判。方法 选择因髁突骨折接受手术治疗,且随访期超过6个月的36例患者为研究对象,骨折类型以髁突矢状骨折为主;术中采用长螺钉内固定,依据关节盘移位及损伤程度分别对关节盘采用缝合法（22侧）及锚固法（14侧）进行复位。术后1、3、6个月及1年进行随访,选择手术前及手术后6个月为时间点详细记录Fricton颞下颌关节紊乱指数（CMI）相关的各项指标,从临床和颞下颌关节（TMJ）功能两方面评估术后恢复情况。结果 两组患者术后TMJ功能改善,CMI分别从治疗前的0.213±0.162和0.273±0.154下降到0.059±0.072和0.064±0.068（P<0.05）。两组不同关节盘复位及固定方法之间比较,CMI、肌肉压痛指数和TMJ功能障碍指数差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 2种方法处理关节盘均可以有效地改善创伤导致的TMJ功能障碍,关节盘复位及固定方法的选择以关节盘移位及损伤程度作为参考。     

激光多普勒血流仪检测年轻上颌切牙牙髓血流的探索

目的 采用多普勒血流仪检测年轻上颌切牙的牙髓组织血流量（PBF）,分析年龄对PBF的影响。方法 采用激光多普勒血流仪检测7~13岁儿童（儿童组）、18~25岁青年人（阳性对照组）的上颌中切牙和侧切牙的PBF,以已行根管治疗的上颌中切牙的PBF为阴性对照组。对各组PBF以及不同性别、牙位间的PBF进行比较,同时分析上颌中切牙与侧切牙PBF间的关系,以及儿童组上颌切牙PBF与年龄间的关系。结果 儿童组中切牙、侧切牙的PBF分别为（11.31±2.21）、（12.18±2.65）PU,阳性对照组中切牙、侧切牙的PBF分别为（8.49±1.88）、（7.52±1.82）PU,阴性对照组中切牙PBF为（2.08±0.73）PU。各组间同名牙及组内中切牙与侧切牙间均存在统计学差异（P<0.01）,而左右侧同名牙之间、不同性别间均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。中切牙、侧切牙PBF与年龄呈线性负相关关系,Pearson相关系数分别为-0.310和-0.510（P<0.01）。结论 7~13岁儿童正常上颌切牙PBF值随着年龄的增加而减小。     

不同抛光工具对CEREC Blocs陶瓷抛光效果的比较研究

目的 比较临床常用的几种玻璃陶瓷抛光工具对CEREC Blocs陶瓷的抛光效果,为临床抛光工具的选择提供依据。方法 制作60个陶瓷试件,随机分为6组（n=10）,进行不同的表面处理。G组：釉膏上釉;SF组：使用松风Porcelain Adjustment Kit+CeraMaster 组合抛光;3M组：使用3M Sof-Lex^TMDiscs套装抛光;Tob组：使用道邦玻璃陶瓷套装抛光;EVE组：使用EVE DIAPRO套装抛光;Ivo组：使用义获嘉伟瓦登特OptraFine^®套装抛光。测量各组试件表面粗糙度值Ra、Rz并作统计分析,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观测试件并对其表面形态作定性分析。结果 G、3M、SF、Ivo、EVE、Tob组的抛光后Ra值分别为（0.069±0.008）、（0.073±0.009）、（0.223±0.025）、（0.229±0.022）、（0.491±0.093）、（0.763±0.067）µm,经统计学分析,Ra值从小到大依次为G和3M组P>0.05）,其余各组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Rz值统计结果与Ra值一致。SEM观察结果与粗糙度值的统计结果一致。结论 不同抛光工具对CEREC Blocs陶瓷的抛光效果不同,本实验条件下,Sof-Lex^TM Discs套装抛光表面最光滑,效果近似釉膏上釉。     

氢气对脂多糖致人牙周膜细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用

目的 研究培养基中加入氢气能否对人牙周膜细胞（hPDLCs）在脂多糖（LPS）刺激下起到保护作用,降低氧化应激损伤,减少细胞凋亡。方法 用1 μg·mL^-1 LPS刺激hPDLCs,分别用普通和富氢培养基培养,检测2组细胞的增殖,凋亡和细胞上清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛（MDA）水平。结果 在LPS刺激下,富氢培养基组细胞增殖活性显著高于普通培养基组,凋亡率降低（P<0.05）。2组间LDH释放量差异无统计学意义。6 h和12 h富氢培养基组细胞上清中CAT活性较普通培养基组显著升高（分别为P<0.05,P<0.01）;而2组的SOD水平在各个时间点均无统计学差异。6 h富氢培养基组细胞上清中MDA水平较普通培养基组显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 氢气可有效改善LPS导致的hPDLCs增殖活性降低及凋亡,并可显著降低氧化应激损伤。     

偏侧咀嚼致大鼠咬肌肌纤维代谢特征改变及其腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶调节机制

目的 探讨偏侧咀嚼对大鼠咬肌肌纤维代谢特征的影响及腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）对肌纤维代谢特征变化的调控作用。方法 拔除大鼠右上颌磨牙建立偏侧咀嚼大鼠模型,实验组分为2、4、6、8周组,设同期对照组。应用辅酶Ⅰ-四氮唑还原酶（NADH-TRase）染色法检测咬肌肌纤维有氧代谢类型以及各型肌纤维的分布密度和构成比;用Western blot技术检测p-AMPK（Thr172）/AMPKα1表达水平。结果 与同期对照组比较,建模2周实验组拔牙侧深染型肌纤维比例增多,非拔牙侧中染型纤维比例增加,浅染型肌纤维比例减少（P<0.05）;建模4、6、8周组双侧深染型肌纤维比例持续增加,拔牙侧显著高于非拔牙侧;第6、8周组双侧中染型肌纤维比例下降（P<0.05）;拔牙侧浅染肌纤维比例在8周组减少,非拔牙侧无明显改变（P>0.05）。p-AMPK（Thr172）/AMPKα1表达水平在2、4周拔牙侧较对照组和非拔牙侧增高（P<0.05）,在非拔牙侧各周组无显著改变（P>0.05）。结论 偏侧咀嚼可促进双侧咬肌肌纤维有氧代谢能力且伴随表型特征的改变,在非工作侧更明显;肌纤维有氧代谢能力增强与AMPK通路的激活有关。     

抑菌浓度米诺环素对成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响

目的 研究抑菌浓度的米诺环素对成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化及Runt相关转录因子2（Runx2）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）mRNA表达的影响。方法 将米诺环素溶液（0、0.1、0.5、1、10 μg·mL^-1）与原代成骨细胞共培养,CCK-8检测增殖活性,通过ALP活性检测、茜素红染色、荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测探讨米诺环素对成骨细胞分化、矿化的影响。结果 0.1、0.5、1 μg·mL^-1的米诺环素可以促进细胞的增殖,上调ALP、Runx2 mRNA的表达水平,增加钙含量及钙化结节的形成,其中1 μg·mL^-1具有最大促进作用（P<0.05）;当浓度为10 μg·mL^-1时这种促进作用开始下降,并对ALP活性和OPN表达有显著抑制作用（P<0.01）。结论 适宜抑菌浓度的米诺环素能促进成骨细胞增殖,上调Runx2、ALP、OPN的表达水平,促进成骨细胞分化和矿化。     

口腔癌患者生存质量的影响因素及医学应对方式分析

目的 评价口腔癌患者术后生存质量的影响因素并对患者的应对方式进行分析。方法 采用第4版华盛顿大学生存质量量表（UWQOL）和医学应对问卷（MCMQ）分别对符合纳入标准的131例口腔癌术后患者进行调查,了解患者生存质量的影响因素及应对方式与生存质量之间的相关关系。结果 共回收有效问卷126份,回收率为96.18%（126/131）。单因素分析显示年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、其他系统性疾病、个人收入水平、牙齿缺失、手术次数、辅助放疗、分期、颈淋巴清扫术、复发及颌骨切除等因素对口腔癌患者生存质量有不同程度的影响（P<0.05）;多重回归分析显示,牙齿缺失、分期、复发及颌骨切除主要在生存质量总得分上的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。口腔癌术后患者应对方式中的面对维度得分为（17.54±4.97）分,回避维度得分为（17.79±2.19）分,屈服维度得分为（12.97±5.70）分,与常模比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,相关分析表明,面对和回避维度与患者生存质量呈正相关,屈服维度与患者生存质量呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论 年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、其他系统性疾病、个人收入水平、牙齿缺失、手术次数、辅助放疗、分期、颈淋巴清扫术、复发及颌骨切除在生存质量各方面均有不同程度的影响,而牙齿缺失、分期、复发及颌骨切除是影响患者整体生存质量的主要因素,应加强个性化治疗及护理,全面提高患者的生存质量,改变患者的不良应对方式。     

与重症低龄儿童龋病相关的唾液微生物群落研究

目的通过高通量测序技术研究重症低龄儿童龋病和健康者唾液的菌群结构及其差异。方法 在青岛市崂山区儿童中,经口腔检查选取健康（H组）和重症低龄龋病（C组）儿童各24名,采取唾液样本,提取其DNA进行聚合酶链式反应扩增,利用454测序平台对16S rRNA V1—V3区进行双端测序,对细菌群落结构及多样性进行差异分析。结果 C组唾液菌群物种丰度高于H组（P<0.05）,两组唾液菌群结构的差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,且C组的群落结构更为相似和保守（P<0.001）;鉴别出C组高表达的可疑致龋微生物（P<0.1）及H组高表达的健康相关微生物（P<0.1）;基于唾液菌属图谱建立的龋病风险评估模型区分健康和龋病者的准确率可高达70%以上。结论 唾液菌群和特定细菌种类,如比例升高的Prevotella菌属有助于评估和筛选低龄儿童龋病风险。     

右美托咪定对儿童牙科日间全麻手术苏醒期躁动的影响

目的 将右美托咪定用于儿童牙科日间全麻手术的维持,探讨其对苏醒期躁动发生的影响。方法 将拟全麻下行口腔治疗的80例儿童牙科患儿随机分为A组和B组,每组40例。A组在全麻维持期静脉注射1 μg·kg^-1负荷量右美托咪定（生理盐水稀释至10 mL）,然后以0.1~0.4 mL·（kg·h）^-1的速度静脉注射至手术结束前45 min,B组以同样方式注射生理盐水。记录2组患儿的年龄,性别,体重,美国麻醉医师协会病情分级（ASAPS）,不同时间点的心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、氧饱和度（SpO₂）,舒芬太尼用量,手术持续时间,手术结束到拔管的时间,拔管到清醒的时间、清醒后行为评分（FPAS）,达离院标准的时间等指标,并进行统计分析。结果 2组手术开始、手术10 min、30 min、1 h、2 h及拔管后的HR、MAP均有统计学差异,A组低于B组（P<0.05）;舒芬太尼用量及苏醒期躁动率也有统计学差异,A组低于B组（P<0.05）;2组拔管到清醒的时间及达离院标准的时间为A组长于B组（P<0.05）。其他指标2组均无统计学差异。结论 右美托咪定用于儿童牙科日间全麻手术,能降低苏醒期躁动发生率,术中生命体征更平稳。     

调牙合对前导增大的大鼠TMJ滑膜中COX-2、iNOS转归变化的研究

目的:探讨调牙合干预措施对前导增大引起的大鼠颞下颌关节(Temporomandibular joint,TMJ)滑膜中诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(Inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)及环氧合酶-2(Cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)表达变化的影响。方法:在大鼠上前牙粘结舌侧增大的金属冠,建立前导增大组(C),调牙合组在建立前导斜度增大的基础上,分别于3、7、14、21 d开始持续性调牙合干预,建立I-3d、I-7d、I-14d、I-21d调牙合组,所有大鼠第28天处死,取大鼠一侧TMJ进行苏木精.伊红(Hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色、免疫组织化学 (Immunohistochemistry,IHC) 染色,另一侧TMJ滑膜组织进行实时定量聚合酶链反应(Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Real-time PCR)检测TMJ滑膜COX-2和iNOS的表达情况。结果:调牙合组COX-2、iNOS mRNA表达较对照组明显减弱(P<0.05)。I-3d调牙合组几乎不表达(P<0.005)。结论:早期调牙合能减轻大鼠前导增大引起的滑膜炎症程度,同时降低其滑膜炎症因子COX-2、iNOS的表达。     

Relationship between anterior guidance and mesiodistal inclination of lower incisor in human subject with or without TMJ noise

The relationship between anterior guidance and the mesiodistal inclination of the lower incisors relative to the existence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) noise was investigated. One hundred and thirty-four individuals, 21 to 40 years of age (mean age 23.8; 104 men and 30 women), were examined. A highly significant correlation was observed between the mean lower-incisor inclination and the difference in steepness between the right and left anterior guidances in the subject group showing TMJ noise (P<0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed in the group without TMJ noise.     

An animal model for inducing anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint

AIMS: To develop an animal model of anterior disc displacement (ADD) without the need for opening the temporomandibular joint (TMI) capsule. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were used in this study. Four rabbits were dissected to familiarize the investigators with the anatomy of the TMJ. Sixteen animals were subjected to surgical ADD in the right TMJ, 8 animals had a sham operation, and 4 animals were not operated (normal controls). Four rabbits from the experimental ADD group and 2 from the sham group were sacrificed 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively. The rabbits in normal control group were sacrificed at the beginning of the experiment. Animal behaviors as well as macro- and microchanges in the TMJs were investigated. RESULTS: Fifteen right TMJ discs in the 16 experimental rabbits were successfully displaced anteriorly, and the degree of ADD in the experimental group was similar. The mandible of each ADD rabbit deviated to the left side with inclined attrition of the incisors. Some histologic changes appeared in the experimental TMJs. CONCLUSION: This ADD technique without the need for opening the TMJ capsule is effective, and the model is suitable for studying ADD of the TMJ.     

Free Radical Damage in Facsimile Synovium: Correlation with Adhesion Formation in Osteoarthritic TMJs

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to use the rat air pouch model of facsimile synovium to evaluate oxidative stress as a primary mechanism in the pathogenesis of degenerative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-nine Sprague-Dawley adult female rats were used to generate the standard rat air pouch model of facsimile synovium. This was accomplished by daily air injections (20 cc) subdermally through the dorsal skin. Hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron (components of the Fenton reaction which generate free radicals) were introduced into the pouches of the 4-, 7-, and 14-day groups to generate oxidative stress. Control rats were injected with phosphate-buffered solution (PBS), pH 7.4. Either N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a powerful free radical scavenger, or ibuprofen were simultaneously injected with the Fenton reagents into the pouches of the 14-day treatment groups to modulate free radical-mediated protein damage to the synovium. Animals were euthanized at appropriate experimental intervals and biopsies obtained from specimens to analyze: (1) proteins' amino acid modification (carbonyl group formation), (2) protein hydrophobicity, (3) detection of low molecular weight protein degradation products, and (4) histological and gross anatomical observations. RESULTS: Free radicals introduced into the rat air pouch interacted with synovial tissues causing oxidation and breakdown of proteins. Clinical evidence of adhesion formation consistent with features found in osteoarthritis of the TMJ developed. The groups subjected to oxidative stress experienced statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases in carbonyl formation, carbonyls/protein, and low molecular weight protein fragments. These groups also showed significant (p < 0.05) hydrophobicity changes consistent with free radical attack. Control synovial tissues were statistically undamaged. The 14-day NAC and ibuprofen treatment groups experienced statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreases in total carbonyl formation, carbonyls/protein, and hydrophobicity. Histological and gross observations in free radical damaged synovium exhibited features consistent with known arthoscopic and arthrocentesis findings in diseased TMJs. Conclusions: This study suggests that the rat air pouch model of facsimile synovium develops clinical evidence of adhesions and biochemical signs of protein modification when subjected to free radical attack. NAC and ibuprofen prevented carbonyl formation as well as hydrophobicity changes indicative of oxidative stress damage in facsimile synovium. These findings are consistent with features of degenerative human TMJ disease. Future direction may be taken from this study to postulate new analysis techniques and treatment modalities for patients with degenerative TMJ disease.     

A Study of Anterior Guidance

Purpose This study focuses on the curvature and inclination of the lingual surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth from the transition point on the cingulum to the incisal edge. Materials and Methods On 32 sets of mounted casts, 768 measurements were made of the curvature of the lingual surfaces utilizing radius gauges. The inclination of the lingual surface relative to the occlusal plane was recorded. The relationship of the incisal edge of the mandibular teeth to the transition point on the cingulum of the maxillary teeth was determined. Centric occlusion contact was noted on each tooth. Results Significant differences were found between the measured areas of any one tooth and between the types of teeth. The average radius ranged from 20.5 mm on the mesial ridge of the canine to 5.3 mm in the fossa of the central. The average inclination of the lingual surfaces was 46%. In centric occlusion, 97% of the canines and 59% of the centrals and laterals were in contact with the opposing teeth. These contacts occurred 2.8 mm incisal to the transition point. The centrals contacted two opposing teeth (45%), and canines contacted one opposing tooth (53%). Conclusions The function and curvature of the incisor teeth vary considerably from those of the canines. Overcontouring the lingual surfaces of the maxillary incisors to gain contact is not normal and may be detrimental.     

可复性关节盘前移位患者的关节音特征

目的比较青年人可复性关节盘前移位者和无颞下颌关节症状者的颞下颌关节音,探讨其关节音频谱图的特征和临床诊断价值。方法运用BioJVA颞下颌关节振动分析仪记录21例可复性关节盘前移位患者与26例正常青年人节律性大开闭口运动中双侧颞下颌关节音;以临床诊断为标准,计算关节振动总能量,诊断可复性关节盘移位的灵敏度和特异性。结果病例组两侧颞下颌关节的振动总能量、频率小于300 Hz的振动能量、频率大于300 Hz的振动能量、频率大于300 Hz的振动能量与频率小于300 Hz的振动能量之比、峰振幅、峰频率、中间频率均明显大于对照组（P＜0.05）;病变关节随着关节盘移位程度的增加,各项关节振动参数也随之增加,振动总能量明显增加（P＜0.05）;关节振动总能量对关节盘前移位的诊断灵敏度和特异性分别为0.86和0.85。结论可复性关节盘前移位患者关节音振动的各参数明显高于正常人,不同病变阶段的关节音也不同。     

可复性关节盘前移位患者的关节音特征

目的 比较青年人可复性关节盘前移位者和无颞下颌关节症状者的颞下颌关节音,探讨其关节音频谱图的特征和临床诊断价值.方法 运用BioJVA颞下颌关节振动分析仪记录21例可复性关节盘前移位患者与26例正常青年人节律性大开闭口运动中双侧颞下颌关节音;以临床诊断为标准,计算关节振动总能量,诊断可复性关节盘移位的灵敏度和特异性....     

无托槽隐形矫治拔牙病例的后牙不同轴倾度对牙齿三维力学影响

目的 研究无托槽隐形矫治技术拔除双侧上颌第一前磨牙病例整体内收前牙，后牙不同轴倾度时，各个牙齿的瞬时受力情况。方法 设置4组后牙不同轴倾度的上颌牙列，T1组后牙为正常牙合轴倾度，T2组后牙在T1组基础上后倾5°,T3组后牙在T1组基础上前倾5°,T4组后牙在T1组基础上前倾10°。拔除双侧第一前磨牙，整体内收前牙0.25 mm,在矫治器六轴力传感器测试平台上测量4组牙列中各个牙齿在三维方向的瞬时力。每组牙列设计12副隐形矫治器。结果 与T1组相比，T2组切牙伸长力减小，尖牙远中向力增加，后牙近中向力减小，磨牙颊向和伸长力增大，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与T1组相比，T3和T4组切牙舌向力和伸长力增大，尖牙远中向力增大，后牙近中向力也增大，磨牙颊向和伸长力增大，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 后牙后倾时利于前牙转矩的表达，有助于保护后牙支抗，但增加了磨牙的颊向力和伸长力。后牙前倾时，前牙更容易出现转矩丢失，覆牙合加深的现象。后牙越前倾，覆牙合越容易加深，后牙支抗容易丢失。     

成年高角女性下前牙区牙槽骨形态分析

目的探讨成年高角女性下前牙区牙槽骨形态特征及其增龄性改变,为临床正畸治疗提供参考。方法选取142例未经正畸治疗的成年女性的头颅侧位片和CBCT资料,根据面部生长型分为80例高角组(∠MP?FH>30°,FHI<62%)和62例均角组(20°≤∠MP?FH≤30°,62%≤FHI≤65%)。扩充高角组样本量至164例并根据年龄分为青年组(87例)和中年组(77例),以进一步研究高角女性组内差异。应用Dolphin Imaging 11.9软件对各组下切牙区牙槽骨附着水平、根尖区牙槽骨厚度及下切牙唇倾度进行测量,使用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果与均角组相比,高角组下切牙根尖区唇舌侧及总牙槽骨厚度更小(P<0.05),牙槽骨附着水平更低(P<0.05);高角组及均角组下切牙唇倾度与舌侧牙槽骨厚度均呈负相关(高角组:r=-0.251,P=0.025;均角组:r=-0.428,P=0.001)。与高角中年组相比,高角青年组下切牙区唇舌侧牙槽骨附着水平更高(P<0.05);但两组根尖区牙槽骨厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论成年高角女性下切牙根尖区牙槽骨厚度薄、附着水平低,增龄性变化和下切牙唇倾度差异都与下切牙区牙槽骨形态存在相关性,正畸医师设计牙移动方案时应重视。     

Preoperative incisor inclination in patients with Class III dentofacial deformities treated with orthognathic surgery

Our aim was to evaluate cephalometrically the preoperative inclination of the incisors in a group of 50 patients with Class III dentofacial deformities whose immediate preoperative lateral cephalometric radiographs were analysed after they had been treated by maxillary advancement. The radiographs were hand-traced by the same operator who made the cephalometric analysis. Mean values for each measurement were compared with the normal values using Student's t-test (p<0.05). Results showed significantly increased inclination of the upper incisors, with a mean U1-NA angle of 27.58° and a mean U1-PP angle of 116°. The lower incisors were also inclined lingually, with a mean L1-NB angle of 22.53° and a mean IMPA of 83.13°. Thirty-five of the patients had labial inclination of the upper, and 28 lingual inclination of the lower, incisors. Mean inclinations of upper and lower incisors differed from the normal values, and the inclination of the lower incisors was more likely to be decompensated than that of the upper incisors.