非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

目的 探讨非血缘关系造血干细胞移植(URD-HSCT)的临床疗效,移植相关并发症及影响预后的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析61例接受URD-HSCT患者的临床资料.所有患者根据原发病分别给予非清髓性及清髓性预处理;供、受者HLA配型6/6抗原位点全相合21例,5/6相合5例,1个基因亚型不合24例,2个基因亚型不合11例;供、受者间ABO血型相合18例,不合43例;受者接受供者的有核细胞中位数为4.5×108/kg,CD34+细胞中位数为4.3×106/kg.术后移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的预防采用以短程甲氨蝶呤+环孢素A+霉酚酸酯为基础的方案,49例加用抗CD25单克隆抗体,9例加用抗淋巴细胞或抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白;并常规采用促进造血功能恢复、抗感染等治疗.术后观察受者的造血功能重建、并发症以及预后情况.结果 61例患者中,59例术后经血型、染色体及DNA多态性检测证实供者细胞植活.术后23例受者发生Ⅱ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD,25例发生慢性GVHD;术后100 d内,48例受者发生细菌和(或)真菌感染,36例发生巨细胞病毒感染,以下呼吸道感染较多.术后有18例受者死亡,受者总的2年无病存活率为(68.0±6.4)%,其中12例因移植相关并发症死亡,移植相关死亡率19.7%;6例原发病复发的受者均死亡,复发率9.8%.其余受者经治疗后好转.结论 URD-HSCT是治疗造血系统恶性疾病的有效方法.急性GVHD和感染是严重影响移植疗效和预后的危险因素,需早期预防.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非血缘关系造血干细胞移植61例分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effectiveness, associated complications and related factors of unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT). Methods Sixty-one patients with malignant hematological diseases received URD-HSCT. All cases were subjected to myeloablative or nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen according to primary diseases. Among 61 patients, 21 were donor-recipient 6/6 HLA-matched, 5 were 5/6 HLA antigen-matched, 24 were 1 HLA gene subtype-mismatched, 11 were 2 HLA gene subtype-mismatched. Eighteen patients were ABO-compatible with donors, while 43 ABO-incompatible with donors. The median of infused donor nucleated cells was 4.5×108/kg, and the median of CD34+ cells were 4.3×106/kg. The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimens were based on short-term MTX, cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen. Forty-nine cases also received CD25 Mab on the day of transplantation, and the day 4 after transplantation. Nine cases were also administrated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) or antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Two cases received ALG and CD25 Mab. Results Among 61 patients, 59 cases were successfully engrafted, which was identified by blood type, chromosome test and DNA polymorphism. Twenty-three cases developed grade Ⅱ～Ⅳ acute GVHD. Twenty-five patients experienced chronic GVHD. Infection of bacterial and/or fungal within 100 days after URD-HSCT was documented in 48 cases. Thirty-six cases had cytomegalovirus infection. Major infection site was lower respiratory tract. Eighteen cases died after URD-HSCT, and the 2-year disease-free survival rate was (68.0±6.4)%. Among these 18 deaths, 12 cases died because of transplantation related complications with the transplantation related mortality (TRM) being 19.7 %, and the remaining 6 cases died of relapse with the relapse rate being 9. 8 %, respectively. Conclusions URD-HSCT is an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant hematopoietic diseases when related donor is not available Acute GVHD and infection are risk factors of therapeutic effect and prognosis after URD-HSCT. Early prediction and prevention of acute GVHD and infection are essential problems to overcome.     

非清髓性造血干细胞移植后并发移植物抗宿主病的相关因素分析

目的 探讨和分析非清髓性造血干细胞移植(NST)后并发移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的相关因素.方法 选择34例血液病患者,其中重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)15例,重型β-地中海贫血(TM)1例,肿瘤性血液病18例;进行无关供者脐带血造血干细胞移植(UCBT)11例,同胞供者骨髓联合外周血干细胞移植7例,外周血造血干细胞移植(PBSCT)16例.移植前采用以抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)、抗淋巴细胞球蛋白(ALG)或者氟达拉滨强效免疫抑制为基础的非清髓性预处理方案.GVHD的预防采用短程的甲氨蝶呤(MTX)联合环孢素A(CsA).观察非清髓性造血干细胞移植后的临床特点以及急、慢性移植物抗宿主病的发生情况;分析发生慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)的相关因素.结果 NST的植入率为91.2%.移植后7例肿瘤性血液病患者形成了供、受者造血细胞混合嵌合体(MC),给予供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)2～9次后,例由MC转变为供者造血细胞完全嵌合体(FDC).随访12(3～96)个月,共发生Ⅰ～Ⅱ度急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)5例,GVHD 15例.经统计学分析,发现年龄大的肿瘤性血液病患者经以ATG为基础的NST后,再给予DLI,其cGVHD的发生率高,且合并感染,对治疗的反应差;而以氟达拉滨为基础的NST患者发生cGVHD后治疗反应较好.移植100 d前后患者分别死亡3例和5例,其中3例死于广泛性cGVHD.结论 患者的年龄大、有合并症、以ATG为基础的预处理方案、肿瘤性血液病是NST后患者并发cGVHD的危险因素.     

异基因造血干细胞移植后动态监测调节性T淋巴细胞的临床意义

目的探讨监测调节性T淋巴细胞（Treg）的动态变化在异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）中的临床意义。方法选择45例allo-HSCT患者，其中31例采用短程甲氨蝶呤（MTX）联合环孢素A（CsA）预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD），另14例加用霉酚酸酯（MMF）和达利珠单抗（抗CD25单克隆抗体）强化GVHD的预防。采用流式细胞术动态监测allo-HScT患者移植预处理前、移植后2、4、8、12周时及发生急性移植物抗宿主病（aGVHD）时外周血Treg的水平；分析Treg水平的变化与aGVHD发生的相互关系。结果45例患者中，发生Ⅱ～Ⅳ度aGVHD10例。移植后8和12周时，未使用达利珠单抗组中发生Ⅱ～Ⅳ度aGVHD较发生0～I度aGVHD的患者外周血Treg水平显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；患者发生Ⅱ～Ⅳ度aGVHD后，外周血Treg水平较发生前显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。使用达利珠单抗组的患者外周血Treg水平在各时间点均明显降低，各时点间比较，差异均无统计学意义。结论Treg的动态变化与aGVHD的关系密切，可作为临床监测aGVHD发生的重要指标之一；达利珠单抗的应用显著降低了外周血Treg的水平，其对aGVHD的预防作用有待今后深入研究。     

异基因造血干细胞移植后慢性移植物抗宿主病的临床分析

目的：探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后慢性移植物抗宿主病（cGVHD）的临床特点、相关危险因素及治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析69例allo-HSCT患者的临床资料。根据供、受者的关系以及配型情况，将患者分为三组：A组为亲缘全相合异基因骨髓移植，22例；B组为亲缘全相合异基因外周血干细胞移植，37例；C组为非血缘移植和不全相合移植，10例。术前均采用化疗预处理，术后采用短程甲氨蝶呤联合环孢素A（CsA）预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）。局限性cGVHD患者多采用单一免疫抑制剂（CsA或糖皮质激素）治疗，病情进展者采用标准方案（CsA联合糖皮质激素）治疗；广泛性cGVHD患者则需用标准方案治疗（一线治疗方案）。一线治疗无效、病情进展者，对一线治疗依赖不能停药，或停药后病情反复者，需用他克莫司、霉酚酸酯及硫唑嘌呤治疗（二线治疗方案）。结果：移植后随访6～120个月，中位时间为43个月，39例诊断为cGVHD，其中局限性cGVHD13例（33．3％，13／39），广泛性cGVHD26例（66．7％，26／39），7例死于cGVHD或与之相关的并发症。B组cGVHD发生率较A组显著升高（P〈0．05），B组和C组的广泛性cGVHD发生率显著高于A组（P〈O．05）。外周血干细胞移植和病程中发生2～4度急性GVHD是cGVHD发生的主要危险因素。局限性cGVHD患者采用一线方案治疗的有效率显著高于广泛性cGVHD患者（P〈0．05），标准危险度cGVHD者的治疗有效率显著优于高危险度cGVHD者（P〈0．05）。结论：eGVHD是allo-HSCT后常见并发症和致死原因；广泛性cGVHD多发生于异基因外周血干细胞移植、HLA配型不全相合移植和非血缘移植，且临床治疗效果不佳。     

脐血造血干细胞移植的现状与展望

自 198 9年Gluckman等成功地进行世界上第 1例脐血造血干细胞移植 (CB HSCT)以来 ,包括中国在内的世界各地相继开展了此项工作。伴随各地脐血库网络的建立及分离、保存、配型技术的不断完善 ,GB HSCT的例数迅速增长。据 2 0 0 2年资料的不全统计 ,全球共开展CB HSCT 15 0 0余例 ,其应用范围几乎函盖骨髓造血干细胞移植 (BM HSCT)的全部病种 ,已成为可替代BM HSCT的重要治疗手段。现有研究表明 :(1)脐血造血干细胞进入细胞周期的次数少、端粒长、端粒酶活性高 ,具有更强的增殖分化能力 ,其稳定植入的时间更长 ;(2 )CB HSCT能…     

造血干细胞移植的进展和展望

免疫抑制剂在造血干细胞移植 (ＨＳＣＴ)中用于移植物抗宿主病 (ＧＶＨＤ)的预防及治疗 ,近年来不断有新药推出。霉酚酸酯 (ＭＭＦ)作为一种新的免疫抑制剂 ,与环孢素Ａ (ＣｓＡ)和氨甲喋呤 (ＭＴＸ)联合用于ＧＶＨＤ的预防 ,国外已有报道 ,国内广州省人民医院、浙江大学医学院附属第一医院、北京大学血液病研究所几乎同时开始应用 ,并取得了较好的效果。他克莫司 (ＦＫ5 0 6 )体外研究显示其免疫抑制作用较ＣｓＡ强。临床显示ＦＫ5 0 6 ＭＴＸ对急性ＧＶＨＤ预防有效。但其效果尚需更多病例证实。为减少ＧＶＨＤ的发生 ,除了免疫抑制剂 ,…     

HLA半相合造血干细胞移植进展

HLA半相合造血干细胞移植因为植入率低，移植物抗宿主病重，免疫重建慢，感染发生率高等并发症，主要用于无相合供者的高危白血病患者。但最近随着基础和临床研究的进展，在移植物处理、免疫耐受诱导、移植后过继免疫治疗等方面取得长足的进步，其总的生存率已经与无关供者的相合造血干细胞移植相似。本文就最近的一些进展做一综述。     

非清髓性造血干细胞移植后移植物抗宿主病的临床观察

目的 观察非清髓性造血干细胞移植（NST）后移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的发生情况。方法 将18例患者分为3组：A组为6例重型再生障碍性贫血（SAA）成人患者，行无关供者脐血造血干细胞移植；B组为5例SAA患者，行同胞供者骨髓联合外周血造血干细胞移植；C组为7例肿瘤性血液病患者，其中3例行同胞供者骨髓移植，4例行外周血造血干细胞移植。均采用以抗胸腺细胞球蛋白或抗淋巴细胞球蛋白为基础的预处理方案。A组和B组应用环孢素A（CsA）和甲泼尼龙预防GVHD，C组应用CsA和甲氨蝶呤预防GVHD。C组形成混合性嵌合体后行供者淋巴细胞输注（DLI）。结果 A组有4例形成并维持混合性嵌合体状态，1例死于真菌性败血症，1例自动出院。移植后早期，B组有3例供者型嵌合体占94％以上，并在短期内转变并维持完全供者嵌合体状态，获得无病存活，其中1例在移植后8个月发生慢性GVHD；另2例行供者千细胞输注后，1例6个月后死于继发性纵隔淋巴瘤，1例造血功能恢复。C组患者早期均形成混合性嵌合体，获得血液学部分缓解，患者DLI前无急性GVHD发生，1例于2次DLI后死于严重感染，1例失访；另5例分别经过4、3、7、5、4次DLI，全部转为完全供者型嵌合体，并获得血液学完全缓解，4例并发慢性GVHD，2例并发急性GVHD。结论 对于SAA患者，NST的临床效果较好，GVHD的发生率较低；而对于肿瘤性血液病，NST后患者的早期死亡率低，急性GVHD发生率下降，但慢性GVHD和感染的发生率较高。     

异基因造血干细胞移植研究进展

异基因造血干细胞移植已成为治愈血液系统恶性肿瘤、骨髓衰竭性疾病、某些先天性及代谢性疾病等的重要方法。本文就外周血干细胞移植（PBSCT）、脐血造血干细胞移植（CBSCT）、非清髓性干细胞移植（NST）、移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）与移植物抗白血病（GVL）效应以及间充质干细胞（MSC）在异基因造血干细胞移植中的应用等方面的新进展进行介绍。     

异基因造血干细胞移植后早期特发性肺炎综合征的危险因素及发病机制

目的 研究异基凶造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)术后早期特发性肺炎综合征(IPS)的独立危险因素及发病机制.方法 同顾件分析192例allo-HSCT受者的临床资料,观察术后急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)和IPS的发牛情况及其临床表现,对患者年龄、性别、原发病、移植时疾病状态(高危组70例,疾病处于难治、未缓解状态;标危组122例,疾病处于缓解状态)、供者类型、HLA相合程度、移植类型、预处理方案、急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)、aGVHD程度、aGVHD累及器官等11项临床因素进行单因素分析,将有统计学意义的因素进行Logistic多因素同归分析,筛选出发生IPS的独立危险因素,并结合文献,探讨其发病机制.结果 192例allo-HSCT受者中,有23例发生IPS,发生时间为术后76 d(32～120 d),其中20例经治疗无效死亡,发病至死亡的时间为9 d(3～92 d),其余3例治愈.23例IPS患者中,有19例发生过aGVHD,其中肠道aGVHD16例.单因素分析显示,高危组、非亲缘供者、HLA不合、发生aGVHD、Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD及肠道aGVHD等6个因素具有统计学意义;多凶素分析显示,非亲缘供者、Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD和肠道aGVHD等3个因素是发生IPS的独立危险因素.结论 非亲缘供者、Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD及肠道aGVHD是发生IPS的独立危险因素;IPS可能是由aGVHD引起的肺部病变.