Assessing the association of appropriateness of coronary revascularization and 1-year clinical outcomes for patients with stable coronary artery disease in China

Background: The Chinese appropriate use criteria (AUC) for coronary revascularization was released in 2016 to improve the use of coronary revascularization. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the appropriateness of coronary revascularization based on the Chinese AUC and 1-year outcomes in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.Methods: We conducted a prospective, multi-center cohort study of stable CAD patients with coronary lesion stenosis ≥50%. After the classification...     

Homocysteinemia and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene’s relation to increased risk of coronary artery disease

Objective To review the association of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutant with coronary artery disease, as well as to highlight the results of some of these studies and to emphasize the need to focus on the genetic architecture of CAD. Data SourcesData used in this article is mainly from relevant articles obtained through Pubmed, OVID and Google Scholar published from 1980 to 2008. Major studies and trials in this period were taken into account to draw accurate conclusion on the relation of those mutations in MTHFR with homocysteinemia and CAD. ResultOur analysis shows that hyperhomocysteinemia, a risk factor for occlusive arterial diseases, can be caused by disruptions of homocysteine metabolism catalyzed by MFTHR. A common alanine to valine mutation in MTHFR may contribute to mild heperhomocysteinemia in CAD. Individuals with the homozygous mutant genotype had higher plasma homocysteine, particularly when plasma folate was below the median value. ConclusionThis MTHFR mutant in the setting of insufficient folate may be a risk factor of CAD and can be regarded as a model of genetic-environmental interaction in the development of CAD.     

Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Very Early-onset(≤40 years) Coronary Artery Disease

ObjectiveVery early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD) is a great challengein cardiovascular medicine throughout the world, especially regarding its early diagnosis. This study explored whether circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) could be used as potential biomarkers for patients with very early-onset CAD. MethodsWe performed an initial screening of miRNA expression using RNA isolated from 20 patients with angiographically documented very early-onset CAD and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls. For further confirmation, we prospectively examined the miRNAs selected from 40 patientswithvery early-onset CAD and 40 angiography-normal controls. ResultsA total of 22 overexpressed miRNAs and 22 underexpressed miRNAs were detected in the initial screening. RT-qPCR analysisof the miRNAs obtained from the initial screening revealed that four miRNAs including miR-196-5p, miR-3163-3p, miR-145-3p, and miR-190a-5p exhibited significantly decreased expression in patients compared with that in controls (P<0.05).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for these miRNAs were 0.824 (95% CI, 0.731-0.917;P<0.001), 0.758 (95%CI, 0.651-0.864;P<0.001), 0.753 (95% CI, 0.643-0.863;P<0.001), and 0.782 (95% CI, 0.680-0.884;P<0.001), respectively, in the validation set. ConclusionTo our knowledge, this isan advanced study to report about four serum miRNAs (miR-196-5p, miR-3163-3p, miR-145-3p, and miR-190a-5p) that could be used as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of very early-onset CAD.     

Transradial versus transfemoral percutaneous coronary interventionin elderly patients： a systematic overview and meta-analysis

Background Transradial approach （TRA） percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） has been wildly applied amongunselected patients. However, only very few small studies have compared the outcomes between TRA and transfemoralapproach （TFA） in elderly patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety between TRA and TFA in elderly patientsby a pooled analysis.     

Stent supported coronary angioplasty in patients with severe ventricular dysf unction

Objective To assess the immediate-and long-term outcomes of stent supported coronary an gioplasty in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction.Methods Seventy-four consecutive patients with angiographic left ventricular ejection fr actions ≤40% underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty, including 61 (81%) wi th stent back-up.Clinical follow-up (29.1±22.9 months) data were obtained in all clinically successful patients.Results Angiographic success was achieved in 120 (89.5%) of 134 lesions.Clinical succ ess was obtained in 66 (89.2%) patients with 1.4% procedure related mortalit y, 2.7% myocardial infarction and zero need of emergent bypass surgery.NYHA class reduction ≥1 was seen in 29 (73%) of 40 successfully treated congestive heart failure patients at 6 months after the procedure.During long-term foll ow-up, 58 (87.9%) of 66 patients with clinical success were alive, including 4 4 (68.6%) free from cardiac events.Conclusions Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction treated with stent supported P TCA experience a high rate of success, low procedure related mortality and satis factory long-term survival.     

Arg485Lys polymorphism of factor Ⅴ increases the risk of coronary artery disease in a Chinese population

Objective To explore the relationship between genetic variation in coagulation factor Ⅴ a nd the occurrence of coronary arterial disease (CAD). Methods Unrelated 86 patients with CAD and 102 healthy controls were analyzed by polymer ase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) to detec t variations in the entire twenty-five exons of the factor Ⅴ gene.Results Polymorphisms in exon 4 ［642 G→T (Ser156)］, exon 10 ［1628 G→A (Arg485Lys)］ , exon 13 ［4070 A→G (His1299Arg)］ and exon 16 ［5380 G→A (Val1736Met)］ were documented.The study also identified a novel polymorphism in exon 2 (327 A→G ) which did not result in amino acid residue substitution.The Leiden mutation (Arg506Gln) was not detected in any of our 188 subjects.Among the 5 polymorphi sms, the allele frequency of 1628 G→A was significantly different between CAD p atients and controls (0.69 vs 0.81, x(2) =6.908, P&lt;0.01).This is the f irst report of this finding in a Chinese population.Conclusion 1628 G→A polymorphism is associated with CAD and it may be a risk factor for CA D morbidity in the Chinese population.     

The relationship between plasma apolipoprotein A-Ⅳ levels and coronary heart disease

Objective To evaluate the relationship between plasma apoA-Ⅳ levels and coronary atheros clerosis and to explore its relation to other risk factors.Methods Using ELISA techniques, plasma apoA-Ⅳ levels were quantified in 181 patients w ho underwent coronary angiography (CAG).Patients were divided according to the ir coronary status into a coronary heart disease (CHD) group (stenotic lesion on CAG, n=118) and a control group (normal CAG, n=63).The severity of athero sclerosis was assessed by stenosis scoring of the different lesions.Other para meters, including apoA-Ⅰ,apoB, Lp(a), HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, and T C, were measured as well.Univariate, logistic regression analyses were used to define the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and plasma apoA-Ⅳ levels.Results When compared with the control group, plasma apoA-Ⅳ levels were found to be lo wer in the CHD group.There was a weak negative correlation between plasma apoA -Ⅳ levels and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.ApoA-Ⅳ was found to be a relatively independent risk factor for CHD.We also found a positive corr elation between apoA-Ⅳ and triglyceride levels.Conclusions ApoA-Ⅳ may be important in the prediction of CHD and coronary atherosclerosis severity.It may also play an important role in the metabolism of triglycerides .     

Implications of left atrial volume index in patients with three-vessel coronary disease: A 6.6-year follow-up cohort study

Background: Risk assessment and treatment stratification for three-vessel coronary disease (TVD) remain challenging. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of left atrial volume index (LAVI) with the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score II, and its association with the long-term prognosis after three strategies (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI], coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG], and medical therapy [MT]) in p...     

Prevalence,risk factors,and survival associated with pulmonary hypertension and heart failure among patients with underlying coronary artery disease: a national prospective,multicenter registry study in China

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of heart failure (HF), whereas pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been established or reported in this patient population. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence, risk factors, and survival in CAD-associated HF (CAD-HF) complicated with PH.Methods: Symptomatic CAD-HF patients were continuously enrolled in this prospective, multicenter registry study. Echocardiography, coronary arteriography, left and right heart catheterization (RH...     

Minimal improvement in coronary artery disease risk prediction in Chinese population using polygenic risk scores: evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank

Background: Several studies have reported that polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can enhance risk prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) in European populations. However, research on this topic is far from sufficient in non-European countries, including China. We aimed to evaluate the potential of PRS for predicting CAD for primary prevention in the Chinese population.Methods: Participants with genome-wide genotypic data from the China Kadoorie Biobank were divided into training (n = 28,490) and...     

冠脉病变中血管内超声与冠脉造影的比较

目的:比较和评价血管内超声及冠脉造影对冠脉病变的诊断价值.方法:88例诊断为冠心病或可疑冠心病患者(98处病变)进行冠脉造影及血管内超声检查,对病变的最小血管径、直径狭窄率、病变长度及病变形状进行比较.根据超声检查结果,冠脉病变分为钙化斑块、硬斑块及软斑块.钙化斑块为斑块的回声比血管管壁外膜回声强并伴有声影,其范围大于90°;硬斑块为斑块的回声与血管管壁外膜回声大致相同,但后方无声影;软斑块为斑块的回声比血管管壁外膜回声弱.结果:冠脉造影示病变血管狭窄程度(直径狭窄率)及病变长度分别为(32.2±8.7)%,(13.2±6.6)mm,明显低于血管内超声结果(41.4±9.6)%,(22.8±8.5)mm,对于钙化、偏心等病变,血管内超声比较敏感.结论:冠脉造影低估了冠脉病变的严重程度,血管内超声可以明确狭窄冠脉的性状,对冠心病特别是可疑冠心病患者的诊断及介入治疗有重要价值.     

冠状动脉搭桥术治疗冠心病临床分析

目的 :探讨冠状动脉搭桥术 (CABG)治疗冠心病的早期效果和经验。方法 :2 6例冠心病患者接受CABG ,术前心绞痛 (CCS)Ⅰ级 2例 ,Ⅱ级 7例 ,Ⅲ级 13例 ,Ⅳ级 4例。 2 4例浅低温体外循环下行CABG ,2例非体外循环下施术。除 1例左乳内动脉 (LIMA)纤细血流不足改用大隐静脉外 ,2 5例采用LIMA与前降支搭桥 ,人均搭桥 3.2支。结果 :2 5例术后随访 6～ 30个月 ,2 4例心绞痛症状完全消失 ,1例心绞痛Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。低心排术后死亡 1例。结论 :CABG治疗冠心病疗效确切 ,完全再血管化和围手术期处理是CABG成功的关键     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗重症冠心病25例临床分析

目的总结本科1999年6月~2006年12月行重症冠心病患者施行CABG 25例临床经验。方法25例患者中合并陈旧性心肌梗死6例,急性心肌梗死5例,合并二尖瓣和/或主动脉瓣病变5例,心肌梗死后巨大室壁瘤2例,左室功能重度减退(EF<30%)6例。20例在中低温体外循环(CPB)下进行CABG手术,同时行瓣膜置换术5例。5例在非CPB下进行搭桥。结果本组术后早期死亡3例,其中围手术期心肌梗死2例,胸骨哆开后呼吸功能衰竭1例。另并发肺部感染4例,经积极抗感染,加强营养支持后好转。术后静脉桥分支出血心包填塞1例,二次手术止血后好转。结论要提高重症患者的CABG手术的成功率,必须重视术前合并症的处理,术中加强心肌的保护,无合并其他心内手术者,尽可能行OPCABG,要选择适宜的血管移植材料,重视吻合技巧的训练。     

冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变的临床观察

目的：探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）合并糖尿病患者的冠状动脉病变特点。方法：回顾分析本院１９９５￣１９９７年冠状动脉造影阳性患者１５３例,分为糖尿病组（３３例）、糖耐量减低组（ＩＧＴ,２３例）和非糖尿病组（９７例）,观察其年龄、冠心病危险因素（包括高血压、高胆固醇血症和吸烟）、心肌梗死发生率和冠状动脉受累情况。结果：３组在年龄、性别、危险因素、 梗死发生率等方面均无显著性差异。糖尿病组冠状     

老年冠心病患者冠状动脉与肠系膜上动脉相关性研究

目的 提高对老年冠心病患者并发肠缺血的认识,完善冠心病防治规则.方法 选择经临床和影像检查确诊的36例老年(65～74岁)冠心病患者与31例中青年(35～50岁)冠心病患者的肠系膜上动脉造影影像进行对比分析,分析年龄与肠系膜上动脉之间以及冠状动脉病变程度与肠系膜上动脉病变之间的关系.结果 观察组36例中19例(52.8%)肠系膜上动脉病变,对照组31例中3例(9.7%)肠系膜上动脉病变(P＜0.05).观察组冠状动脉多支血管病变者24例(66.7%),对照组多支血管病变者7例(22.6%)(P＜0.05).冠状动脉多支血管病变者31例(46.2%),合并肠系膜上动脉病变19例(19/22,86.3%);单支血管病变36例(53.7%),合并肠系膜上动脉病变3例(3/22,13.6%)(P＜0.05).结论 冠心病患者的年龄与肠系膜上动脉病变之间有紧密相关性,年龄越大,冠状动脉损害越严重,肠系膜上动脉损害多在冠状动脉损害较严重时发生,应重视老年冠心病患者并发肠缺血的存在.     

冠心病患者中血管内皮细胞钙黏蛋白的检测及临床意义

目的 探讨血清血管内皮细胞钙黏蛋白（VE-cadherin）与冠心病病情及与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法 经冠状动脉造影（CAG）确诊的冠心病患者61例，其中急性心肌梗死（AMI）20例，不稳定型心绞痛病人（UAP）22例；稳定型心绞痛病人（SAP）19例；另设经CAC排除冠心痛患者19例作为正常对照组。运用酶联免疫吸附法测定各组血清VE-cadherin浓度，对冠心病患者的冠状动脉损害程度行Gensini评分，并与VE-cadherin水平进行直线相关分析。结果 AMI组、UAP组与SAP组中血清VE-cadherin水平均比正常对照组高。差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；AMI组、UAP组与SAP组之间血清VE-cadherin差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；血清可溶性VE-cadherin水平与冠状动脉Gensini评分呈正相关（r=0．43，P〈0．05）。结论 冠心病患者中血清VE-cadhefin浓度与动脉粥样硬化狭窄程度相关，而与冠状动脉斑块的稳定性无明显相关性。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病

[背景 ]浅谈应用冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病的早期效果和经验 .[病例报告 ]3例患者均为男性 ,平均年龄为 5 6岁 ;其中 2例为 3支冠状动脉病变 ,1例为 4支冠状动脉病变 .左室射血分数分别为 3 6% ,65 % ,75 % ;心绞痛病史为 1个月～ 2年 .均在正中开胸 ,低温体外循环下行冠状动脉旁路移植术 ,移植血管全部用自身大隐静脉 .2例搭 3支桥 ,1例搭 4支桥 .3例冠状动脉旁路移植术均取得了良好的临床效果 .术后 3例心绞痛症状均完全消失 ,术后无严重的并发症 ,无手术死亡病例 .[讨论 ]冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗冠状动脉硬化性心脏病的一种安全有效的方法 ,近期临床效果满意 .     

Carotid artery stenting in patients with coexistent carotid and coronary artery disease

Atherosclerotic disease, as a systemic process, affects all arteries to varying degrees. In particular,coexistent carotlid aria coronary artery diseases are common; Management of such patients has been a point of continuing controversy. Current American Heart Association （AHA） guidelines recommend carotid endarterectomy （CEA） in symptomatic patients with carotid artery stenosis of 50%-99% and in asymptomatic patients with stenosis of 60%-99%. Carotid artery stenting （CAS） has become a reasonable alternative to CEA, particularly in patients at high risk for CEA. We sought to assess feasibility, safety and midterm outcome of carotid artery stenting in patients with coexisting symptomatic coronary disease and carotid artery stenosis.     

彩色多普勒超声心动图与冠状动脉造影在冠心病诊断中的对比研究

目的 :通过对 5 2例经过病史、临床表现、实验室检查初步诊断为动脉粥样硬化性心脏病 (congestiveheartdisease ,CHD)患者冠状动脉造影 (coronaryamgiogrophy ,CAG)和彩色多普勒超声心动图 (colordopplerflowimagining ,CDFI)检查结果 ,评价CDFI对冠心病的诊断价值。 方法 :5 2例通过病史、临床表现、实验室检查初步诊断为动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者同期行CAG和CDFI检查 ,以CAG为标准 ,对比分析CDFI的诊断价值。结果 :CAG与CDFI对同一组病人的阳性检出率分别为 76.9%和 86.5 % ,χ2 =1.60 1,P =0 .2 0 5 ,两种方法检出率差异无统计学意义 ;两种方法对同一病人进行差别性检验 ,χ2 =1.2 3 ,P >0 .0 5 ,两种方法检出结果无显著性差异 ;两种方法对具体血管判断的构成比 χ2 ( pearson) =0 .63 9,P >0 .0 5 ,构成比差别无统计学意义 ,随着病变血管的支数增加 ,两种方法的结果越一致。结论 :经统计学分析 ,证明CDFI对诊断冠心病的效果与CAG基本一致 ,作为冠心病诊断的基本方法 ,其价值不容忽视。     

冠心病患者血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系

目的:探讨血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系。方法:观察268例行冠状动脉造影术的患者,按冠状动脉造影结果将患者分为冠脉正常组78例;冠心病组190例。冠心病组根据冠状动脉受累的主要支数分为单支病变组68例、双支病变组56例、多支病变组66例。同时测定血清胆红素及各项生化指标。冠状动脉狭窄程度用冠状动脉病变支数和冠状动脉狭窄计分表示。结果:冠心病组血清胆红素水平明显低于对照组(p<0.01),并且随着病变严重程度的加重,血清胆红素水平逐渐降低(p<0.01)。血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉狭窄计分呈显著负相关。结论:血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈显著负相关,是冠心病的独立危险因素。