OX40/OX40L mRNA在实验性变态反应性 神经炎中的动态变化

目的：研究Oxford 40(OX40)和Oxford 40 ligand(OX40L)mRNA在实验性变态反应性神经炎(experimental allegic neuritis, EAN)大鼠坐骨神经、脾脏、外周血和淋巴结中的动态变化。 方法：36只Lewis大鼠随机分为EAN模型组和完全弗氏佐剂对照组（CFA组）。分别在第9天、第17天、第26天处死动物,采用反转录聚合酶链反应技术检测坐骨神经根、脾脏、外周血单个核细胞和淋巴结中OX40和OX40L mRNA的表达水平。结果：EAN组大鼠在抗原免疫后第17天达到发病高峰,OX40和OX40L mRNA在第9天（发病早期）和第17天时表达均较高,与第26天（恢复期）相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,各时间点与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;CFA组大鼠无症状;EAN组中OX40和OX40L mRNA在坐骨神经和淋巴结中各时间点表达均升高,在外周血单个核细胞中微量表达。结论：OX40/OX40L可能与EAN发病有关。     

OX40/OX40L与疾病

OX40/OX40L是机体免疫应答过程中一对重要的协同刺激分子,参与T细胞的活化、增殖和迁移,以及生发中心的形成和树突状细胞的分化成熟。在介导肿瘤免疫应答和自身免疫疾病的发生、发展中具有重要作用。OX40只表达于活化的T细胞表面,且主要是CD4+T细胞。OX40+T细胞是抗原特异性T细胞,集中于淋巴组织的T细胞区和外周的炎性位点,非炎性相关组织及外周血中很少出现,有很强的区域特异性。OX40L能协同刺激T细胞的活化,促进B细胞产生高效价抗体和类别转化,介导OX40+T细胞向炎症部位浸润。     

小鼠OX40原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的构建小鼠OX40胞外段基因的原核表达载体并进行诱导表达。方法PCR扩增OX40胞外段基因并将其插入原核表达质粒pET32a（＋），重组pET32a—OX40经测序鉴定后转入表达菌株BL21（DE3）进行融合蛋白的小量诱导表达。结果出现新增蛋白条带，融合蛋白主要存在于包涵体中；Western Blotting分析表明该融合蛋白可与相应抗体发生特异性结合。结论构建了小鼠OX40基因的原核表达载体，获得OX40胞外段融合蛋白。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血OX40和OX40L分子的表达

目的探讨OX40和OX40L分子在系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者外周血T淋巴细胞和单核细胞上的表达及其在SLE发病机制中的可能作用。方法采用流式细胞术检测26例SLE患者和15例健康志愿者外周血T细胞上OX40和单核细胞上OX40L的表达水平。结果 SLE患者外周血CD4＋T细胞OX40表达水平为8.91±5.07,显著高于正常对照组（3.46±1.72）（P〈0.05）,而CD8＋T细胞OX40表达水平为3.89±1.94,与对照组（3.34±1.44）的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;外周血单核细胞上OX40L表达水平（31.23±10.05）显著高于正常对照组（21.01±6.92）（P〈0.05）。结论 SLE患者外周血T细胞和单核细胞上存在OX40和OX40L的异常表达,提示OX40/OX40L信号在T细胞与单核细胞相互作用过程中可能有助于T细胞的持续活化,从而参与SLE的发生发展。     

小鼠OX40真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的构建小鼠OX40的真核表达载体。方法从ConA活化的小鼠牌淋巴细胞中提取总RNA，应用RT-PCR方法，扩增获得编码小鼠OX40分子的cDNA，并将其克隆到PUCm-T载体，经PCR、酶切和测序分析证实，进而脂质体法转染HUVECS，G418筛选，RT-PCR法鉴定获得表达OX40分子的阳性细胞株。结果构建的pIRES2-EGFP-OX40重组真核表达载体经PCR、酶切和测序分析，证实该片段与GeneBank记载的小鼠OX40cDNA序列完全一致。筛选获得能表达小鼠OX40蛋白的HUVECs转基因细胞。结论成功构建小鼠OX40转基因细胞，该克隆细胞为进一步研究OX40分子的功能奠定了基础。     

布地奈德抑制哮喘小鼠肺组织OX40?气道炎症和气道高反应性的研究

目的:研究布地奈德对哮喘模型小鼠肺组织OX40(CD134)表达?气道炎症和气道高反应性的干预作用?方法:18只SPF级BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常组?哮喘组?布地奈德组?卵蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)致敏和激发建立哮喘模型?末次激发24 h后,测定气道反应性,HE染色观察炎症细胞浸润,ELISA法分别检测血清总IgE?OVA特异性IgE(OVA-sIgE)以及支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)中的IL-4和IL-13?Western blot检测肺组织OX40蛋白表达?结果:随着氯化乙酰胆碱(Ach)浓度的增加,哮喘组小鼠气道阻力明显增加,正常组仅轻度增加,布地奈德组小鼠气道阻力的增加程度低于哮喘组小鼠(P < 0.05);在BALF中炎症细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞分类计数方面,哮喘组小鼠高于正常组小鼠(P < 0.05),布地奈德组小鼠与哮喘组小鼠相比明显降低(P < 0.05);在BALF中IL-4?IL-13和血清总IgE?OVA-sIgE方面,哮喘组高于正常组(P < 0.05),布地奈德组低于哮喘组小鼠(P < 0.05);哮喘组小鼠肺组织OX40高于正常组(P < 0.05),布地奈德组与哮喘组相比小鼠肺组织OX40降低(P < 0.05)?结论:布地奈德可抑制哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症和气道高反应性,可能与抑制OX40/OX40L协同刺激通路有关?     

OX40在溃疡性结肠炎中的表达及意义

目的：研究溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者OX40分子的表达,以及CD4＋OX40＋T细胞的免疫表型和免疫学功能.方法：从活动性UC患者肠粘膜标本中分离和纯化粘膜固有层CD4＋T细胞（LP-CD4＋T）.用FACS多参数分析法测定OX40在不同的CD4＋T细胞上的表达.用ELISA BrdU（5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶）法测定LP-CD4＋T细胞的增生程度以及不同刺激剂对它们增生程度的影响.结果：UC病变部位LP-CD4＋T细胞表达OX40明显高于健康对照者外周血、UC患者外周血CD4＋T细胞以及UC患者非病变部位CD4＋T的表达.LP-CD4＋OX40＋T细胞表达淋巴细胞活化标记CD25、CD38、CD45RO和HLA-DR均明显高于LP-CD4＋OX40-T细胞的表达（P＜0.01）.抗OX40单抗可明显增强病变部位LP-CD4＋T细胞的增生反应.相反,抗OX40L单抗则能明显抑制病变部位LP-CD4＋T细胞的增生.结论：OX40在UC患者病变部位的LP-CD4＋T细胞上表达明显增加,LP-CD4＋OX40＋T细胞是一类在原位被特异性抗原激活后扩增的T细胞,它们在UC的免疫病理机制中起重要作用.抗OX40L能够抑制其增生反应,可能是一种有效治疗UC的新方法.     

Effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on theophylline metabolism in mouse liver

Background Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been associated with abnormalities in the liver,which is the most important organ for drug metabolism.This study aimed to investigate the effect of CIH...     

人OX40融合蛋白的表达及其纯化

目的表达含有人OX40胞外段的融合蛋白,纯化目的蛋白,为下一步制备抗人OX40单克隆抗体及鉴定打下良好的基础。方法采用冰冷热击法将测序正确的pET32a—OX40胞外段的重组质粒转入表达菌株BL21（DE3）的感受态细胞,接种于含氨苄青霉素的培养基筛选出阳性克隆。将阳性克隆细菌用IPTG诱导培养,收集不同时间的培养产物,离心分离菌体,取菌体超声破菌,离心收集胞质上清和包涵体沉淀,进行SDS．PAGE分析,观察不同时间条件对目的蛋白表达的影响及目的蛋白分布情况,筛选优化表达条件。采用Ni离子亲合层析柱纯化目的蛋白,然后使用超滤管对蛋白进行脱盐处理,并用核酸蛋白检测仪测定目的蛋白的浓度。结果筛选到表达pET32a．OX40的阳性菌株。SDS．PAGE电泳表明,含有重组质粒的表达菌株经IPTG诱导后,在蛋白Marker的31．0～42．7kD之间出现了新的融合蛋白带,在胞质和包涵体中均有目的融合蛋白的表达。优化表达条件分析表明,在诱导的不同时间内新蛋白的表达量没有明显差别。用Ni离子亲和层祈柱纯化的蛋白经超滤管进行脱盐处理后,获得的目的蛋白含量为56．266g／L。结论成功获得表达pET32a—OX40的阳性菌株;表达产物经Ni离子亲和层析柱层析处理可获得纯度较高的目的蛋白。     

冠状动脉支架植入术前血清OX40配体与术后6个月心血管事件的相关性

目的 探讨冠状动脉支架植入术前血清OX40配体（OX40L）对术后6个月患者心血管事件临床预测价值。方法 于2011年3月至2013年7月收集在我院心内科冠心病患者156例,所有患者均在冠状动脉支架植入术前检测血清OX40L水平,术后内科标准化治疗,随访6个月根据心血管事件发生情况分为事件组和无事件组。结果 在147例有效随访患者中,事件组患者31例（21.09%）,无事件组患者116例（78.91%）;事件组患者血清OX40L水平（1.79±0.59）ng/mL明显高于无事件组患者（1.27±0.37）ng/mL,（P〈0.01）;事件组患者心血管危险因素校正后,血清OX40L仍然是心血管事件独立的危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论 冠心病患者支架植入术前血清OX40L水平对术后6个月内心血管事件有很好的临床预测价值。     

不同剂量的阿托伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者血浆OX40L及hs-CRP水平的影响

目的验证OX40L在冠心病患者及正常对照血浆中的变化,探讨不同剂量阿托伐他汀早期干预治疗对急性冠脉综合症（ACS）患者血浆炎症指标OX40L及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平的影响。方法急性冠脉综合症（ACS）60例,稳定型心绞痛20例（SA）,非冠心病患者20例（C）。分别测定以上各组患者入院时的血浆OX40L及hs-CRP水平。将ACS患者随机分成阿托伐他汀10mg/d组（A组）和40mg/d组（B组）,疗程均为7～10d,第8d测定两组ACS患者血浆OX40L及超敏CRP的水平。结果⑴ACS组血浆OX40L水平高于正常组（P〈0.05）,略高于SA组,差异无统计学意义。三组hs-CRP水平比较,ACS组明显高于正常组和SA组（P〈0.05）;⑵阿托伐他汀治疗1周后A、B两组血浆OX40L及hs-CRP水平均有所下降,A组患者血浆hs-CRP水平治疗前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,OX40L治疗前后差异无统计学意义,B组hs-CRP及OX40L治疗前后均有统计学意义。将A、B两组治疗前后的变化值进行比较,OX40L与hs-CRP降低幅度均有差别,且差别有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,B组较A组作用更明显。⑶ACS患者血浆OX40L与hs-CRP之间呈正相关（r=0.52,P〈0.001）。结论 ACS患者血浆OX40L、hs-CRP水平增高,早期阿托伐他汀治疗可降低ACS患者OX40L及hs-CRP水平,且不同剂量阿托伐他汀对于OX40L、hs-CRP会产生不同的影响,40mg/d抗炎作用强于10mg/d,ACS患者早期应用大剂量的他汀类强化治疗可能使患者获益更大。     

新血府逐瘀软胶囊对冠心病血瘀征象及OX40L、hs-CRP影响的临床研究

目的探讨新血府逐瘀软胶囊对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病,CHD）患者血瘀征象及血清OX40L（OX40L）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）的影响。方法将80例CHD患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。对照组予以常规西药治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用新血府逐瘀软胶囊治疗,两组均用药3个月,观察两组治疗前后血瘀征象并检测血清OX40L、hs-CRP水平。结果两组治疗后血瘀征象均较前改善,治疗组总有效率为80.6%,明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。两组治疗后hs-CRP、OX40L水平均较治疗前降低（P〈0.01）,且治疗组治疗后OX40L及hs-CRP水平均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论新血府逐瘀软胶囊可以改善冠心病患者血瘀征象,降低外周血OX40L及hs-CRP水平,提示其可能通过降低炎症反应、稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块来降低心血管事件的发生率。     

Propofol enhances the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials in CA1 hippocampal slices of young and aged mice

Background Increasing age was shown to decrease the requirements for propfol.However,the mechanisms of ageing-induced potentiation of anesthetic actions have not been clearly explored.The aim of this study is to compare the effects of propofol on the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials （fEPSPs） in hippocampal slices of young and aging mice.Methods Brain slices were prepared from C57BL6 male young （2 months） and aging （＞12 months） mice.The dendritic field excitatory postsynaptic potential was recorded from the CA1 stratum radiatum using patch clamp electrophysiological methods.A bipolar concentric stimulating electrode was placed along the Schaffer collateral for othodromic stimulation.The effects of clinically-relevant concentrations of propofol were studied in the young and ageing mouse tissues.Results Propofol application increased the orthodromically evoked fEPSP produced in slices taken from young and older animals.A striking feature in the I/O relationship was the decreased enhancement of the fEPSPs by propofol in slices from older mice.A clinically relevant concentration of propofol,10 μmol/L,showed more significant enhancement in amplitude and area under the curve （AUC） of fEPSP in young compared to tissues from older mice （amplitude：young （24.9±3.4）％,old （4.6±1.6）％; AUC young （30.6±5.4）％,old （2.1±1.7）％）.There was no statistically significant difference between the paired-pulse facilitation （PPF） ratios calculated for the responses obtained in tissues from young mice.In slices from older mice,in the presence of 10 μmol/L propofol,PPF was decreased and returned to baseline after washout （baseline 1.21±0.01,propofol：1.16±0.01）.Bicuculline （15 μmol/L） blocked the enhancement of propofol on fEPSP in tissues from young and old mice.Conclusion The fEPSP of slices from aging mice demonstrates diminished sensitivity to the enhancing actions of propofol.     

Effects of C-reactive protein on the expression of OX40 ligand in mouse aorta endothelial cells

Objective: To investigate the expression of OX40 ligand(OX40L) on C-reactive protein(CRP)-triggered mouse aorta endothelial cells (MAECs) in vitro. Methods: MAECs from aorta were isolated by digestion with collagenase type Ⅱ. The cell growth was confirmed by morphological characteristics and the immunological marker, factor Ⅷ(or Willebrand factor, vWF). The expression of OX40L by MAECs was detected by RT-PCR and western blot after incubating with 100 μg/ml CRP for 48 hours. Results: Twenty-day cultures of M...     

Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation ameliorates elastin breakdown in a Kawasaki disease mouse model

Background  Coronary artery damage from Kawasaki disease (KD) is closely linked to the dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of EPCs transplantation in KD model.

Methods  Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE)-induced KD model in C57BL/6 mice was established. The model mice were injected intravenously with bone marrow-derived in vitro expanded EPCs. Histological evaluation, number of circulating EPCs and the function of bone marrow EPCs were examined at day 56.

Results  Inflammation was found around the coronary artery of the model mice after 14 days, Elastin breakdown was observed after 56 days. CM-Dil labeled EPCs incorporated into vessel repairing foci was found. At day 56, the number of peripheral EPCs in the KD model group was lower than in EPCs transplanted and control group. The functional index of bone marrow EPCs from the KD model group decreased in proliferation, adhesion and migration. Increased number of circulating EPCs and improved function were observed on the EPCs transplanted group compared with model group.

Conclusion  Exogenously administered EPCs, which represent a novel strategy could prevent the dysfunction of EPCs, accelerate the repair of coronary artery endothelium lesion and decrease the occurrence of aneurysm.

     

OX40基因rs17568A/G多态性与急性冠脉综合征的关联研究

目的研究OX40基因rs17568A/G多态性在中国汉族人群中的分布以及与急性冠脉综合征(acutecoronary syndrome,ACS)的相关性。方法共纳入228名中国汉族ACS患者和165名年龄性别匹配的正常对照,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对OX40基因rs17568A/G多态性位点进行基因型分型,同时采用DNA测序对酶切产物进行鉴定。结果ACS组和对照组中均检出了AA、AG和GG3种基因型,ACS组和对照组中rs17568A/G多态位点G等位基因频率分别为29.4%和26.7%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。同时,基因型分布频率差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在ACS组中,根据冠脉病变分组,在1、2或3支血管病变患者间G等位基因和基因型频率也没有发现差异。通过不同基因型的血脂分析发现,G等位基因携带者(AG GG型)高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density cholesterol,HDL-C)水平显著高于AA纯合子(P<0.05)。结论OX40基因rs17568A/G多态性位点同中国汉族ACS的发生以及冠脉病变严重度间没有关联,但是G等位基因对于血清HDL-C水平有一定影响。     

Neuroprotective effect of AG490 in experimental traumatic brain injury of rats

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in children and young adults worldwide. Therefore, we investigated the role of AG490 in regulating brain oedema, expression of CD40 and neurological function after TBI.

Methods Sprague Dawley rats (n=240) were randomly divided into a sham operation group, TBI+saline group and TBI+AG490 (JAK/STAT inhibitor) group. Members of each group were euthanized at 6, 12, 24 or 72 hours after injury. Neurological severity score (NSS) was used to evaluate the severity of neurological damage. Brain water was quantitated by wet/dry weight method. The expression of CD40 was assessed by flow cytometry.

Results In both the TBI+saline group and the TBI+AG490 group, the brain water content was elevated after TBI, reached a peak at 24-hour and remained high for the rest of the period investigated; the expression of CD40 reached a peak 24 hours after TBI; the NSS was elevated after TBI and then decreased after 6 hours. Elevations in the level of CD40, degree of brain edema and NSS after TBI were significantly reduced in TBI+AG490 group.

Conclusion Inhibition of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway reduces brain oedema, decreases the expression of CD40 and exerts neuroprotective effects after TBI.