便携式睡眠初筛监测仪的临床应用评价

目的评价Embletta睡眠初筛监测仪对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的诊断价值,为临床寻找方便、简易、准确、成本低的诊断方法提供参考。方法16例打鼾患者,用Embla-Monet 19多导仪行整夜多导睡眠图(PSG)检查及用Embletta初筛仪行整夜初筛监测,比较两法的监测数据,包括睡眠呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度、平均血氧饱和度。并以PSG-AHI为诊断OSAHS的金标准,取同一患者Embletta-AHI绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),获得Embletta-AHI的最佳诊断点。结果Embletta-AHI与金标准PSG-AHI的结果有较好的直线相关关系(r=0.961,P=0.000)。Embletta-平均血氧饱和度与金标准PSG平均血氧饱和度的结果有较好的直线相关关系(r=20.853,P=0.000)。以PSG AHI≥5作为诊断OSAHS的金标准,绘制ROC曲线,得出的Embletta-AHI对OSAHS的最佳诊断值为Embletta-AHI≥5.75。对该诊断点作χ2检验,其灵敏度为100%,特异度为100%。结论Embletta监测仪对OSAHS的诊断准确性较高,临床应用价值较大。     

Watch-PAT监测仪对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的诊断价值

目的 评价Watch-PAT监测仪对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）诊断效果。方法 297例可疑OSAHS患者用Watch-PAT监测仪及多导睡眠监测仪（PSG）检查,比较二者的检测结果及呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）相关性。结果 PAT及PSG监测仪检测总睡眠时间、血氧饱和度最小值、快速动眼期时间、血氧饱和度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。PSG-AHI、PAT-AHI存在显著相关（r=0.997,P<0.001）。依据PSG-AHI≥5标准对OSAHS进行诊断,ROC曲线下方面积是0.995 (P<0.001)。结论 Watch-PAT监测仪可准确诊断OSAHS。     

便携式多导睡眠监测仪对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者诊断敏感性及特异性的影响

目的研究便携式多导睡眠监测仪对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者诊断敏感性及特异性的影响。方法选取获嘉县红十字医院2014年11月至2016年12月疑似OSAHS患者104例。所有患者均行整夜多导睡眠监测(PSG)及便携式多导睡眠监测。以整夜PSG诊断结果作为金标准,统计便携式多导睡眠监测仪诊断敏感性、特异性、准确度,并比较两种监测方式相关指标(记录时间、紊乱指数、Sp O2水平、Sp O2<90%时长)情况。结果 PSG诊断结果显示104例受试者中91例为阳性,13例为阴性,便携式多导睡眠监测仪诊断显示87例阳性,11例阴性,诊断敏感度为95.60%(87/91)、特异性为84.62%(11/13)、准确度为94.23%(98/104);便携式多导睡眠监测记录时间长于PSG,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),便携式多导睡眠监测紊乱指数、Sp O2值、Sp O2<90%时长,与PSG比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论便携式多导睡眠监测仪应用于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者,对诊断敏感性及特异性影响较小,可应用于临床常规诊断。     

73例多导睡眠图呼吸暂停低通气事件分析

①目的探讨多导睡眠图进行捡图(PSG)对睡眠呼吸暂停低通气事件的分析方法及判定规则。②方法对73例临床疑诊睡眠呼吸紊乱(SDB)患采取整夜PSC监测，睡眠呼吸暂停低通气事件判定、阻基性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的诊断，病情分度采用国内标准。③结果诊断出OSAHS共66例，其中32例呼吸暂停时出现胸腹矛盾运动，29例持续存在于口鼻气流恢复期间．24例于入睡后清醒期仍存在④结论胸腹矛盾呼吸运动和脑电醒觉反应有助于呼吸暂停低通气事件长度的判定，但持续存在胸腹矛盾运动，且难以判定脑电醒觉反应的情况下，仍应依据气流波幅的变化确定呼吸暂停低通气事件的长度。     

多导睡眠监测儿童鼾症96例临床分析

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是严重危害儿童身体健康的一种疾病,多导睡眠监测(PSG)已被公认为成人诊断睡眠呼吸暂停的金标准,但针对儿童的标准尚未确定,我院从2004年10月至2006年12月间收治96例鼾症儿童,进行整夜PSG监测,并对其多导睡眠图特点进行分析,同时行鼻内窥镜检查,探讨儿童OSAHS的主要病因和分析PSG图对儿童OSAHS的临床应用价值.     

基于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患儿睡眠结构探究微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测结果判读精确性

目的 基于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患儿睡眠结构,探究微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测系统(MSMSMS)结果精确性。方法 选取我院2018年3月～2019年3月收治的确诊为OSAHS的患儿74例,采用随机数字法均分为观察组和对照组,观察组行MSMSMS监测,对照组行多导睡眠监测仪(PSG)检测。比较两组患儿睡眠呼吸低通气次数(AH)、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、睡眠呼吸暂停(SA)及夜间动腿(NML)发生情况;采用ROC曲线考察不同睡眠状态下MSMSMS诊断OSAHS的效能,采用符合率分析不同睡眠结构下微动敏感床垫式睡眠监测结果判读精确性。结果 观察组患儿的AH、AHI显著高于对照组,而LSaO2显著低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组睡眠呼吸暂停(SA)及夜间动腿(NML)发生情况均较对照组显著高(P0.05)。在快动眼睡眠及慢动眼睡眠时相下,MSMSMS相对于PSG的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.847、0.923(P0.05);睡眠时相为慢动眼睡眠,AHI阈值为20次/h,MSMSMS监测结果与PSG最为接近。且MSMSMS对醒觉-睡眠的监测结果与PSG更接近。结论 MSMSMS可灵敏的监测患儿睡眠相关指标,与PSG监测结果接近,具有良好的临床推广价值。     

颈围对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征筛查作用的研究

目的分析颈围与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的相关性,研究颈围对预测该病的价值并寻找最佳筛查值。方法以2009-06～2012-06因睡眠打鼾、高血压、糖尿病要求了解睡眠状况,在我中心行多导睡眠图（PSG）检测的≥18岁患者为对象,PSG检测前进行颈围、腰围等指标的测量。以PSG为金标准监测,分析颈围与呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）值之间的关系,并利用ROC曲线分析颈围对OSAHS的诊断价值,从中选择出最佳敏感度与特异度的颈围值。结果符合研究条件的受检者2167例,年龄18～89（45．0±14．34）岁,颈围21．0—58．0（38．17±3．567）cm。男性颈围大于女性颈围[（39．13±3．029）cmVS（34．07±2．683）cm,P=0．001]。轻、中、重度OSAHS患者之间颈围差异有统计学意义[（37．86±3．474）cmv8（38．24±2．935）cmV8（39．87±3．043）cm,P=0．000]。AHI与颈围呈正相关（r=0．109,P=0．000）。以PSG．AHI≥5、10、15次／h为金标准制作颈围筛查ROC曲线,显示PSG—AHll5次／h为金标准时ROC曲线下面积最大。男性颈围≥39．25cm时,敏感度为50．O％,特异度为52．5％;女性颈围≥34．75cm时,敏感度为75．5％,特异度为58．6％。结论颈围与OSAHS的AHI呈正相关,颈围在一定程度上可以作为筛查OSAHS的指标,男性颈围〉139．25cm时,女性颈围≥34．75cm时,可以预测中重度OSAHS。     

多导睡眠监测儿童鼾症96例临床分析

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是严重危害儿童身体健康的一种疾病,多导睡眠监测(PSG)已被公认为成人诊断睡眠呼吸暂停的金标准,但针对儿童的标准尚未确定,我院从2004年10月至2006年12月间收治96例鼾症儿童,进行整夜PSG监测,并对其多导睡眠图特点进行分析,同时行鼻内窥镜检查,探讨儿童OSAHS的主要病因和分析PSG图对儿童OSAHS的临床应用价值.     

STOP-Bang问卷在基层医院筛查COPD合并OSAHS的作用研究

目的评价STOP-Bang问卷在基层医院筛查慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的作用。方法选取COPD可疑合并OSAHS的患者230例,用STOP-Bang问卷评分,并行多导睡眠监测（PSG）患者睡眠。使用Kappa检验评价STOP-Bang问卷评分和PSG诊断结果的一致性,绘制ROC曲线,计算灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果根据呼吸暂停指数（AHI）结果将230例患者分为OSAHS组171例和非OSAHS组59例。STOP-Bang问卷评分结果与PSG监测结果符合率为82.17％。以STOP-Bang问卷评分≥3分为诊断界值,以AHI≥5次/h、AHI≥15次/h、≥30次/h为金标准,灵敏度分别为89.53%、95.74%、98.02%,特异度分别为46.15%、35.96%、27.91%,阳性预测值分别为89.53%、70.31%和51.56%,阴性预测值分别为47.37%,84.21%和94.74%。当AHI≥5次/h时,AUC为0.881。结论STOP-Bang问卷可用于筛查COPD合并OSAHS患者,该量表评价实施简单,灵敏度较高,适合在基层医院推广。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与年龄、体重指数的关系

目的 探讨年龄、体重指数与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的关系.方法 选择526例经多导睡眠图(PSG)监测确诊为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的患者资料,统计不同年龄、体重指数(BMI)患者分布差异,对OSAHS严重程度与年龄、BMI进行相关性分析.结果 中老年人(30-70岁)及肥胖者(BMI23.0～30或≥30.0)发病较多;年龄与暂停紊乱指数(AHI)呈负相关,BMI与AHI呈正相关;标准偏回归系数绝对值BMI大于年龄.结论 年龄、BMI与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征有密切关系,体重指数越大,病情越严重,而随着年龄的增大,病情反而减轻.体重比年龄对OSAHS的影响更大.     

OSAHS睡眠监测压力滴定的护理干预

目的为患者选择理想的治疗压力,提高持续气道正压通气（Minni Max n—CPAP）治疗的依从性。方法使用北京倍德发展有限公司提供的澳大利亚Compumedics多导睡眠呼吸监测系统进行监测,治疗仪采用德国MAP（迈普）持续正压呼吸机,观察各项指标的同时结合人工滴定,设定治疗仪压力范围6—18cm H2O,监测时间不少于7h。结果通过睡眠监测压力滴定的护理均选择了较理想的压力。结论通过压力滴定选择的压力均比较适合患者,确保了睡眠监测压力滴定的有效性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.