rhG-CSF动员的骨髓和外周血干细胞混合移植物首次采集时供者外周血单核细胞计数反映混合采集物中CD34^＋细胞含量

本研究探讨人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）动员的骨髓和外周血干细胞混合移植健康供者首次干细胞采集时供者外周血单核细胞数量与骨影外周血混合采集物中CD34^＋细胞数量的关系。对70名亲缘健康供者均皮下注射rhG-CSF5μg／（kg·d）,连续5天。第4天和第5天分别采集骨髓和外周血干细胞。首次干细胞采集时用EX2100血细胞分析仪检测供者外周血细胞计数,同时应用流式细胞仪测定骨髓和外周血混合采集物中的CD34^＋细胞数量。结果表明：rhG—CSF动员的70例供者首次干细胞采集时外周血单核细胞的数量为（1．15±0．60）×10^9／L;骨髓和外周血采集物中的CD34^＋细胞总量分别是（5．854±2．93）×10^7和（1．33±0．77）×10^8;骨髓和外周血混合采集物的CD34^＋细胞总量是（1．92±0．86）×10^8。Pearson和Spearman分析显示首次干细胞采集时供者外周血单核细胞计数（×10^9／L）与骨髓采集物中CD34^＋细胞的总量（相关系数：r=0．265,P=0．027）、外周血采集物中CD34^＋细胞总量（r=0．340,P=0．004）以及混合移植物中CD34^＋细胞的总量（r=0．398,P：0．001）均存在显著的相关性;多因素分析表明,首次干细胞采集时供者外周血单核细胞计数与骨髓采集物、外周血采集物以及混合移植物中CD34^＋细胞的总量均呈正相关关系（P值分别为0．027、0．004和0．001）。首次干细胞采集时供者外周血单核细胞数量对混合移植物中CD34^＋细胞总量预测的敏感性是71％,特异性是70％（P=0．007）。结论：rhG-CSF动员的骨髓和外周血混合移植健康供者首次干细胞采集时外周血单核细胞计数可有效预测输注给受者的CD34^＋细胞总量即采集效果。     

人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子动员后采集骨髓对健康供者外周血采集物成份的影响

本研究探讨健康供者体内应用人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子（G—CSF）后采集骨髓对外周血采集物成份的影响。62例健康供者皮下注射rhG—CSF5μg/（kg·d），连用5天，其中31例供者在第4、5天分别采集骨髓和外周血采集物（A组）；另31例供者于第4、5天均单采集外周血单个核细胞（B组）。应用流式细胞术检测两组供者外周血采集物中的淋巴细胞、CD3^＋、CD3^＋CD4^＋、CD3^＋CD8^＋、CD14^＋、CD34^＋细胞以及CD3^＋CD4^-CD8^-T细胞的数量。结果显示，A组供者每微升外周血采集物中单个核细胞中CD3^＋、CD3^＋CD4^＋、CD3^＋CD8^＋、CD14^＋、CD34^＋细胞以及CD3^＋CD4^-CD8^-T细胞的中位含量分别1．56×10^5μ1、8．56×10^4μl、6．12×10^4μl、3．38×10^4μl、2．27×10^4μl、3．83×10^4μl、744μl及3588μl，与B组的1．40×10^5μl、7．34×10^4μ1、5．32×10^4l、3．06×10^4μl、1．83×10^4μl、3．21×10^4μl、554μl及3120μl的差异无统计学意义（p〉0．05）；A组外周血采集物中CD4^＋细胞与CD8^＋细胞的比值[1．52（0．54—2．87）]、单核细胞与CD3^＋细胞的比值[0．57（0．15—1．64）]以及CD3^＋CD4^-CD8^-T细胞与CD3^＋细胞[0．064（0．018—0．673）]的比值与B组[1．68（0．31—3．35）]、[0．59（0．18—1．25）]、[0．063（0．021—0．136）]的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：健康供者体内应用rhG—CSF后采集骨髓对外周血采集物成份无影响，对rhG—CSF动员的同一健康供者可单独采集骨髓、外周血采集物或同时采集两种采集物以满足临床移植的需要。     

重组人白介素11联合粒细胞集落刺激因子动员的自体外周血造血干细胞移植

本研究旨在探索重组人白介素11（rhIL—11）联合重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG—CSF）动员外周血造血干细胞进行自体外周血干细胞移植的作用。16例预行自体外周血干细胞移植的非霍奇金淋巴瘤及急性髓系白血病患者随机分为实验组（rhIL-11联合rhG—CSF动员）及对照组（rhG—CSF动员），两组均在动员性化疗后血象下降至最低值有回升迹象时应用rhIL—11及rhG—CSF；rhG—CSF5μg/（kg·d）动员中位时间5．5天，rhIL—1150μg/（kg·d）动员中位时间4天；动员后观察外周血白细胞和血小板计数，以及干细胞采集物单个核细胞、CD34^＋细胞、CFU—GM集落数的变化；按常规进行自体外周血干细胞移植后，观察粒细胞及血小板植活时间及单采血小板输注量。结果显示：实验组及对照组动员后外周血白细胞和血小板计数，以及干细胞采集物单个核细胞、CD54^＋细胞及CFU—GM集落数无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。自体外周血干细胞移植后，实验组中性粒细胞数≥0.5×10^9／L的中位时间为10．5天，对照组中为13天．实验组比对照组提前2.5天（P〈0．05）。实验组血小板数≥20×10^9／L的中位时间为11.5天，对照组为13天，实验组比对照组提前1.5天（p〈0．05）。实验组输注单采血小板中住数为3.5单位，对照组为5单位，实验组比对照组减少1．5单位（P〈0．05）。实验组使用动员剂的不良反应主要有低热、乏力、感冒样症状、食欲不振、头晕、肌肉酸痛等，对照组仅出现低热，患者对以上症状均可以耐受，停药后症状自行消失。结论：rhIL—11联合rhG—CSF动员外周血造血干细胞安全有效，在自体外周血干细胞移植后造血重建较快，单采血小板输注量少。     

单中心191例健康供者应用G-CSF动员造血干细胞的影响因素分析

本研究旨在探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）动员外周血造血干细胞的影响因素及对健康供者的影响。181例志愿健康供者应用G-CSF5-10μg/（kg·d）动员,10例应用G-CSF3．3-4．9μg/（kg·d）动员,12h1次,连续动员4-5d;采集、检测外周血中单个核细胞（MNC）数与CD34＋细胞数,并观察供者动员及采集过程中的不良反应。结果表明,与动员前相比,动员后（采集前）供者外周血白细胞数平均升高7倍（P〈0．01）;血小板数明显下降（P〈0．01）;血红蛋白含量无明显差异性。动员第4或5天采集效果无差异。男性供者采集的MNC、CD34＋细胞数高于女性（P〈0．01）,高体重供者采集的MNC、CD34＋数高于低体重供者,年龄对采集效果无明显影响。G-CSF剂量与采集效果无线性关系。供者不良反应轻微。结论：G-CSF可以有效动员外周血造血干细胞,供者无明显的不良反应。     

亲缘与非亲缘供者造血干细胞动员和采集的安全性比较

本研究对捐献骨髓及外周造血干细胞的健康亲缘供者及只捐献外周造血干细胞的非亲缘供者,在造血干细胞动员和采集的安全性方面进行比较。对2005年9月至2006年8月在北京大学人民医院血液病研究所提供异基因造血干细胞的亲缘供者100例及2003年11月至2007年12月在中国造血干细胞捐献者资料库北京管理中心登记的非血缘供者71例,在造血干细胞动员、采集及采集后1、3、6个月及每年进行了评估。对血常规指标、不良反应等进行观察记录,并对随访期间的长期不良反应及生活质量进行了问卷调查。结果显示：亲缘供者提供的骨髓＋外周血干细胞总MNC剂量为6．70（4．11—12．23）×10^8／kg,总CD34^＋细胞剂量为3．40（1．61—13．57）×10^6／kg：非亲缘供者提供的外周血干细胞总MNC剂量为6．69（3．35-11．48）×10^8／kg,总CD34^＋细胞剂量为3．50（1．15—11．60）×10^6／kg。动员时的常见副作用为骨痛,在亲缘供者的发生率为47％,在非亲缘供者的发生率为43．7％,两组之间无显著性差异;采集时的常见副作用为感觉异常（口唇和四肢）,在亲缘供者的发生率为25％,在非亲缘供者的发生率为29．6％,两组之间无显著性差异;所有供者对副作用皆可耐受,没有供者因为不能耐受而中断采集。亲缘供者由于骨髓和外周血的采集,其血红蛋白水平低于非亲缘供者[（125．8±20．2）g／L vs（143．2±20．1）g／L]（P〈0．05）。非亲缘供者由于外周干细胞采集多为2次,其血小板计数低于亲缘供者[（126．2±57．2）×10^9／L vs（162．4±72．9）×10^9／L]（P〈0．05）。在长期随访中,亲缘供者与非亲缘供者的血常规检查结果比较无显著性差异,无长期的不良反应,健康状况良好。结论：亲缘与非亲缘供者进行造血干细胞采集都是安全可行的。术前进行完备的检查,术中仔细操作、严密观察,及术后长期随访对于供者的安全有重要的意义。     

健康供者造血干细胞动员和采集效果的分析

目的对影响造血干细胞动员和采集效果的多因素进行分析,进一步探讨最佳动员方案及采集时机。方法对94例健康供者采用惠尔血或瑞白5～10μg·kg-1·d-14～5d进行造血干细胞动员,采取相关性分析方法分析供者体重、粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）动员天数、剂量及采集前外周血淋巴细胞数值与采集效果的关系。结果采集效率与供者体重指数、采集天数、动员剂剂量有关。G-CSF动员第5天采集的供者,其单个核细胞（MNC）数、CD34＋细胞数优于其他时间采集的供者。同时,外周血淋巴细胞数值与采集物MNC比例呈正比。结论应用5～10μg·kg-1·d-1G-CSF动员并于第5天开始采集是健康供者造血干细胞动员的较理想方案。     

rhG-CSF动员健康供者CD34^＋细胞产率的影响因素分析

为探讨rhG—CSF动员健康供者年龄、性别等因素对采集物CD34^＋细胞产率的影响,分析61例健康供者外周血采集物CD34^＋细胞数量与自身特点的相关性,并进行多因素回归分析。以供者性别、年龄、身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）和采集时间作为研究参数,外周血采集物单核细胞计数、CD34^＋细胞占有核细胞百分比、CD34^＋细胞计数、CD34^＋细胞每公斤体重（供者）计数的均值作为研究变量。结果表明,供者年龄是影响CD34^＋细胞产率主要因素,呈中等负相关（-0．60〈r〈-0．45,P〈0．005）。偏相关分析排除身高、体重、BMI的影响,年龄仍和CD34^＋细胞产率呈中等负相关（-0．50〈r〈-0．35,P〈0．02）。BMI仅与CD34^＋细胞每公斤体重计数呈微弱负相关（r=-0．297,P〈0．05）,性别对CD34^＋细胞产率无明显影响,CD34^＋细胞计数的差别仅出现在男性和女性低龄组（年龄〈35岁）间,男性身高、体重、BMI为CD34^＋细胞计数增加的有利因素。供者采集时间为给药后第4天采集,70％供者CD34^＋细胞产率达峰值。结论：年龄应作为供者选择的首要因素,性别、身高、体重和BMI对CD34^＋细胞产率的影响是次要的。     

健康供者异基因外周血造血干细胞移植采集因素分析

目的干细胞的足量采集是异基因外周血造血干细胞(allo-PBSCs)成功移植的重要因素。本研究分析比较了健康供者异基因外周血造血干细胞动员是否良好的采集相关因素。方法回顾性分析了71例于新桥医院在2017—2019年进行的异基因外周血造血干细胞采集的临床数据。分析以CD34+细胞作为研究指标,包括年龄、动员前和采集前血常规结果、干细胞产品相关数据等。CD34+细胞数量>4.0×10 ⁶/Kg被认为是异基因外周血造血干细胞成功移植的最小剂量,也是本研究的靶剂量。本文以此为界,分为两组健康供者。结果 CD34+细胞相关因素是年龄、WBC、Plt,动员良好的健康供者采集产品中所获得的单个核细胞(mononuclear cells,MNC)数量和CD34+数量较高。结论本研究认为年轻的健康供者、采集前有较高的WBC和Plt数量,能获得较高的CD34+细胞数量,对成功进行异基因外周血造血干细胞移植有重要意义。     

FLAG巩固治疗急性髓系白血病对自体外周血造血干细胞动员的影响

本研究探讨以大剂量阿糖胞苷（Ara—C）联合氟达拉滨（Flud）和粒细胞集落刺激因子（G—CSF）即FLAG方案巩固治疗急性髓系白血病（AML）对自体造血干细胞动员的影响。对15例AML患者在诱导缓解后采用FLAG方案巩固治疗（氟达拉滨,50mg／d,第1-5天;Ara—C2g／（m^2·d）,第1—5天;G—CSF300μg／d,皮下注射,化疗前1天至中性粒细胞〉1．0×10^9／L）。15例中男10例,女5例,中位年龄36（14—51）岁,13例为初发AML,2例为复发难治AML。12例FLAG观固2个疗程,3例巩固3个疗程。动员方案为：9例为FLAG,6例大剂量足叶乙甙（VP16）＋G—CSF。结果表明：15例患者中11例（73．3％）被证实有足够的造血干细胞（CD34’细胞〉2．0×10^6／kg）,CD34细胞中位数为3．52×10^6／kg[（2．2—4．6）×10^6／kg]。在4例仅采集到足够的单个核细胞（MNC）,而CD34^＋细胞含量却较低。结论：2个疗程的FLAG巩固治疗对AML患者的造血干细胞影响不明显,毒副作用不明显且不影响自体外周血造血干细胞的动员。     

COAEP联合粒细胞集落刺激因子动员及采集造血干细胞在自体外周血干细胞移植中的应用

目的：探讨COAEP化疗方案联合粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）治疗对血液病患者外周血干细胞（PBSC）动员的效果。方法：选择恶性血液病患者24例，其中非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）15例，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）6例，霍奇金病（HD）3例？以COAEP方案动员[dl（第1天）：环磷酰胺（CTX）400mg／m^2，长春地辛（VDS）2mg/m^2；dl-5应用阿糖胞苷（Ara—C）60mg／m^2．依托泊甙（VP-16）60mg／m^2，泼尼松（Pred）30mg／m^2]。将患者随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组取患者化疗后白细胞抑制达最低点开始稳定回升（第二次回升）时为节点．予G-CSF（惠尔血）300μg／d；而对照组以动员方案结束后向细胞跌至低谷首次回升时即使用G—CSF300μg/d。2组患者开始使用G—CSF后每日查血常规，当白细胞计数〉10．0×10^9／L和单个核细胞（MNC）计数〉1．0×10^9/L时使用COBE血细胞分离机，以自动单个核细胞分离程序采集PBSC．结果：使用COAEP方案动员后，24例恶性血液病患者平均获得的CD34＋细胞数达每例17．25×10^6/kg。试验组患者平均使用G—CSF的时间为4．17d，采集PBSC次数为1～2次，采集液CD34＋细胞数为每例11．73×10^6/kg（何均值）：对照组患者平均使用G—CSF的时间为5．92d，采集PBSC次数为1～2次，采集液CD34＋细胞数为每例1．79×10^6/kg（几何均值），2组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．0028），结论：COAEP联合化疗可作为血液病患者自体PBSC动员的方案，并能获得良好的干细胞产率：患者白细胞开始稳定回升时使用G—CSF，可显著提高PBSC产率：根据患者外同血白细胞计数及单个核细胞数决定PBSC采集时机有效可行，值得临床推广。     

CD34+ cell mobilization for allogeneic progenitor cell transplantation: efficacy of a short course of G-CSF

BACKGROUND: G-CSF-mobilized PBPCs are considered the richest source of HPCs for both autologous and allogeneic transplantation, but, despite their wide use, the best dose and schedule for G-CSF administration have not been definitively established. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: With a target of collecting from the peripheral blood > or = 4 x 10(6) CD34+ cells per kg of body weight of the recipient, the short-course administration of glycosylated G-CSF (gly-G-CSF) in 30 healthy donors for an allogeneic transplantation was investigated. Gly-G-CSF was given subcutaneously at a dose of 10 microg per kg per day in two divided doses over 3 days and was followed by a leukapheresis (on the 4th day) 12 hours after the last dose. RESULTS: A median of 53.5 circulating CD34+ cells per microL (range, 19-190) was found in the 30 donors on the day of first leukapheresis, which allowed a median CD34+ cell collection of 6.0 x 10(6) per kg of body weight of the donor and 6.5 x 10(6) per kg of body weight of the recipient. In 25 (83%) of 30 donors, a single procedure was sufficient to collect the target CD34+ cells, while in the other 5, two leukapheresis procedures were required. Hematologic reconstitution was observed in all patients at a median of 14 days (range, 10-23) for neutrophils and 14.5 days (range, 11-46) for platelets. With a median infusion of 3.9 x 10(8) CD3+ T-lymphocytes per kg of body weight of the recipient (range, 1.3-7.8), acute and chronic GVHD occurred in 13 (43%) of 30 and 15 (60%) of 25 evaluable patients, respectively. After a median follow-up of 337 days from transplant, 22 (73%) of 30 patients are alive in complete remission. CONCLUSION: A schedule consisting of 3-day administration of gly-G-CSF followed by a single leukapheresis can be proposed and widely accepted by healthy donors, as 84 percent of them reach the target in the estimated time with a reduced drug exposure. The cost of the procedure is reduced, in terms of both the growth factor administration and the number of leukapheresis procedures. The search for the optimum methods of donor management may improve the acceptability of this procedure and increase the number of allogeneic transplantations from PBPCs.     

低剂量rhG-CSF对56例非血缘供者外周造血干细胞动员

本研究观察低剂量人重组粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)对非血缘健康供者的影响,探讨用于中华造血干细胞捐赠者资料库提供的非血缘健康供者外周造血干细胞动员方案。56例非血缘健康供者接受rhG-CSF 5μg/(kg.d)皮下注射,在动员第4、5两天或第5、6两天采集干细胞,观察动员效果及不良反应,检测动员前后血常规指标、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+和CD20+细胞比例;对采集物进行单个核细胞(MNC)和CD34+细胞计数;对所有供者随访至2006年5月31日。结果显示:在rhG-CSF动员过程中出现1级毒副作用(按WHO分级标准):腰背酸痛17.9%(10/56)、焦虑失眠8.9%(5/56)、疲乏4.5%(3/56)等,无需特殊处理,无需终止动员。第4、5两天采集和第5、6两天采集所得的MNC分别是(5.95±1.52)×108/kg和(7.19±2.12)×108/kg;CD34+细胞分别是(3.03±1.09)×106/kg和(7.92±2.50)×106/kg。血红蛋白水平、血小板量、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD20百分比动员前后无变化。结论:5μg/(kg.d)rhG-CSF用于非血缘健康供者的动员是安全而有效的。     

Factors affecting PBSC mobilization and collection in healthy donors.

Peripheral blood stem cells are widely used as stem cell source for allografting. Progenitor cells can be effectively mobilized into peripheral blood in majority of healthy donors with a brief administration of G-CSF. A mobilization course in 111 donors (median age 40years) was retrospectively studied and the factors influencing the efficacy of mobilization were analyzed. The median number of CD34+ cells per kg recipient weight 5.1x10(6) was obtained after a median of two aphereses. The target cell dose (4.0x10(6)/kg) was reached in 69% of donors. Circulating CD34+ count and CD34+ yield were negatively associated with donor's age. Other independent factors associated with superior yield were precollection platelet and WBC counts. In multivariate analysis only CD34+ precount predicted for CD34+ yield. G-CSF had an acceptable short-term safety profile. Our data confirm that apheresis is a safe procedure in healthy including aged donors and suggest that older donors could be poorer mobilizers than younger.     

Harvesting peripheral blood progenitor cells from healthy donors with a short course of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor

A short-course administration of non-glycosylated granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was investigated in 68 healthy donors (HDs) in order to collect > or = 4 x 10(6) CD34+ cells per kilogram of recipient's body weight. G-CSF was given at 10 microg/kg per day administered in two divided doses for 3 days. Leukapheresis was scheduled on day 4, 12 h after the last dose of G-CSF. A median of 35.6 circulating CD34+ cells microL(-1) (range, 3.1-185) was found on the day of leukapheresis. This allowed a median collection of CD34+ cells of 4.2 x 10(6) per kilogram of recipient's weight (range, 1.0-17.4). One single procedure was sufficient to reach the target level of CD34+ cells in 36 (53%) of 68 donors; significant correlations were found between the number of CD34+ cells collected on day 4 and the patient's sex, body-weight and volume of blood processed. A retrospective analysis was made with a historical group of HDs collected on day 5. The day 5 schedule allowed a more consistent achievement of the target cell dose with one leukapheresis (P = 0.005) and resulted in the initial collection of a significantly larger number of CD34+ cells (P = 0.006).     

Second mobilization and collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells in healthy donors is associated with lower CD34(+) cell yields

We have retrospectively evaluated the results of two cycles of mobilization and collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) from 46 healthy donors included in the Spanish National Donor Registry. Mobilization involved the administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at a median dose of 10 microg/kg per day, and apheresis was begun after the fourth dose of G-CSF in both cycles. The median interval between both mobilizations was 187 days (range, 7-1428 days). The incidence and types of side-effects were similar after both donations, with 25 and 26 donors developing some toxicity after the first and second donations, respectively. The median number of CD34(+) cells collected was higher after the first mobilization than after the second (5.15 versus 3.16 x 10(6)/kg, respectively; p = 0.05), and 29 donors yielded fewer CD34(+) cells after the second mobilization (p = 0.018). A lower proportion of donors yielded CD34(+) cell counts >4 x 10(6)/kg after the second cycle than after the first (52% versus 76%, respectively; p = 0.057). Our study shows that second rounds of PBPC collection from normal donors are well tolerated but are associated with a significantly reduced number of CD34(+) cells collected when the same mobilization scheme is used.     

Addition of plerixafor to G-CSF in poor mobilizing healthy related donors overcame mobilization failure: An observational case series on behalf of the Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético (GETH)

Plerixafor (Mozobil, Sanofi) is approved for using in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma when steady-state mobilization strategies fail. Although off-label use of plerixafor in healthy related donors (HRD) is known, limited data are available and no recommendations exist to guide its use in this setting. With the aim of collecting data from HRDs who received plerixafor in our country, we designed an observational case series study within the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Transplant and Cell Therapy (GETH). Plerixafor was administered subcutaneously to 30 HRDs at a median dose of 0.24 mg/Kg (interquartile range (IQR): 0.23?0.25) because mobilization failure after using mobilization with G-CSF (mobilization failure was defined as collection of <4.0 × 10⁶ CD34+ cells/Kg recipient). All HRDs received G-CSF at a median dose of 11 μg/Kg/day (IQR: 10–12) for 4–5 days. Leukocytapheresis after G-CSF mobilization was performed in 23 (77 %) HRDs collecting a median of 1.6 × 10⁶ CD34+ cells/Kg recipient weight (IQR: 0.9–2.5). Addition of plerixafor allowed the collection of a higher median number of CD34 cells (4.98 × 10⁶ CD34+ cells/Kg recipient weight (IQR: 3.5–5.8)) when compared with the collection of CD34+ cells with G-CSF alone (p < 0.01). The final median total number of CD34+ cells collected was 6.1 × 10⁶/Kg recipient weight (IQR: 4.8–7.3). Mild adverse events related with plerixafor administration were reported in 8 (27 %) donors. In conclusion, addition of plerixafor after G-CSF mobilization failure in HRDs allowed collecting higher number of CD34+ cells in comparison with steady-state mobilization.     

Effect of filgrastim administration for steady-state mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells.

To obtain a better (optimal) schedule of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection by steady-state granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administrations for autologous or allogeneic transplantations, we compared the effect of doses of filgrastim (8 microg/kg/day versus 16 microg/kg/day) for the steady-state mobilization of PBSCs. The effects of a filgrastim dose of 8 microg/kg/day were not significantly different from those of a dose of 16 microg/kg/day. In the group of patients receiving 8 microg/kg/day, the CD34+ cells over 3 x 10(6)/kg donor body weight were harvested in 3 patients who did not have a long history of receiving combination chemotherapy. The administration of 8 microg/kg filgrastim was adopted also for allogeneic PBSC mobilization for 24 healthy donors. All healthy donors donated an adequate number of PBSCs (CD34+ cells over 4 x 10(6)/kg of recipient body weight) and tolerated this mobilization well with no serious complications. In PBSC mobilization with healthy donors, the maximal yields of CD34+ cells from Day 4 to Day 6 were seen on the fifth day in most cases.     

Stem cell mobilization by G-CSF in solid and hematological malignancies: single daily dose is better than split dose in obese patients

In the past, variable results were reported for single daily and two divided daily doses of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in stem cell collection where no study exists investigating the effect of body mass index (BMI) on mobilization. The numbers of CD34(+) cells collected were compared in 86 patients with solid or hematological malignancies receiving either single daily (14 mug/kg/day) G-CSF (filgrastim) as group I (n=36) or two divided doses of G-CSF daily (2 x 7 mug/kg/day) as group II (n = 50). Both groups were divided into subgroups according to their BMI as group a (BMI 25 kg/m(2)). Two groups were similar in terms of BMI, gender, and disease characteristics. All patients have received G-CSF as a single or two divided doses subcutaneously and aphereses have been done on the 5th day. No significant difference in numbers of CD34(+) cells between groups Ia and Ib, groups IIa and IIb, and groups Ia and IIa was found. On the other hand, the mean ratio and the number of CD34(+) cells in group Ib were significantly higher than those of group IIb (0.58 +/- 0.06% vs. 0.37 +/- 0.26%, P = 0.01 and 3.67 +/- 0.65 x 10(4)/kg/ml vs. 1.92 +/- 0.37 x 10(4)/kg/ml, P= 0.02). In conclusion, in patients with BMI >25 kg/m(2), once daily G-CSF compared to split dose administration induces a greater number of CD34(+) stem cell mobilization, which suggests the presence of a different pharmacokinetics in obese patients.     

Second donation of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells: risk factors associated with a low yield of CD34+ cells

BACKGROUND: There are still limited data on the efficacy and safety of repeated donations of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for allogeneic transplantation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixty-seven healthy donors undergoing two consecutive mobilizations of PBPCs within a median interval of 5 months (range, 0.1-47 months) were investigated. For both first mobilization (FM) and second mobilization (SM), G-CSF (lenograstim) at 7.5 microg per kg per day was administered. RESULTS: The nonhematologic side effects were comparable between both mobilizations. A significantly lower yield of CD34+ cells x 10(6) per kg of donor weight was obtained on Day 5 of SM in female (n = 31; FM, 5.0; SM, 3.23; p = 0.008) but not in male (n = 36; FM, 5.96; SM, 5.36; p = 0.24) donors. Multivariate analysis identified a lower CD34+ blood concentration on Day 5 of FM (p < 0.001) as well as female sex (p = 0.015) as independent risk factors for a lower yield of progenitor cells, whereas donor age and body mass index, interval between donations, and schedule of G-CSF application showed no significant impact. CONCLUSION: The identified risk factors allow the estimation of the efficacy of a SM in an individual donor before G-CSF administration, thus avoiding distress to both the donor and the recipient.     

The dose of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor after chemopriming treatment does not influence apheresis yield of progenitor cells: a retrospective study of 91 cases

BACKGROUND: The optimal dose of post-chemotherapy granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration before peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collection has not been determined as yet, although 5 microg per kg per day has been recommended as the standard dose. This study retrospectively analyzed the effect of G-CSF dose on peripheral blood CD34+ cell collection from 91 patients with hematologic malignancies. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Various doses of G-CSF were administered after several chemotherapeutic PBPC mobilization regimens. According to the dose of G-CSF administered, patients were assigned to two groups. Group 1 included 46 patients who received a low dose of G-CSF (median, 3.6 [range, 2.8-4.6] microg/kg/day). Group 2 included 45 patients who received a standard G-CSF dose of 6.0 (5.5-8. 1) microg per kg per day. Patients in the two groups were matched for age, diagnosis, previous therapy, and chemotherapeutic PBPC mobilization regimens. RESULTS: No difference was observed in the median number of CD34+ cells harvested from each group.The number of leukapheresis procedures necessary to obtain a minimum of 3 x 10(6) CD34+ cells per kg was the same in both groups, and the percentage of patients who failed to achieve adequate PBPC collections was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The administration of low-dose G-CSF after chemotherapy appears equivalent to administration of the standard dose in achieving satisfactory PBPC collection.This approach could allow significant savings in medical cost. A randomized and prospective study is necessary, however, to assess the validity of these conclusions.