早期胃癌淋巴结转移潜在危险因素分析

目的:探讨影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的潜在危险因素,指导胃癌淋巴结清扫术(D1或D2)的合理应用。方法:回顾性分析1995年3月—2010年6月经手术治疗的336例早期胃癌患者的临床病理资料,对影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的潜在危险因素进行单因素及多因素分析。结果:早期胃癌淋巴结转移与性别(P=0.010)、年龄(P=0.013)、肿瘤部位(P=0.042)、有无合并溃疡(P=0.001)、浸润深度(P<0.0001)、有无脉管癌栓(P<0.0001)有关,合并有溃疡(P=0.012)、浸润至黏膜下层(P=0.008)及有脉管癌栓(P=0.001)是淋巴结转移的独立性危险因素;黏膜内癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤部位(P=0.007)及大小(P=0.010)有关,肿瘤直径>20mm(P=0.041)是黏膜内癌淋巴结转移的独立性危险因素。结论:合并有溃疡、浸润至黏膜下层及有脉管癌栓的早期胃癌患者进行手术时,建议行淋巴结清扫(D2)术;肿瘤直径>20mm黏膜内癌也要考虑行淋巴结清扫(D2)术。     

早期远端胃印戒细胞癌淋巴结转移的危险因素分析及外科手术指征探讨

目的研究早期远端胃印戒细胞癌淋巴结转移的危险因素,进一步分析其外科手术指征。方法回顾性分析2013年3月至2018年11月期间在苏州大学附属第一医院普外科接受外科根治手术且术后病理学检查证实为远端胃印戒细胞癌的91例早期胃癌患者的临床资料,收集患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤最大径、病灶数量、浸润深度、肿瘤大体外观、脉管癌栓、合并溃疡等数据,探索发生淋巴结转移的危险因素,进一步分析外科手术指征。结果91例早期远端胃印戒细胞癌均接受了外科根治性手术,其中淋巴结转移10例。单因素分析结果显示,肿瘤最大径(χ^2=5.631,P=0.025)、浸润深度(χ^2=4.389,P=0.016)、病灶数量(χ^2=5.615,P=0.023)及脉管癌栓(χ^2=22.500,P=0.001)均与早期远端胃印戒细胞癌的淋巴结转移有关。多因素分析结果显示,肿瘤最大径(OR=3.675,P=0.012)、浸润深度(OR=3.886,P=0.015)及脉管癌栓(OR=8.711,P<0.001)是早期远端胃印戒细胞癌发生淋巴结转移的影响因素,肿瘤最大径≥2 cm、浸润至黏膜下层及有脉管癌栓的患者有更高的淋巴结转移率。结论肿瘤最大径≥2 cm、浸润至黏膜下层及存在脉管癌栓的早期远端胃印戒细胞癌患者有更高的淋巴结转移风险;满足肿瘤最大径≥2 cm和存在脉管癌栓中任何1项条件者均可能需接受外科根治性手术。     

早期胃癌淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的探讨早期胃癌病人淋巴结转移的危险因素,以期为临床治疗方案的选择提供依据。方法回顾性分析我院2010年1月至2013年12月期间收治的早期胃癌病人的临床病理特征与淋巴结转移规律关系。结果共89例早期胃癌病人纳入研究分析,所有病人淋巴结转移率为14.6%(13/89)。肿瘤大体类型分为隆起型、表浅型、凹陷型,其淋巴结转移率分别为10.0%、5.6%及22.0%,各型间淋巴结转移率差异有统计学意义(P =0.000);黏膜内癌与黏膜下癌淋巴结转移率分别为4.9%(2/41)及22.9%(11/48),二者间差异有统计学意义(P =0.016);高分化良好型早期胃癌无淋巴结转移,中分化及低分化早期胃癌淋巴结转移分别为10.3%(3/29)、18.5%(10/54),差异有统计学意义(P =0.000);6例病人伴有脉管癌栓,其中4例发生淋巴结转移。Logistic 回归多因素分析结果显示：肿瘤大体类型、分化程度、浸润深度及脉管癌栓对淋巴结转移具有显著性影响(P <0.05),其比值比(OR)值分别为4.7、3.2、15.1和5.7。病人性别、年龄、肿瘤部位等与淋巴结转移无相关性。结论早期胃癌病人淋巴结转移率低,其转移与否同肿瘤大体类型、浸润深度、分化程度以及脉管癌栓密切相关。     

早期胃癌淋巴结转移的影响因素分析

目的探索早期胃癌淋巴结转移的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2016年1月期间在笔者所在医院接受手术治疗的187例早期胃癌患者的临床资料,探索年龄、性别、肿瘤位置、肿瘤直径、肿瘤数目、浸润深度、组织学类型、大体形态、脉管浸润及局部溃疡与淋巴结转移的关系。结果本组187例早期胃癌患者中,检测出淋巴结转移32例(17.1%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,早期胃癌患者的淋巴结转移与肿瘤直径(OR=2.080,P=0.022)、浸润深度(OR=21.048,P=0.001)、组织学类型(OR=3.507,P=0.018)、脉管浸润(OR=2.406,P=0.009)及局部溃疡(OR=2.738,P=0.001)均有关,肿瘤直径2 cm、浸润深度达黏膜下层、组织学类型为未分化型、存在脉管浸润及存在局部溃疡者的淋巴结转移率较高。结论肿瘤直径、浸润深度、组织学类型、脉管浸润和局部溃疡均是淋巴结转移的影响因素。     

早期胃癌淋巴结转移相关危险因素研究

目的 探讨早期胃癌淋巴结转移危险因素。方法 回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院自2008年1月至2015年1月手术治疗（开放手术或腹腔镜手术）112例早期胃癌病人临床病理学资料,采用Logistic回归模型进行研究。结果 多因素分析示,年龄、浸润深度、组织学类型、脉管内瘤栓与淋巴结转移存在相关性。分层分析示,年龄＜60岁、侵犯黏膜下层、分化不良且合并脉管内瘤栓者更易出现淋巴结转移。结论 年龄、浸润深度、组织学类型及脉管内瘤栓是淋巴结转移的危险因素;年龄≥60岁、肿瘤局限于黏膜内、分化型且无脉管内瘤栓者可行单纯内镜下切除,具有以上高危因素者,建议根据具体情况加行淋巴结清扫术。     

影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的多因素分析

目的探讨早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的临床病理因素。方法回顾性分析1999年1月至2008年6月间行D2手术的369例早期胃癌患者的病例资料,对其年龄、性别、肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、脉管瘤栓、肿瘤大体类型和分化程度与淋巴结转移的关系进行Logistic回归多因素分析。结果影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的主要因素有患者的性别、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、脉管瘤栓和肿瘤分化类型,其中肿瘤大小和浸润深度是主要的独立危险因素（P〈0.01）。结论对早期胃癌患者,手术方案的选择需综合患者肿瘤大小、浸润深度、脉管瘤栓、分化程度和性别等因素来制定。     

早期胃癌淋巴结转移规律的探讨

目的 研究早期胃癌淋巴结转移的规律.方法 对青岛大学医学院附属医院2001年7月至2007年7月期间手术治疗的177例早期胃癌的临床病例资料进行Logistic回归分析.结果 本组177例早期胃癌的淋巴结转移率为13%,第一站(N1)和第二站(N2)的转移率分别为13%和3%.单因素分析发现,黏膜内癌和黏膜下癌的淋巴结转移率分别为3%(3/88)和22%(20/89)(X2=14.222,P<0.01);肿瘤长径小于2cm和2cm以上的胃癌的淋巴结转移率分别为3%(4/117)和32%(19/60)(X2=27.992,P<0.01);分化型胃癌与未分化型胃癌的淋巴结转移率分别为4%(3/81)和21%(20/96)(X2=11.402,P=0.001);大体分型I型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型淋巴结转移率分别为33%(2/6)、8%(7/99)和19%(14/92)(X2=8.172,P=0.014).Logistic回归分析提示,肿瘤长径大于2cm(OR=8.408,P<0.01)、侵及黏膜下层(OR=5.926,P=0.009)和未分化型胃癌(OR=4.880,P=0.020)为早期胃癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.结论 早期胃癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤浸润深度、肿瘤长径和肿瘤分化程度有关.     

早期胃癌临床病理学特征与预后的关系

目的:探讨和总结早期胃癌的临床病理学特征及其与病人预后间的关系,分析早期胃癌的淋巴结转移规律,为微创治疗、缩小手术提供依据。方法:采用单因素及多因素的分析法,回顾分析2003年1月至2008年9月仁济医院普外科接受手术治疗的231例早期胃癌病人的临床及病理学资料。结果:单因素分析显示,肿瘤大小、浸润深度及淋巴结转移程度与早期胃癌的预后相关;多因素分析提示,淋巴结转移是早期胃癌预后的独立性危险因素。单发早期胃癌的淋巴结转移率为15.6%(36/231),黏膜内癌淋巴结转移率为5.7%(4/70),黏膜下癌淋巴结转移率为19.9%(32/161)。Logistic回归分析提示,肿瘤直径>2 cm(P=0.038,OR=1.351)和肿瘤浸润至黏膜下层(P=0.027,OR=3.635)是淋巴结转移的独立危险因子。本研究中,无淋巴结转移的早期胃癌病人,其术后3年生存率为98.6%,显著优于有淋巴结转移者(P2 cm、肿瘤浸润至黏膜下层是早期胃癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因子;术前应用影像学技术评估早期胃癌淋巴结转移情况有助于选择合理的治疗方案。     

Siewert Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌淋巴结转移规律及预后分析

目的 探讨Siewert Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌淋巴结转移规律及预后分析.方法 选取2013年7月-2017年3月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院普外科接受根治性手术并具有完整临床资料的Siewert Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌患者65例,主要研究指标为性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、大体类型、组织学类型、浸润深度、手术方式、脉管内癌栓、癌结节;采用Logistic回归模型分析淋巴结转移危险因素,Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析.出院后通过门诊、电话等方式随访,随访截至2017年4月.结果 所有患者淋巴结转移率为63.1％(41/65),各组淋巴结转移中,以第1、2、3、7、11和110组淋巴结转移频次最高,转移率分别为45.3％、32.5％、28.8％、22.5％、19.4％和8.2％;肿瘤最大径＜2 cm淋巴结转移率为0,肿瘤最大径≥2 cm淋巴结转移率为71.9％(P=0.000);早期癌(T1)和进展期癌(T2 ～T4)淋巴结转移率分别为0、12.5％、69.0％和95.2％(P=0.000);分化型淋巴结转移率为45.2％,低于未分化型淋巴结转移率79.4％ (P =0.009);33例患者合并脉管内瘤栓,其中28例(84.8％)伴有淋巴结转移(P=0.001);多因素分析显示,组织学类型及脉管瘤栓是影响Siewert Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.65例患者均获得随访,术后随访1 ～45个月,平均18.81个月.生存分析显示,无淋巴结转移者3年总体生存率较合并淋巴结转移者差异无统计学意义(P=0.167),但较合并淋巴结转移者存在生存优势;肿瘤分期对于3年总体生存率差异无统计学意义(P =0.429),但早期肿瘤较进展期肿瘤具有生存优势.结论 Siewert Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型食管胃结合部腺癌淋巴结转移主要与组织学类型及脉管内瘤栓相关;其中第1、2、3、7、11和110组淋巴结转移率高,因而建议行根治性全胃切除术、D2淋巴结清扫术及常规清扫第110组淋巴结或清扫纵隔及食管裂孔周围淋巴结,对于合并淋巴结转移及肿瘤分期晚者,远期预后仍有待进一步研究证实.     

292例早期胃癌淋巴结转移规律的研究

目的分析早期胃癌淋巴结转移规律,为合理选择手术方式提供依据。方法选择施行根治手术、临床病理资料完整、检取淋巴结总数在15枚以上的292例早期胃癌患者为研究对象,分析各站、号淋巴结转移率及其影响因素。结果所有患者淋巴结转移率为14．7％,其中黏膜内癌为6．4％,黏膜下癌为22．4％。多因素分析表明：浸润深度、淋巴管癌栓是影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。各站、号淋巴结转移率为：第Ⅰ站12．7％,频率由高到低依次为第6、3、4、1、5号淋巴结;第Ⅱ站7．2％,频率依次为第7、8a号淋巴结;第Ⅲ站0．34％。癌灶最大长径≤2．0cm伴淋巴结转移的早期胃癌均为凹陷型;伴淋巴结转移的隆起型早期胃癌最大长径均≥3．0cm。结论癌灶最大长径≤2．0cm、隆起型、黏膜内癌应行缩小手术;癌灶最大长径≤3．0cm的凹陷型或〉3．0cm的隆起型应行D1＋第7、8a号淋巴结清除术;对于〉3．0cm的凹陷型癌应选择标准根治术（D2）为宜。     

Lymphatic involvement in early gastric cancer: prevalence and prognosis in France

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is considered better than that of invasive gastric carcinoma, with a 5-year survival rate of more than 90% after surgery. The prevalence of lymph node metastasis in EGC ranges from 8% to 20% and is associated with a poor prognosis. HYPOTHESIS: The main prognostic factor of EGC in patients in France is lymphatic involvement. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: From January 1979 to December 1988, 332 patients with EGC were operated on in 23 centers of 2 of the French Associations for Surgical Research. Clinical, pathological, and therapeutic data were reviewed, and the reckoning point was in June 1996. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The cumulative 5- and 7-year specific survival rates of EGC with or without lymphatic involvement. RESULTS: The cumulative 5- and 7-year specific survival rates of 332 patients with EGC (mean follow-up time, 80 months), excluding both operative and unrelated mortality, were 92% and 87.5%, respectively. Thirty-four patients (10.2%) had metastatic lymphatic spread: 13 exclusively in the lymphatic vessels close to the tumor, 17 in at least 1 lymph node, and 4 in both the lymphatic vessels and nodes. The rate of lymph node involvement (regardless of lymphatic vessel involvement) correlated significantly with submucosal invasion (P =. 05) and histologic undifferentiation (P =.03). Lymphatic vessel involvement correlated positively with lymph node involvement (P =. 003). Since 5- and 7-year survival rates of the 13 patients with EGC who had lymphatic vessel involvement without lymph node involvement did not differ significantly from those of patients who had EGC with lymph node involvement (85% and 84% vs 72% and 63%, respectively [P =.42]), all patients with lymph node and/or lymphatic vessel involvement were considered unique. Prognosis was poorest in these patients according to both univariate analysis (94% for 298 without node or vessel involvement vs 78% for 34 with node and/or vessel involvement; P =.006) and multivariate analysis (P =.01). Submucosal invasion was a prognostic factor independent of lymphatic involvement (P =.05). Five- and 7-year survival rates did not differ when the group of 211 patients for whom less than 15 lymph nodes were retrieved were compared with those (n = 51) for whom 15 or more lymph nodes were retrieved (95.5% vs 92% and 95.5% vs 88%, respectively), whether according to univariate (P =.21) or multivariate (P =.31) analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that both lymph node and lymphatic vessel involvement are important prognostic factors in patients with EGC. Lymphadenectomy in EGC is important to identify the high-risk population for whom prognosis is worse. The extent of lymphadenectomy (at least 15 nodes) in these patients, however, does not alter prognosis.     

黏膜内早期胃癌淋巴结转移相关因素分析

目的 探讨黏膜内早期胃癌淋巴结转移的相关临床病理因素,为早期胃癌的个体化治疗提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2006年6月至2011年10月间在复旦大学附属中山医院接受根治性切除术并经病理证实的498例黏膜内早期胃癌患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析来评估影响黏膜内早期胃癌淋巴结转移的危险因素.结果 498例患者中有43例(8.6％)发生淋巴结转移.病灶大小(HR =1.525,95％ CI:1.040～2.236)、肿瘤侵犯深度(HR=1.656,95％CI:1.158～2.368)和组织学类型(HR =8.149,95％CI:1.770～37.513)是影响黏膜内早期胃癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.结论 根据临床病理因素可对黏膜内早期胃癌的淋巴结转移进行预测并指导治疗方案的制订.     

Endoscopic treatment or surgery for undifferentiated early gastric cancer?

BACKGROUND: Although almost all (96%) the surgical cases of undifferentiated intramucosal early gastric cancer (EGC) have been found not to have lymph node metastasis (LNM), local treatment by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is not accepted as an alternative treatment to surgery for this type of EGC. If a subgroup of patients with undifferentiated EGC with negligible risk of LNM can be defined, unnecessary surgery can be avoided. This study was conducted to determine this subgroup among undifferentiated EGC patients in whom the risk of LNM can be highly ruled out in an attempt to identify candidates who can be treated by EMR. METHODS: Data from 175 patients surgically resected for undifferentiated EGC were retrospectively collected, and clinicopathological factors were multivariately analyzed to identify predictive factors for LNM. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two independent risk factors for LNM, namely, a large tumor (>/=20 mm, P = 0.011) and presence of lymphatic involvement (P = 0.0005). Using these two risk factors as the predictive factors, LNM was observed in 5.8% of patients who had neither of the two predictive factors, whereas 23.1% or 13.1% of patients with one or two predictive factors had LNM, respectively. In contrast, the LNM rate was calculated to be 60% in patients who had both factors. Lymph node metastasis was not found in any of 6 patients with small intramucosal lesions (<10 mm) without lymphatic involvement. CONCLUSIONS: An intramucosal undifferentiated EGC that is smaller than 10 mm without lymphatic involvement can safely be treated by EMR alone, given the negligible possibility of LNM. When histological examination of endoscopically resected specimens shows lymphatic involvement or unexpectedly larger tumor size than that determined at pre-EMR endoscopic diagnosis, an additional surgical procedure should be considered.     

食管癌淋巴结转移特点及其危险因素

目的 探讨食管癌淋巴结转移情况及其危险因素,为外科手术行淋巴结清扫提供参考。方法回顾总结2006年1月至2010年12月在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科行三野淋巴结清扫食管癌根治术308例患者的临床资料．分析淋巴结的转移规律及特点。结果308例患者平均清扫淋巴结（35．6±14．5）枚,197例（64％）患者出现淋巴结转移。Logistic单因素分析结果显示,脉管（淋巴管及血管）侵犯（P=0．019）及肿瘤浸润深度（P〈0．001）是发生淋巴结转移的危险因素。各站淋巴结中,胸部气管旁淋巴结转移率最高（25．0％）。上段食管癌腹部淋巴结转移率显著低于中段或下段食管癌（P=0．001）,而各段食管癌颈胸部淋巴结转移率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。颈胸部和颈胸腹部淋巴结转移率分别为14．6％和11．0％,而颈腹部和胸腹部则分别为3．6％和4．9％。脉管侵犯（P〈0．001）和胸部气管旁淋巴结转移（P=0．014）是食管癌发生颈部淋巴结转移的危险因素。结论食管癌淋巴结转移具有上、下双向和跳跃性的特点．胸部气管旁淋巴结转移可作为行颈部淋巴结清扫的指征。     

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??Study on related risk factors and prognosis for lymph node metastasis in patients with early gastric cancer YIN Jie, CAI Jun, ZHANG Jun, et al.Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050,China
Corresponding author: Zhang Zhong-tao, E-mail??zhangzht@medmail.com.cn
Abstract Objective The purpose of study was to analyze the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). Methods This study retrospectively reviewed 112 patients who underwent surgery. The clinical characteristics and pathological features were analyzed by using chi-square and binary logistic regression. Results Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, depth of infiltration, neoplasms histologic type and lymphatic embolus were independent risk factors for LNM. Further study has showed that no LNM was observed for patients with mucous cancer, who were over 60 years old and with a highly differentiated tumor without lymphatic embolus. However, LNM would occured if the neoplasms infiltrated within the submucous layer. Conclusion LNM of EGC is related with age, depth of infiltration, histological type of tumor and lymphatic embolus. Therefore, we believed that endoscopic En-bloc dissection might be considered as the surgical treatment for patients with over 60 years old and highly differentiated tumor which invaded mucous layer without lymphatic embolus. With respect to the patients with high risk factors, we recommend that appropriate lymphadenectomy was conducted according to the specific situation.     

Indication for endoscopic mucosal resection in early signet ring cell gastric cancer

Background The aim of this study was to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of an early signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC) with an early undifferentiated carcinoma (mucinous, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma) and early differentiated carcinoma (well or moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma) and find indications for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in early SRC. Methods 1520 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC), who underwent a curative gastrectomy, were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 388 patients with SRC were compared with 253 patients with undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) and 879 with a differentiated carcinoma (DC). Results SRC was more common in young female patients than UDC. SRC had a tendency to be confined to the mucosa, with smaller size than UDC. The lymph node metastasis rate for SRC was lower than that for UDC, but similar to that of DC. Multivariate analysis revealed lymph node metastasis (LNM) to be associated with the depth of invasion, tumor size, histological type, and lymphatic involvement. SRC had no LNM in the case of a mucosal tumor, smaller than 2cm, and in the absence of lymphatic involvement. The prognosis of SRC was more favorable than UDC. Conclusions Early SRC has different characteristics from early UDC. In view of the lower rate of lymph node metastasis and better prognosis, we suggest that EMR can be performed on patients with early SRC limited to the mucosa, less than 2cm in size, and with no lymphatic involvement.     

T2期直肠癌淋巴结转移相关影响因素

目的探讨影响T2期直肠癌淋巴结转移的临床病理因素。方法回顾分析福建医科大学附属第一医院2006年3月至2011年1月间行根治性切除的122例T2期直肠癌患者的临床资料,分析影响其淋巴结转移的相关临床病理因素。结果122例T2期直肠癌患者中有26例（21．3％）发生淋巴结转移。单因素分析显示,肿瘤距肛缘距离（P〈0.05）、大体类型（P〈0.05）、组织类型（P〈0．01）、分化程度（P〈0．05）及肿瘤浸润深度（P〈0．05）与T2期直肠癌淋巴结转移有关。多因素分析显示,肿瘤浸润深度是影响T2期直肠癌淋巴结转移的独立因素（P〈0.05）;直肠癌浸润浅肌层和深肌层者淋巴结转移率分别为13．0％（7／54）和27．9％（19／68）。结论对于局限于浅肌层的L期直肠癌,因其淋巴结转移率较低,可考虑行经肛局部切除手术。     

Intramucosal-lymphatic invasion has a slight impact on lymph node metastasis in patients with early gastric cancer

Surgery Today - Lymphatic invasion (LI) is associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and a poor prognosis in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). Although the impact of the LI volume on LNM...