Spectinomycin as initial treatment for gonorrhoea

The prevalence of penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae at this hospital increased exponentially from less than 0.5% in 1978 to 6.5% of all isolates in 1982. In January 1983 first line treatment for uncomplicated heterosexual anogenital gonorrhoea was therefore changed from ampicillin and probenecid to spectinomycin. This subsequently cured 95% of cases seen at the Praed Street Clinic. Although there was an initial fall in the monthly isolation rate of penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae after the introduction of spectinomycin, this was not maintained. The exponential increase in the prevalence of the strain did slow in 1983, rising to only 8.7%. This, however, may have reflected a general decline in the rate of increase of penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae throughout Britain. The failure to influence the prevalence of penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae to any great degree may have been due in part to spectinomycin resistance in both penicillinase producing and non-penicillinase-producing N gonorrhoeae. All of the isolates appeared identical, apart from the presence of the 4.4 megadalton plasmid in penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae, but they could not be linked epidemiologically. Changing treatment in only one of the many venereal diseases clinics in London, where patients have open access to all such clinics, is unlikely to affect the prevalence of penicillinase producing N gonorrhoeae. This has probably been more important than spectinomycin resistance in limiting the effectiveness of spectinomycin in reducing the prevalence of the strain.     

Gonococcal drug resistance and treatment of gonorrhoea in Nairobi

The in vitro antibiotic sensitivities of 108 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from a Nairobi clinic were determined by the agar dilution method. The results indicate that the majority of gonococci were relatively resistant to penicillin (86%) and to tetracycline (85%). By using the relationship between the in vitro antibiotic sensitivity of gonococci and treatment failure of gonorrhea in US patients, we predict that the minimum treatment failure rate for the gonorrhea treatment schemes used in the US would be 5.6% for aqueous procaine penicillin G, 4.8 megaunits intramuscularly together with 1.0 g probenecid by mouth; 6.9% for oral tetracycline HC1, given 500 mg 4 times daily for 5 days; 10.4% for a single oral dose of ampicillin, 3.5 g together with 1.0 g of oral probenecid; and 6.2% for a single dose of spectinomycin, 2.0 g intramuscularly. Gonococcal drug resistance and morbidity will likely continue to increase in Kenya in the absence of a gonorrhea control program.     

诺氟沙星泡腾栓治疗女性淋病的临床疗效观察

应用诺氟沙星泡腾栓和青霉素对女性淋病进行疗效对比观察。结果表明诺氟沙星泡腾栓治愈率为100％,而青霉素为71％。使用诺氟沙星泡腾栓后形成的大量泡沫,能增加药物的吸收表面积,克服普通栓剂在阴道给药时充盈不好的缺点。     

One-session treatment of gonorrhoea in males with procaine penicillin plus probenecid

Six hundred and thirteen male patients with acute uncomplicated gonorrhoea have been treated alternately with single injections of 1·2 mega-units of aqueous procaine penicillin alone or with the same dose and preparation of penicillin with an additional 1·0 g of probenecid given orally immediately prior to injection.     

Single-dose antibiotic therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated anogenital gonorrhoea

Appropriate single-dose therapy will cure in excess of 95% of cases of uncomplicated anogenital gonorrhoea. Changes in the susceptibility of local isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, particularly the emergence of beta-lactamase producing (and therefore penicillin-resistant) strains, have necessitated the modification of standard treatment regimens. Different patterns of antibiotic resistance have been documented in different regions of Australia and therapeutic regimens that are appropriate for use in different regions are recommended.     

抑郁症的现代医学研究与治疗进展

抑郁症是临床常见的一种持续和严重的精神疾病,可与各系统疾病共存而加重疾病负担,其发病率逐年攀升,已成为重要的公共卫生问题。增加对抑郁症领域的重视程度,提高其临床诊断率及治疗率已势在必行。本文简要从抑郁症的流行病学特点、发病机制、治疗手段三个方面,对抑郁症现代研究的最新进展进行综述,以期为临床的诊治提供参考     

中药淋消宁治疗淋病后及非淋菌性尿道炎后综合征76例

1　对象和方法1.1　对象　门诊淋病后及非淋菌性尿道炎后综合征男性患者治疗组 76例 .其中 ,淋菌感染者 2 8例 ,支原体、衣原体感染者 41例 ,混合感染者 7例 ;年龄 17～ 5 3(平均 36 .5 )岁 ;平均病程 8.13mo.对照组 5 3例 ,淋菌 2 1例 ,支原体、衣原体感染者 2 8例 ,混合感染者 4例 ,年龄 2 0～ 47(平均 34 .5 )岁 ;平均病程 7.1mo.淋病后及非淋菌性尿道炎后综合征的诊断标准 [1 ] :1有明确的不洁性交史 ,曾有明显的尿路感染症状 ,病原体检查 :淋球菌或沙眼衣原体、支原体呈阳性 ,且感染病程在 2 mo以内 ,已经过正规抗生素治疗 ,病原体检查…     

急性腰扭伤现代推拿疗法从腹论治思路探讨

急性腰扭伤为临床常见疼痛性疾病,以发病突然,患者感触痛苦且活动受限为主要临床特点。由于急性腰扭伤急性期的局部按摩限制,为探寻安全有效的治病思路,在观察临床治疗以及相关书籍中发现,腰腹部之间在功能及解剖上都有着密切关联。继而初步总结出急性腰扭伤从腹部论治的重要性以及可行性。故拟从腹论治治之,并探讨本法在治疗急性腰扭伤中的具体应用以及作用机制,为临床推拿手法从腹论治急性腰扭伤提供更加具体的理论依据以及靶向性诊疗思路。