Gastric cancer induced by N—methyl—N‘—nitro—N—nitrosoguanidine in rat with ulcers and expressions of ras and c—erbB2 genes

Objective:To observe the series of pathological changes during the development of gastric adenocarcinoma in ulcerative rats induced by N-methyl-N‘-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG),and the expression profile of related oncogenic protein.Methods:MNNG was administered in rats with ulcers due to acetic acid treatment to induce gastric cancer,and the protein expressions of ras and c-erbB2 genes in the ulcer were examined immunohistochemically along with pathological examination.Results:The incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in the model group reaches 40%(6/15),while none of the rats developed cancer in the control group with ulcers.Postiive expressions of the proteins of p21 ras and c-erbB2 were observed in the tissues undergoing canceration in the 6 rats of model group,but were not observed in the 5 control rats;p53 protein expression,however,failed to be detected in both groups.Conclusion:A new animal model of gastric cancer has been established in rats with gastric ulcer after MNNG treatment,which may facilitate the pharmacological reserach of gastric cancer.     

Recent advances in molecular biology of gastric carcinogenesis

Gastric cancer is a major health care problem and the second most common fatal cancer worldwide. In the last decade, better insight has been gained into the molecular basis underlying the neoplasitc transformation of stomach. The dramatic variation in the incidence of gastric cancer in different geographical areas and from one generation to the next have led to the hypothesis that the incidence of gastric cancer is determined largely by environmental rather than genetic factors.     

多环芳烃接触者P21蛋白跟踪研究

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs),first determined as a sort of chemical carcinogen, can exist in chemical substance such as coal tar pitch (CTP) and coke oven volatiles (COV). The carcinogenesis of PAHs has been confirmed by epidemiological studies among high risk population and animal experiments. The excessive mortality of lung cancer has been found in workers exposed to CTP and COV. Lung cancer can be induced in rats or mice with CTP by inspiring CTP fog or intratracheal instillations. The latest advance in the study of molecular biology has been applied to the fields of occupational cancer prevention and diagnosis. The study of the amount, effect, and injury of carcinogen with biomarkers has become one of the imporant methods for the early detection for occupational lung cancer.     

Recent advances in clinical research of hepatocellular carcinoma in China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the second cancer killer in rural areas and the third cancer killer in cities, has resulted in 110000 annual deaths in China, which amounts to 40% of liver cancer deaths in the world.     

Challenges and counter challenges in HIV/AIDS

Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, there has been significant progress in combating the virus.In addition to identifying HIV,1 scientists have developed an array of antiretroviral drugs and successfully converted the once deadly disease into a treatable and chronic condition.2 Nevertheless, this battle is far from over and HIV still outsmarts humans in multiple ways and poses tremendous challenges. Within this context, the Chinese Medical Journal has timely published this special issue on HIV/AIDS, highlighting the ongoing challenges posed by HIV and potential solutions to these problems.     

Primary tumor location in lung cancer: the evaluation and administration

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, which is classically subgrouped into two major histological types: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (85% of patients) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) (15%). Tumor location has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of various solid tumors. Several types of cancer often occur in a specific region and are more prone to spread to predilection locations, including colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, ga...     

Fighting against cancer by integrative medicine

Cancer,one of the leading causes of human death,has attracted more attention due to the complexity of etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.In the past two centuries,once the pathologist said"it is cancer",then every effort will be followed to eradicate cancer.Indeed,surgery,     

To explore the chinese medicine syndrome types and integrative therapy from clinical relative factors of patients with advanced prostate cancer

Current Situation and Problems of the Treatment in Advanced Prostate Cancer In recent years,the incidence of prostate cancer shows a rising trend in China with an increase of 70%and has been the first place in the growth rate of malignant tumor in the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer has become a serious threat to male senior's health.Because of the application of     

Tumor immune microenvironment-modulated nanostrategy for the treatment of lung cancer metastasis

As one of the most malignant tumors worldwide, lung cancer, fueled by metastasis, has shown rising mortality rates. However, effective clinical strategies aimed at preventing metastasis are lacking owing to its dynamic multi-step, complicated, and progressive nature. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating cancer metastasis by reversing the immunosuppressive network of the tumor microenvironment. However, drug resistance inevitably develops due to inadequate delivery of immunostimulants and ...     

Emerging mechanisms of ferroptosis and its implications in lung cancer

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has the highest number of deaths among all cancers. Despite continuous advances in medical strategies, the overall survival of lung cancer patients is still low, probably due to disease progression or drug resistance. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death triggered by the lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides, and its dysregulation is implicated in cancer development. Preclinical evidence has shown that targeting the...     

Comprehensive Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer by Integrative Traditional and Western Medicine

In recent 20 years, there has been an increasing trend in the incidence of pancreatic cancer both at home and abroad. An estimated 31 860 new cases and 31 270 deaths are expected to occur in the United States in 2004 due to this disease, the 4th and 5th leading cause of cancer death for men and women respectively. In China, new cases of pancreatic cancer continue to increase and are 6     

Fertility Preservation for Female

Introduction Over the past 30 years, the incidence of cancer in female has been increased by up to 20% while mortality rates have declined remarkably due to progress in cancer treatment. With aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy coupled with bone m…     

Detecting the epidermal growth factor receptors status in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer is one of the leading causes of all cancer deaths, but despite years of research, it is still difficult to predict the response and clinical outcome of the disease. In recent years, new treatment strategies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) have been developed. EGFR is one of the most frequently over expressed proteins in various cancers, including lung cancer, and signaling through this receptor has been known to cause tumor progression as well as resistance to different treatments. Therefore, EGFR has become an attractive target for various treatment strategies. However, it is important to note that not all patients with lung cancer are suitable for targeted treatment, and that patients should be selected for this treatment. Several studies have proven that the status of the EGFR can be both an indicator of suitability for treatment with, and predict the likelihood of response to EGFR targeted therapy. There are many standard techniques to be used for the detection of EGFR. This overview summarizes the ongoing and future investigations to determine the status of the EGFR.

     

Current Status and Progress in Gastric Cancer with Liver Metastasis—— A Review

Objective: This review discusses the current status and progress of gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM), involving: (1) the routes, subtypies and prognosis of GCLM (2) the related genes and molecules in its metastatic mechanism (3) the feasibility and value of each imaging modalities (4) the up-to-date treatment options. Data sources: The data used in this review were mainly from Medline and PubMed published in English from 2005 to August 2010. The search term was “gastric cancer” and “liver metastasis”. Study selection: Articles regarding the the characteristics, the diagnostic modalities and various therapeutic options of GCLM were selected. Results: The prognosis of GCLM is influenced by the clinicopathological characteristics of primary tumours as well as liver metastases. Improved understanding of related genes and molecules will lead to the development of early detection and targeted therapies. For the diagnosis of GCLM, each imaging modality has its relative benefits. However, for the therapeutic options, there is still no consensus statement. Conclusion: Early detection and characterization of liver metastases is crucial for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Multidisciplinary team discussions are required to design the optimal treatment strategy, which is tailored according to the clinicopathological characteristics of each patient.     

Overexpression of leptin and leptin receptors in breast cancer positively correlates with clinicopathological features

Obesity has been reported to increase postmenopausal breast cancer risk by 30% to 50%, and obese breast cancer patients have been shown to present more aggressive breast cancer pathological features As most breast cancers are sex hormone-dependent, adipocytokines derived from adipose tissue, such as leptin, may account for the positive association between obesity and breast cancer. Leptin, a 16-kDa protein product of the obese gene, was initially regarded as a neuroendocrine factor in the hypothalamus to maintain homeostasis of body weight by regulating food intake and energy expenditure.     

Accuracy of baseline low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is a more effective approach and has the potential to detect lung cancer more accurately. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to estimate the accuracy of population-based screening studies primarily assessing baseline LDCT screening for lung cancer.Methods: MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica Database, and Web of Science were searched for articles published up to April 10, 2022. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data of tr...     

The Changes in the Awareness of Cervical Cancer Prevention and the Acceptability of HPV Vaccines among Women after Their Introduction in China

<正>Cervical cancer is a form of malignant tumor that seriously threatens women’s health. In China,according to the cancer statistics, 98,900 new cervical cancer cases and 30,500 deaths due to cervical cancer were estimated to have occurred in2015, and the incidence and mortality rates still exhibited an upward trend~([1]). It has been established that persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)     

Current status of laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer

Surgical resection remains the mainstay of curative treatment for gastric cancer.Laparoscopic surgery is a form of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) that has become increasingly used in the resection of gastric cancer.Laparoscopic surgery is designed to minimize surgical insults and to maximize patient survival,while not compromising oncologic clearance.