乙型肝炎肝硬化患者外周血T细胞亚群变化

目的 探讨乙型肝炎肝硬化患者外周血T细胞亚群的变化。方法 2015年8月～2018年2月我院诊治的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者120例和同期健康体检者120例,使用流式细胞仪检测外周血T细胞亚群。结果 肝硬化组外周血CD4⁺T淋巴细胞百分比为(35.3±2.4)%,显著低于健康人组【(42.9±3.2)%,P<0.05】,CD8⁺T淋巴细胞百分比为(36.4±3.2)%,显著高于健康人组【(32.9±4.2)%,P<0.05】,CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞比值为(0.9±0.1),显著低于健康人组【(1.3±0.2),P<0.05】。结论 乙型肝炎肝硬化患者存在T细胞亚群计数的显著变化,可能也存在相应的免疫功能紊乱,系肝功能受损后的结果抑或是诱因,值得研究。     

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset distribution and function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

Background : Until recently, new data on immune aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have suggested that some facets of AD pathogenesis may be immune related. However, the effects of dementia itself on immune function have not been considered.
Aim : To compare the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and their function in patients with AD and other dementias.
Methods : Peripheral blood lymphocyte numbers, T cell subset distribution, proliferative responses to mitogens and suppressor cell assay were studied in a well characterised group of patients with AD, and compared to patients with other forms of dementia. Age and sex matched elderly controls were screened to exclude dementia, and young controls were medical, paramedical and laboratory staff. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and student's t test were used for statistical analysis.
Results : The CD8 + lymphocyte population was reduced in AD and in other forms of dementia, when compared with non-demented elderly and young controls. Concanavalin A induced lymphocyte transformation was reduced in all dementia groups and in elderly compared with young controls. The changes in T cell numbers and function were not specific for Alzheimer's disease, but were found also in other forms of dementia.     

多发性肌炎/皮肌炎患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群检测的临床应用价值

目的 探讨外周血淋巴细胞亚群异常在多发性肌炎和皮肌炎中的临床意义.方法 用流式细胞仪检测89例多发性肌炎／皮肌炎患者外周血淋巴细胞标记分子的表达情况,分析淋巴细胞亚群变化与疾病临床特点之间的关系.采用方差分析,独立样本t检验,x2检验及多因素Logistic回归分析进行统计学处理.结果 外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+和CD3+CD8+细胞计数在初治并处于活动期的皮肌炎患者[分别为(8±4),(5.4±2.8)和(2.6±1.6)×108/L]明显低于非活动期皮肌炎患者[(16±6),(10.4±5.6)和(5.6±3.8)×108/L]和健康对照[(14±4),(8.3±2.8)和(4.6±1.7) ×108/L)](F=12.901,8.257,7.084;P值均＜0.05),活动期和非活动期的皮肌炎患者CD19+CD5-细胞百分比[分别为( 13.9±8.3)％和(14.2±7.0)％)]则明显高于健康对照[(6.9±2.1)％],差异具有统计学意义(F=21.443;P值均＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析发现,多发性肌炎/皮肌炎患者肌炎活动视觉模拟评估工具.疾病总活动度评分是患者外周血CD3+.CD3+CD4和CD3+CD8细胞计数减低的独立影响因素(b值=0.211,0.344,0.289;P值均＜0.05);多发性肌炎,皮肌炎合并间质性肺疾病(ILD)是CD3+细胞计数减低及CD3+CD4+细胞百分比减低的独立影响因素(b值=0.928,1.974;P值均＜0.05).另外Logistic回归分析发现.CD3+CD8+细胞数减低是多发性肌炎,皮肌炎死亡的独立危险因素(b值=-0.011,OR=0.989; P＜0.05).结论 外周血淋巴细胞亚群在多发性肌炎,皮肌炎疾病活动期明显异常,合并ILD可能影响部份外周淋巴细胞亚群的数量,而CD8+T细胞计数明显降低的患者死亡危险将增加.淋巴细胞亚群检测结果对临床评估多发性肌炎,皮肌炎病情活动及预后有重要指导意义.     

Peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in influenza patients.

The peripheral blood lymphocyte populations were determined in 10 patients during the acute phase of influenza and 6-8 weeks after recovery. The percentage of T-lymphocytes, demonstrated by their binding sheep erythrocytes non-specifically (E-rosette forming cells), was decreased during influenza. A relative and absolute increase of non-T-lymphocytes could be shown by the determination on these cells of receptors for activiated C'3 (EAC-rosette forming cells).     

登革病毒感染者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群数量的变化及其临床意义

目的观察登革热患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群数量变化的特点并探讨其临床意义。方法用流式细胞仪检测不同发病时间71例登革热患者外周血中总T淋巴细胞(CD3+)、CD4+T淋巴细胞和CD8+T淋巴细胞的数量,并将急性期患者、恢复期患者及正常人T淋巴细胞及其亚群数量进行比较,组间数据比较采用t检验。结果与正常对照组相比,急性期登革热患者T细胞和CD4+T细胞都显著减少(P<0.01)、CD4+T/CD8+T比值显著降低(P<0.01),恢复期登革热患者上述指标没有显著性差异(P>0.05);与急性期相比,恢复期登革热患者CD4+T细胞显著升高(P<0.01);急性期、恢复期登革热患者和正常对照组CD8+T细胞数量没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。登革热患者T淋巴细胞亚群数量和CD4+T/CD8+T比值随着发病时间的增加而逐渐上升。结论登革热患者急性期细胞免疫异常,通过治疗可以逐渐恢复。T淋巴细胞亚群的检测可作为监测登革热患者免疫功能的一个指标,对于病人的治疗和预后有一定的意义。细胞免疫异常可能在登革热的发病中起重要作用。     

Peripheral blood lymphocyte/monocyte ratio following completion of first-line therapy predicts early relapse in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma

To investigate whether the post-therapy lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (ALC/AMC ratio or LMR) predicts early relapse in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we enrolled 125 consecutive patients with DLBCL and followed up from 2005 to 2015 in our hospital. The LMR was measured following completion of first-line therapy. We found that the LMR following completion therapy was a strong predictor of early relapse, which is less than 12 months after diagnosis. A low LMR was significantly associated with early relapse in both univariate [odds ratio (OR)?=?8.8; P?=?0.006] and multivariate analysis (OR?=?8.951; P?=?0.011). The low-LMR group (<2.9) had poorer outcomes than the high-LMR group (≥2.9), with a lower 2-year progression-free survival rate (78.9 versus 97.1 %, P?=?0.002) and 2-year OS rate (82.5 versus 98.5 %, P?=?0.002). This study suggests that a lower LMR following completion of first-line therapy can be used as a marker to predict early relapse in patients with DLBCL.     

肺结核病患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的绝对数分析及临床意义

目的检测分析肺结核病患者外周血CD3^＋细胞,CD3^＋CD4^＋细胞,CD3^＋CD8^＋细胞,NK细胞（CD3^-/（CDr（16＋56^＋）,B细胞（CD19）数量及CD_3^＋CD_4^＋／CD3^_CD_8^＋比值的变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用多参数流式细胞术（FCM）检测21例肺结核患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群水平与15例健康者比较研究。结果肺结核病患者外周血CD3^＋细胞,CD3^＋CD4^＋细胞,CD3^＋CDR^＋细胞,NK细胞数量均比正常人明显减少（P〈0．01）,而B细胞数量没明显改变,CD3^＋CD4^＋／CD_3^＋CD_8^＋比值明显下降（P〈0．01）。结论肺结核病患者细胞免疫功能紊乱,监测结核病患者淋巴细胞亚群水平,对评价患者的细胞免疫功能及对疾病的免疫治疗均有重要的指导意义。     

梅毒与梅毒合并病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化*

目的 调查梅毒及其合并病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。方法 2016年1月～2020年6月我院收治的93例感染苍白螺旋体(TP)梅毒患者中,单纯梅毒感染61例,TP合并CHB患者21例和TP合并CHC患者11例,另选择健康体检者84例。使用流式细胞仪检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群。结果 梅毒患者外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺CD45RO⁺和CD8⁺CD45RA⁺细胞百分比及CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞比值分别为(52.2±8.5)%、(40.3±5.7)%、(18.1±3.9)%、(12.4±3.7)%和(1.2±0.3),均显著低于健康人[分别为(69.1±7.6)%、(50.7±6.9)%、(20.6±4.7)%、(16.2±4.3)%和(1.9±0.5),P＜0.05],而外周血CD8⁺、CD4⁺CD45RA⁺和CD8⁺CD45RO⁺细胞百分比显著高于健康人[分别为(32.4±7.3)%、(24.7±6.5)%和(8.7±1.5)%对(26.2±5.4)%、(21.8±6.2)%和(5.4±1.1)%,P＜0.05];三组外周血CD8⁺、CD4⁺CD45RA⁺、CD4⁺CD45RO⁺、CD8⁺CD45RA⁺和CD8⁺CD45RO⁺细胞百分比及CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞比值比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),TP合并CHB组和TP合并CHC组患者外周血CD8⁺、CD4⁺CD45RA⁺和CD8⁺CD45RO⁺细胞百分比均显著高于TP组(P＜0.05),而TP合并CHB组和TP合并CHC组患者外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值、CD4⁺CD45RO⁺和CD8⁺CD45RA⁺细胞百分比显著低于TP组(P＜0.05),TP合并CHB组与TP合并CHC组患者外周血CD8⁺、CD4⁺CD45RA⁺、CD4⁺CD45RO⁺、CD8⁺CD45RA⁺和CD8⁺CD45RO⁺细胞百分比及CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞比值比较均无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。结论 梅毒患者存在显著的外周血淋巴细胞亚群变化,合并CHB或合并CHC患者细胞免疫功能变化更明显,其临床意义值得进一步探讨。     

Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with tuberculosis and the effect of chemotherapy

Peripheral blood T lymphocytes and their subsets were determined in 30 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (15 smear positive and 15 smear negative) and 11 healthy individuals. All patients were assessed clinically, radiologically, bacteriologically and by tuberculin testing, and their lymphocyte counts were repeated after completion of 3 months chemotherapy. The mean ratio of putative helper/suppressor T cell subsets (CD4/CD8) of healthy individuals was 1.8 (range 1.1-2.5). These ratios were independent of tuberculin reactivity and were unaffected by BCG vaccination. In both smear positive and smear negative patients there was a reduction in the total T cell and CD4 counts and an increase in the CD8 count, with a concomitant reduction in the CD4/CD8 ratio. Following successful chemotherapy, the mean CD4/CD8 ratios reverted from 0.82 to 1.57 in smear positive patients and 0.88 to 1.52 in smear negative patients, these being near normal values.     

The relationship between absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets and clinical features in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

BackgroundThe aim of the present study is to investigate the clinical value and characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) using flow cytometry.MethodsThe absolute counts of T, CD4⁺T, CD8⁺T, natural killer (NK), NKT and B lymphocytes in 217 cases of PTB were detected, and the variations in lymphocyte subset counts between different ages and genders and between aetiological detection results and chest radiography results were analysed.ResultsIn 75.3% of the patients with PTB, six subset counts were lower than the normal reference range, and 44% showed lower‐than‐normal CD4⁺T lymphocyte levels. The counts of T, CD4⁺T, CD8⁺T and B lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients aged >60 years, and the NKT cell counts were significantly lower in female patients than in male patients. Among the patients with positive aetiological results, 40.8% had reduced CD8⁺T counts; these were significantly lower than those in patients with negative aetiological results (P = 0.0295). The cell counts of T, CD4⁺T, CD8⁺T and B lymphocytes reduced as lesion lobe numbers increased. The counts of T, CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T lymphocytes were significantly higher in the group with lesions affecting one lobe than in the groups with two to three lobes or four to five lobes, and the counts of B lymphocytes were significantly higher in the group with one lobe and the group with two to three lobes than in the group with four to five lobes. The counts of CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T lymphocytes were highest in the no cavity group and showed a downward trend with the increase in cavities; the T lymphocyte count was significantly higher in the no cavity group than in the group with five or more cavities (P = 0.014), and the CD8⁺T lymphocyte count was significantly higher in the no cavity group than in the group with one to two cavities and the group with five or more cavities (P = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsIn most patients with tuberculosis, immune function is impaired. The absolute counts of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets are closely related to the aetiological results and lesion severity in patients with PTB; this could be used as evidence for immune intervention and monitoring curative effects.     

Monitoring antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients in resource-limited settings: CD4 counts or total lymphocyte counts?

OBJECTIVE: In order to improve the monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic effectiveness in the management of HIV/AIDS in a resource-limited setting, this study was carried out to establish a correlation between total lymphocyte counts (TLC) and CD4 lymphocyte counts in HIV-1 infected/AIDS adults in Yaoundé, Cameroon. METHODS: Full blood counts, differential white, and CD4 counts were measured in 149 patients using standard methods. The correlation coefficient established correlation between values. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values were calculated as required. RESULTS: The mean TLC, CD4 count, and CD4% as well as CD4/CD8 ratios were 1.932+/-0.895 x 10(9)/L, 268+/-183 cells/mm(3), 14.51+/-15.9%, and 0.34+/-0.25, respectively. Only a weak correlation was observed between TLC and CD4 counts (r=0.41, p=0.05). As a predictor of CD4 count, TLC cut-offs <2.0 and <1.0 x 10(9)/L were unable to predict these values reliably, but showed that at TLC cut-offs of <1.0 x 10(9)/L there was a high chance of CD4 counts being under 200 cells/mm(3). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that TLC are of limited value in predicting CD4 counts and should not be substituted for CD4 counts whenever possible. However, TLC may be reliably used in designing algorithms and programs for initiating patient management and follow-up in this setting.     

Lymphocyte cytotoxicity in chronic active hepatitis: effect of therapy and correlations with clinical and histological changes

A study of lymphocyte cytotoxicity for rabbit hepatocyte cultures in 15 patients with untreated chronic active hepatitis showed positive results in all cases, both HBsAg positive and negative. After immunosuppressive therapy cytotoxicity became negative and remained negative, in four of nine patients followed serially. In 51 patients established on therapy for periods from three months to 12 years, cytotoxicity was negative in 19 and all patients are currently alive. However, in the remaining 32 patients in whom cytotoxicity was positive there has been a 34% mortality. Cytotoxicity remained persistently positive in 12 of 15 patients followed serially, and persistently negative in seven of nine. Cytotoxicity showed a significant association with histological disease activity, especially the extent of piecemeal necrosis, but not with biochemical tests of liver function, immunoglobulins, or autoantibodies. The basis of this cytotoxicity test is an antibody dependent cell-mediated autoimmune reaction directed against a liver specific protein, and the results suggest that in some cases immunosuppressive therapy is followed by control of this reaction. It may be possible to stop therapy in these patients, but in those in whom the reaction continues, as shown by continuing cytotoxicity, the prognosis is not as good and the use of other drug schedules would seem worthy of trial.     

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in polycythaemia and thrombocythaemia

Lymphocyte subpopulations from peripheral blood of normal subjects and patients with primary proliferative polycythaemia (PPP), idiopathic erythrocytosis (IE) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET) were separated using antihuman immunoglobulin antiserum for B lymphocytes and the following monoclonal antibodies: OKT3, directed against the general T-lymphocyte subpopulation, OKT4 and OKT8, detecting respectively T-helper and T-suppressor lymphocyte subpopulations, OKM1 reacting mainly with monocytes. A decrease in the number of OKT3+ cells was observed both in PPP and IE, with a particular fall of the OKT8+ (suppressor) cells, so that the T4/T8 ratio was significantly increased (P less than 0.03 in PPP and P less than 0.0005 in IE). The ratio remained normal in samples from ET. OKM1+ cells were significantly increased in PPP (P less than 0.04), but not in IE, while in ET there was a rise in a few cases only. The present data point out some definite changes in the circulating lymphomonocytic cell subsets, which may be of interest in the study of this group of myeloproliferative disorders.     

Peripheral blood stem cell mobilization following CHOP plus rituximab therapy combined with G-CSF in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

We mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) following CHOP plus rituximab (CHOP-R) therapy, and compared with the findings following CHOP therapy without rituximab. All patients were given G-CSF starting from day 11 after CHOP therapy. Patients in the CHOP-R group (n=8) were given rituximab on day 12. Target CD34(+) cells number was collected in a single leukapheresis on day 14, from all the eight patients in the CHOP-R group. PBSC mobilization kinetics, CD34(+) cells yield and colony-forming ability in the graft collection, toxicity during mobilization, and engraftment after transplantation of CHOP-R group were not significantly different from those in the CHOP group (n=8). In all patients given CHOP-R therapy, CD20(+) cells and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) rearrangement in the graft collection were undetectable by flow-cytometric analysis and Southern blot analysis, respectively, but with PCR analysis two of eight grafts were positive for IgH rearrangement. While further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of purging and the outcome of patients undergoing autologous transplantation, CHOP-R therapy can be safely and effectively used in the mobilization phase of PBSC collection, without excess clinical toxicity or deleterious effect on PBSC mobilization kinetics or engraftment time.     

Variation in the IGF-1 gene is associated with lymphocyte subset counts in neonates: The Generation R Study

Objective  IGF-1 stimulates growth, development and function of lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to examine whether functional variants of the IGF-1 gene are associated with absolute lymphocyte subset counts in neonates.
Study design and measurements  This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a prospective cohort study from foetal life onwards. A polymorphism in the IGF-1 promoter region was genotyped in cord blood DNA. Lymphocytes (T, B and NK) and T lymphocyte subsets (helper, cytotoxic, naïve and memory) in cord blood were immunophenotyped in 380 neonates by six-colour flow cytometry.
Results  In total, 39% of the neonates were homozygous for the 192-bp allele (wild-type), 48% were heterozygous and 13% were noncarrier. No differences in absolute lymphocyte and T lymphocyte subset counts were observed between the 192-bp allele heterozygous and homozygous groups. In noncarriers, we found 15% lower T lymphocyte ( P =  0·03), 22% lower B lymphocyte ( P =  0·04) and 10% lower NK lymphocyte counts ( P =  0·36) than in the 192-bp allele homozygous group. Analyses of T lymphocyte subsets showed 16% lower helper T lymphocyte counts ( P =  0·01) in noncarriers. No significant differences were found for cytotoxic, naïve and memory T lymphocyte counts. All associations were adjusted for gravidity, mode of delivery, gestational age, birth weight, gender and 1- and 5- min Apgar scores.
Conclusions  Our study showed associations between this IGF-1 promoter region polymorphism and absolute lymphocyte subset counts in neonates. These results should be regarded as hypothesis generating until they have been replicated in other studies.     

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in polymyalgia rheumatica

Summary Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 23 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) were characterized using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry in a two-year prospective study. There were no significant differences in absolute numbers or relative percentages of lymphocytes or CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells or the CD4+T cell functional subsets, virgin (CD4+CD45RA+) and memory (CD4+CD29+) T cells, in patients before or during corticosteroid treatment compared to controls. Previous reports on decreased levels of CD8+T cells as a characteristic of PMR/giant cell arteritis was not confirmed. The absolute number and relative percentage of lymphocytes with natural killer cell activity, CD16+ CD56+ cells, were significantly lower in patients with active untreated PMR as well as during corticosteriod treatment compared to controls, but at the two-year follow-up the difference was less marked.