Acceptability and feasibility of the online delivery of hatha yoga: A systematic review of the literature

ObjectivesHatha yoga has dramatically increased in popularity in the United States and a growing body of evidence points to yoga’s ability to successfully manage both physical and mental health conditions. Concurrently, the delivery of telehealth interventions also continues to rise. The online-delivery of yoga lies at this intersection, and to date, no study has systematically reviewed the existing literature of empirical studies involving the online delivery of yoga.DesignThis study systematically reviews the literature for evidence on the feasibility and acceptability of online yoga interventions and provides a qualitative synthesis. A total of 10 articles which represent eight unique empirical studies were included in the final review.ResultsAcross the eight studies, participants expressed overall satisfaction with an online yoga intervention. Online yoga was found to be feasible, based on attendance and practice rates, and acceptable. Although groups vary in degree of initial engagement. Results also found preliminary evidence that online yoga can help manage symptoms associated with a range of disorders.ConclusionsUnderstanding this innovative approach to delivering yoga interventions will allow future research to include online yoga as a lower-cost, non-invasive intervention for a wide variety of physical and mental health disorders, as well as provide preliminary evidence to support the integration of online yoga interventions into routine clinical care.     

Comparison groups in yoga research: A systematic review and critical evaluation of the literature

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Evidence on yoga for health: A bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews

ObjectiveTo support the research agenda in yoga for health by comprehensively identifying systematic reviews of yoga for health outcomes and conducting a bibliometric analysis to describe their publication characteristics and topic coverage.MethodsWe searched 7 databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PROSPERO) from their inception to November 2019 and 1 database (INDMED) from inception to January 2017. Two authors independently screened each record for inclusion and one author extracted publication characteristics and topics of included reviews.ResultsWe retrieved 2710 records and included 322 systematic reviews. 157 reviews were exclusively on yoga, and 165 were on yoga as one of a larger class of interventions (e.g., exercise). Most reviews were published in 2012 or later (260/322; 81 %). First/corresponding authors were from 32 different countries; three-quarters were from the USA, Germany, China, Australia, the UK or Canada (240/322; 75 %). Reviews were most frequently published in speciality journals (161/322; 50 %) complementary medicine journals (66/322; 20 %) or systematic review journals (59/322; 18 %). Almost all were present in MEDLINE (296/322; 92 %). Reviews were most often funded by government or non-profits (134/322; 42 %), unfunded (74/322; 23 %), or not explicit about funding (111/322; 34 %). Common health topics were psychiatric/cognitive (n = 56), cancer (n = 39) and musculoskeletal conditions (n = 36). Multiple reviews covered similar topics, particularly depression/anxiety (n = 18), breast cancer (n = 21), and low back pain (n = 16).ConclusionsFurther research should explore the overall quality of reporting and conduct of systematic reviews of yoga, the direction and certainty of specific conclusions, and duplication or gaps in review coverage of topics.     

A systematic review of yoga interventions for helping health professionals and students

Helping Health Professionals (HHP) and HHP students are among the highest risk occupational groups for compromised mental and physical health. There is a paucity of information regarding preventive interventions for mental and physical health in this group of healthcare providers.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to examine the effectiveness of yoga interventions for the prevention and reduction of mental and physical disorders among HHPs and HHP students.DesignAn exhaustive systematic search was conducted in May 2020. Databases searched in the OVID interface included: MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Embase, and PsycINFO. EbscoHost databases searched included: CINAHL Plus with Full Text, SPORTDiscus with Full Text, Alt HealthWatch, Education Research Complete, SocINDEX with Full Text, ERIC, and Academic Search Complete. Scopus was also searched.ResultsThe search yielded 4,973 records, and after removal of duplicates 3197 records remained. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, titles and abstracts were screened and full text articles (n = 82) were retrieved and screened. Twenty-five studies were identified for inclusion in this review. Most frequently reported findings of yoga interventions in this population included a reduction in stress, anxiety, depression, and musculoskeletal pain.ConclusionIt is our conclusion that mental and physical benefits can be obtained through implementation of yoga interventions for HHPs and HHP students across a variety of settings and backgrounds. However, researchers would benefit from following recommended guidelines for the design and reporting of yoga interventions to improve study quality and rigour.     

Appraising the quality of guidelines for peripheral arterial catheters care: A systematic review of reviews

IntroductionCatheter-related bloodstream infections are among the most critical adverse events in critical patients with peripheral arterial catheters (ACs). Adherence to evidence-based guidelines can prevent and reduce arterial bloodstream infections.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to assess clinical practice guidelines for AC care and analyse methodological factors related to their development for effective dissemination and implementation in clinical practice.Review method usedThis was a systematic review of guidelines.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, CNKI, and WANFANG databases from inception until September 2021 and evaluated websites of organisations that complied or produced guidelines.Review methodsA comprehensive list of guidelines for ACs care was included. We excluded incomplete guidelines, guidelines translated in other languages, duplicate publications, and summaries of multiple guidelines. Two reviewers independently extracted and collected the data, and three authors conducted quality assessments independently using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, Second Edition (AGREE II) tool. The intraclass correlation coefficient (two-way random) with a 95% confidence interval was used to evaluate the concordance between reviewers.ResultsOf the 738 total publications screened, seven were selected for evaluation. The concordance between observers was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.9, P < 0.001). Most guidelines (4/6) were developed in the United States and the United Kingdom. The median scores for the six domains were 89.0%, 65.5%, 58.0%, 86.0%, 65.0%, and 86.0%. The domains of stakeholder involvement, rigour of development, and applicability had the lowest scores. Guidelines by the United Kingdom's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence showed the highest quality.ConclusionsThe guidelines we included scored poorly on crucial domains (rigour of development, applicability, and stakeholder involvement). Most of the current recommendations on ACs were included in the guidelines for vascular catheter–related bloodstream infections. Therefore, targeted guidelines created specifically for ACs are warranted to reduce the incidence of catheter-related complications and ensure patient safety.     

Effect of yoga on polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is not a disease but a mere syndrome. Many researchers have studied polycystic ovarian syndrome and found that there is no proper cause of that, it may occur due to hormonal imbalance or stress, or due to a sedentary lifestyle. The rate of polycystic ovarian syndrome in Indian women has been increasing rapidly. The symptoms include acne, weight gain, hirsutism, difficulties in fertility, irregular or infrequent periods, immature ovarian eggs that do not ovulate, multiple cysts in the ovary. If left untreated, it may become the cause for heart diseases, diabetes, hypertension, infertility, and even cancer. There are varieties of medical treatments available to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome but they have a temporary effect and if taken for a long time then it may lead to serious side effects. Yoga has proven effects in reducing and managing the symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome more effectively along with medicine. This review work has been designed to consider the available literature concerning the effectiveness of yoga in the management of the polycystic ovarian syndrome. It includes some research papers published between 2012 and 2019. By providing yogic treatment effect on several parameters (such as blood lipid level, glucose metabolism, endocrine parameters, quality of life, resting cardiovascular parameters, level of anxiety, depression) on the woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome were measured. After thoroughly studying about 74 research papers, 16 are found most relevant to be reviewed. The studies of these papers concluded the successful use of different yogic limbs for the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome with or without medications.     

PBL教学法对临床护理带教有效性的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析评价以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)对临床护理带教的效果。 方法 计算机检索国内外主要医学数据库中有关PBL教学的干预性研究。由2名研究者对文献的质量进行严格评价后采用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据分析。 结果 共纳入12篇文献。Meta分析结果显示:PBL教学法在提高护理专业实习生的理论、操作技能及评判性思维能力方面好于传统教学法。 结论 PBL教学法应用于临床护理带教的效果好于传统教学法。但因纳入文献的研究质量不高,未来有必要开展大样本高质量的随机对照试验进一步验证。     

瑜伽干预下背痛效果的Meta分析

目的系统评价瑜伽治疗下背痛的有效性。方法计算机检索Web of Science、BBSCO Academic Source Complete、Elsevier ScienceDirect、Scopus、PubMed、WanFang Data和CNKI数据库,搜集有关瑜伽治疗下背痛有效性的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT),检索时限均从建库至2019年11月4日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入14个RCT,包括1 684例患者。Meta分析结果显示:与常规治疗相比,瑜伽治疗下背痛的RMDQ问卷评分更低[MD=–1.86,95%CI(–2.39,–1.33),P<0.000 01],其差异有统计学意义。亚组分析结果显示,不同锻炼频率、下背痛程度、致因、干预周期、样本量等亚组的瑜伽治疗效果均优于常规治疗组,差异均有统计学意义。结论现有证据表明,瑜伽治疗下背痛能取得更好疗效。受纳入研究数量和质量限制,上述结论尚需开展更多高质量研究予以验证。     

Effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment for pediatric conditions: A systematic review

BackgroundOsteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is commonly used by osteopaths and osteopathic physicians to manage a large variety of pediatric complaints.ObjectiveThe current study reviewed the literature to determine the effectiveness of OMT for all pediatric complaints.MethodsA systematic literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) unrestricted by language or publication status was performed in July 2020 in electronic and ongoing trials databases. Included studies were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) instrument. Mean difference or standard mean difference and overall effect size were calculated. Data were synthesized using the GRADE approach.ResultsForty-seven RCTs examining 37 pediatric conditions were reviewed. Twenty-three studies reported significant favorable outcomes for OMT relative to the control intervention, and 14 additional studies reported non-significant outcomes, which suggested potential favorable effects of OMT. Fifteen of the studies were judged to have a low RoB, 12 had high risk, and the remainder had unclear RoB. Using GRADE, there was moderate evidence for the effectiveness of OMT for 13 of the 43 comparisons, particularly for length of hospital stay for preterm infants, but no high-quality evidence for any condition.ConclusionsAlthough a number of studies indicated positive results with use of OMT, few pediatric conditions have been investigated in more than one study, which results in no high-quality evidence for any condition. Additional research may change estimates of effect, and larger, high-quality RCTs focusing on a smaller range of conditions are recommended.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO ID: CRD42020162479.     

Yoga for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivesYoga has been widely practiced and has recently shown benefits in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), however, evidence is inconsistent.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed/Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to May 31, 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing yoga with usual care or non-pharmacological interventions in patients with CHD. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and health related quality of life (HR-QoL). Secondary outcomes were a composite cardiovascular outcome, exercise capacity and cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipid profiles and body mass index).ResultsSeven RCTs with a total of 4671 participants were included. Six RCTs compared yoga with usual care and one compared yoga with designed exercise. The mean age of the participants ranged from 51.0–60.7 years and the majority of them were men (85.4 %). Pooled results showed that compared with usual care, yoga had no effect on all-cause mortality (RR, 1.02; 95 % CI, 0.75–1.39), but it significantly improved HR-QoL (SMD, 0.07; 95 % CI, 0.01 - 0.14). A non-significant reduction of the composite cardiovascular outcome was observed (133 vs. 154; RR, 0.63; 95 % CI, 0.15–2.59). Serum level of triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure and body mass index were also significantly improved. The study comparing yoga with control exercise also reported significantly better effects of yoga on HR-QoL (85.75 vs. 75.24, P < 0.001). No severe adverse events related to yoga were reported.ConclusionsYoga might be a promising alternative for patients with CHD as it is associated with improved quality of life, less number of composite cardiovascular events, and improved cardiovascular risk factors.     

Role of yoga for patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

To understand the role and efficacy of yoga in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, this meta-analysis was conducted. Electronic data bases searched were PubMed/Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO, IndMED, CENTRAL, Cochrane library, CamQuest and CamBase till December 17, 2014. Eligible outcomes were fasting blood sugar (FBS), post prandial blood sugar (PPBS) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1C). Randomized controlled trials and controlled trials were eligible. Studies focussing only on relaxation or meditation or multimodal intervention were not included. A total of 17 RCTs were included for review. Data from research articles on patients, methods, interventions- control and results were extracted. Mean and standard deviations were utilized for calculating standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity was assessed with the help of I² statistics. χ² was used to rule out the effects of heterogeneity due to chance alone. Beneficial effects of yoga as an add-on intervention to standard treatment in comparison to standard treatment were observed for FBS [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) −1.40, 95%CI −1.90 to −0.90, p ˂ 0.00001]; PPBS [SMD −0.91, 95%CI −1.34 to −0.48, p ˂ 0.0001] as well as HBA1C [SMD −0.64, 95%CI −0.97 to −0.30, p ˂ 0.0002]. But risk of bias was overall high for included studies. With this available evidence, yoga can be considered as add-on intervention for management of diabetes.     

Contribution of arterial stiffness and stroke volume to peripheral pulse pressure in ICU patients: an arterial tonometry study

Objective Peripheral arterial pulse pressure is increasingly used to assess hemodynamic status. Our aim was to test the respective influence of arterial stiffness, stroke volume, peripheral resistance, and various hemodynamic and demographic variables on peripheral pulse pressure in critically ill patients. Design Prospective study. Setting Medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Interventions None. Patients 67 sinus rhythm patients (mean age 57 ± 17 years) of whom 17 received vasoactive agents. Measurements and results The stroke volume was calculated by Doppler echocardiography. Radial pressures were calibrated from systolic and diastolic brachial cuff pressures. Central aortic pressure was estimated by radial applanation tonometry. The arterial compliance was estimated from the aortic pressure curve using the area method and the arterial stiffness was calculated as 1/compliance. The influences of age, body surface area, arterial stiffness, stroke volume, peripheral resistance, and time intervals on peripheral pulse pressure were tested using univariate and multivariate analyses. The mean arterial pressure ranged from 42 to 113 mmHg. Peripheral pulse pressure (59 ± 17 mmHg) was higher than aortic pulse pressure (40 ± 14 mmHg, p < 0.001). In patients aged ≥ 60 years whose mean arterial pressure was ≥ 80 mmHg, peripheral pulse pressure was related to arterial stiffness (r ² = 0.41) and to stroke volume (multiple r ² = 0.90). A similar but weaker relationship was observed in the overall population (multiple r ² = 0.52). Conclusions In critically ill patients, and especially in aged subjects with hemodynamic stability, peripheral pulse pressure mainly reflected the combined influences of arterial stiffness and stroke volume. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Effect of aromatherapy on cancer complications: A systematic review

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of aromatherapy on cancer complications.MethodsIn this systematic review, international (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and CENTRAL) and national databases (SID and Magiran) were searched from inception of the databases to April 31, 2019. JBI and Jadad scales were used to assess the quality of the studies included.Resultsof 43 Studies conducted on 3239 cancer patients in 13 countries from 1995 to 2019, entered the final stage. The results showed that the aromatherapy improves the various physical and psychological complications, although few studies have shown that aromatherapy had no effect on skin reactions.ConclusionConsidering the various complications and costs in cancer patients, it seems that the aromatherapy can be used as a proper supplemental treatment to improve complications, although further studies are needed to determine the protocol and the standard dosage.     

动态系统评价简介

系统评价作为循证医学中较高等级证据,其制作方法相对成熟,但更新机制尚不完善。动态系统评价通过周期性获取临床证据,及时更新系统评价结果,能有效提高系统评价的时效性。本文从动态系统评价的产生、特点、适用情况、实施过程、应用现状等几个方面对其进行简要介绍。     

低钠透析对血液透析患者大动脉僵硬度的影响

目的大动脉僵硬度的金标准--腹主动脉脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)是终末期肾脏病患者全因死亡和心血管死亡的独立危险因素。在非透析人群,饮食钠摄入增多可升高PWV;反之,限盐可降低PWV。本研究旨在观察应用低钠透析液增加透析钠清除对血液透析患者大动脉僵硬度的影响。方法选择处于干体质量的稳定血液透析患者16名。先应用标准透析液(钠浓度138mmol/L)透析一1个月,再将透析液钠浓度降为136mmol/L透析4个月(低钠透析)。研究期间未对饮食钠进行限制和干预,并且每个月应用生物电阻抗仪对干体质量进行调节,以保持透析后容量状态稳定。同时测量PWV、44h动态血压,记录透析间期体质量增长、每月透析中低血压和肌肉痉挛的发生率。结果随着低钠透析,腹主动脉PWV显著下降(12.61±2.30比11.74±2.65m/s,P=0.005);44h动态收缩压和舒张压分别较基线水平下降10mmHg和6mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kpa),而透析后容量状态无明显变化;透析间期体重增长轻度下降(2.89±0.66比2.67±0.63kg,P=0.051)。低血压和肌肉痉挛的发生率无明显变化。结论降低透析液钠浓度可显著改善透析患者的大动脉僵硬度。     

Effects of reflexology on child health: A systematic review

BackgroundIt is known that the parents of one of every two children who need health care seek at least one complementary health-care approach. Reflexology, which is one of these, increases well-being while maintaining the continuity of homeostasis. As studies with children are limited, there is a need for evidence that includes the positive as well as the negative effects of reflexology that can be transferred to clinical practice and recommendations for future studies.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of reflexology on child health by systematically summarizing the results obtained.MethodIn this study, which was structured as a systematic review, data were obtained by scanning CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Complete, WoS, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and ProQuest. According to MeSH terminology, (zone therapy OR reflexology OR foot massage OR hand massage) AND (pediatrics OR child OR infant OR baby) were used. Randomized controlled studies (RCTs), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses conducted with a pediatric population and accessible in English and full text up to 07.08.2019 (with no time limitation) were included. Exclusion criteria for the present study included applying a massage procedure different from reflexology, the inclusion of an adult sample, or publication of the article in a predatory journal. The Cochrane guidelines (Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.2.0, 2017) were applied and the article reported on according to the PRISMA checklist.ResultsIn all six of the RCTs, which included a total of 277 infants and children, the only method used was foot reflexology. Regarding the results of nine investigated outcomes, reflexology was found to be effective in infancy for reducing pain level and regulating heart rate, for increasing oxygen saturation, for relieving infantile colic symptoms, and neonatal abstinence symptoms. Reflexology was also found to decrease spasticity and improve motor skills in children with cerebral palsy, but it failed to produce positive change in regard to constipation and quality of life. Four of the studies were performed in a nursing context, one in midwifery, and one in physiotherapy.ConclusionAs a common result of the studies conducted with different sample groups, it is possible that reflexology had positive effects on children. However, the absence of standardization related to reflexology, inadequate use of a study protocol and guidelines, the heterogeneity of the data, and the determination that half the studies were conducted with high-risk groups according to the bias analysis with RoB 2.0 indicate that it is too soon to generalize the results. Well-structured, randomized controlled double-blind trials are required.