胸、腹主动脉病变的血管内治疗

目的探讨胸、腹主动脉病变不同血管内治疗方法的临床疗效。方法7例患者,其中DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层5例(4例行一体式支架腔内隔绝术,1例行内膜瓣开窗术);DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层外院外科人造血管置换术后降主动脉假性动脉瘤形成1例(行一体式支架腔内隔绝术);肾动脉开口以下腹主动脉瘤1例(行分体式支架腔内隔绝术)。结果5例一体式支架腔内隔绝术均获成功,2例出现Ⅰ型内漏,1例经球囊扩张后内漏消失,1例30 min后内漏减少,未处理;1例内膜瓣开窗术后患者双下肢缺血症状消失;1例分体式支架腔内隔绝术后造影提示动脉瘤消失,无内漏发生。结论应用血管内支架移植物或内膜瓣开窗术治疗胸、腹主动脉病变安全有效,其中分体式支架的临床应用具有更好的前景。     

胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后内漏的评估

32例StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者接受了腔内隔绝术,术中发现内漏4例,即时腔内方式治愈3例,自愈1例;术后迟发型内漏1例。内漏的发生与多种因素有关,术中DSA及术后螺旋CT是发现内漏的有效方法;发生内漏后主张尽快以腔内方式治疗;小量内漏可自愈;迟发型内漏的治疗及转归有待继续讨论。     

覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗外周动脉瘤

目的探讨外周动脉瘤应用覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗的疗效和安全性。方法对12例外周动脉瘤(真性动脉瘤5例,假性动脉瘤7例)患者行经股动脉穿刺插管造影,之后于病变部位放置覆膜支架行腔内隔绝术。结果 12例成功进行外周动脉瘤覆膜支架腔内隔绝术,其中11例动脉瘤腔完全封闭隔绝,1例动脉瘤治疗后有内漏,无手术相关并发症,即刻造影示置入覆膜支架远端动脉均血流通畅。随访观察3～36个月,无动脉瘤复发及动脉瘤相关并发症发生,1例3个月后发生覆膜支架腔内闭塞。结论覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗外周动脉瘤是一种创伤小、安全易行、疗效确切的治疗方法。     

多层螺旋CT血管造影对腔内隔绝术后内漏的诊断价值

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)对腔内隔绝术后内漏的诊断价值。方法105例腹主动脉瘤和主动脉夹层腔内隔绝术后行MSCTA，采用准直2.5mm，层厚3．0mm，螺距为6，重建方法为容积显示技术、表面遮盖显示、最大密度投影法及多层面重建法。观察分析原始图像及三维重建图像，确定有无内漏、内漏的类型及漏出量。结果 105例中有13例术后出现内漏，发生率为12．4％，其中，8例为腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后，5例为主动脉夹层术后；Ⅰ型内漏8例，Ⅱ型2例，Ⅲ型3例。结论 MSCTA有利于腔内隔绝术后内漏的诊断，应作为腔内隔绝术后诊断内漏等并发症的主要影像检查方法。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后内漏的治疗

为探讨腹主动脉瘤（AAA）腔内隔绝术（EVGE）后内漏产生的原因和治疗方法,作者总结分析了38例腔内隔绝术并发内漏的诊治体会。38例腔内隔绝术中共4例并发内漏,其中I型内漏2例,Ⅱ型内漏1例,Ⅲ型内漏1例;1例中转传统手术,其余3例在观察中。DSA是术中发现内漏的有效手段,球囊扩张法、支架法、移植物法和栓堵法是治疗内漏的有效方法。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后内漏的治疗①

为探讨腹主动脉瘤(AAA)腔内隔绝术(EVGE)后内漏产生的原因和治疗方法,作者总结分析了38例腔内隔绝术并发内漏的诊治体会.38例腔内隔绝术中共4例并发内漏,其中Ⅰ型内漏2例,Ⅱ型内漏1例,Ⅲ型内漏1例;1例中转传统手术,其余3例在观察中.DSA是术中发现内漏的有效手段,球囊扩张法、支架法、移植物法和栓堵法是治疗内漏的有效方法.     

瘤腔内注射纤维蛋白胶治疗腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后内漏

内漏是腹主动脉瘤 (ＡＡＡ )腔内隔绝术 (ＥＶＥ)所特有的并发症 ,内漏的存在说明动脉瘤未与循环系统完全隔开 ,动脉瘤有继续增大甚至破裂的可能 ,可导致ＡＡＡＥＶＥ的失败。我们应用瘤腔内注射纤维蛋白胶 (ＦＧ医用生物蛋白胶 ,广州倍特生物技术有限公司产品 )来治疗 3例术中Ⅰ型即时性内漏 ,现报道如下。资料、方法和结果一、患者资料自开展ＥＶＥ以来 ,136例ＡＡＡ患者在我院接受治疗。术中即刻发生近端Ⅰ型内漏 17例(12 .5 % ) ,远端Ⅰ型内漏 19例 (13.9% )。对于其中3例患者采用了瘤腔内注射促凝血药物纤维蛋白胶的方法来治疗内漏 ,1…     

主动脉瘤的腔内隔绝术介入治疗

目的:讨论腔内人造血管隔绝术治疗主动脉瘤近期临床疗效。方法:4例肾下腹主动脉瘤和1例主动脉弓夹层动脉瘤病人接受腔内人造血管隔绝术治疗,术前均行彩超、三维重建螺旋CT检测。结果:术后即刻DSA造影显示:5例动脉瘤消失,近远端人造血管与主动脉结合处无内漏,腔内人造血管无移位,5例病人临床均获成功。术后3~6个月彩超及CT随访显示腔内人造血管无移位及内漏,动脉瘤残腔无增大及血流。结论:腔内人造血管隔绝术是一种创伤小、恢复快的治疗主动脉瘤的安全、有效的新方法,但远期疗效有待随访。     

股动脉假性动脉瘤彩色多普勒超声诊断及监测分析

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声对股动脉假性动脉瘤诊断及监测疗效的价值。方法：经股动脉穿刺行冠状动脉介入术后发生股动脉假性动脉瘤37例,包括冠状动脉造影术后30例,冠状动脉支架置入术后7例,所有患者都用高频彩色多普勒超声诊断。在超声监控下,探头垂直加压压迫假性动脉瘤通道或破口直至内无血流通过。压迫失败后在超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶,24h、1个月后复查超声。结果：37例中有27例一次性压迫2h后假性动脉瘤瘤腔闭合;6例一次压迫2h后超声显示瘤腔明显变小,动脉与瘤腔仍有少许血流相通,再次压迫2h后瘤腔闭合;4例压迫2次失败后在超声引导下瘤腔内注射凝血酶,其中3例取得较满意的效果,1例经验不足失败。结论：彩色多普勒超声诊断股动脉假性动脉瘤准确、简便、无创。且可在超声引导下行安全无创治疗。     

腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后的瘤腔压

本文通过对腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术前后动脉瘤腔内动脉压的测量 ,评估术后动脉瘤壁所受负荷的减轻程度 ,并进一步讨论腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术的成功标准。1　资料与方法　　肾下型腹主动脉瘤 ,成功放置“人”字型内置人造血管 ,进行腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术患者 10例。术前测压导管探头在Ｘ线透视下定位于动脉瘤腔内 ,术后则定位于人造血管和动脉瘤壁之间 (即隔绝后的动脉瘤腔内 )。外接传感器及测压机 ,测量收缩压、舒张压、平均压和脉压差。2　结　果　　腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术后 ,动脉瘤腔内收缩压下降(6 2 6± 4 7) %、舒张压下降 (4 4 9± 4 8…     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.