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原位肝移植70例报告 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
目的 探讨肝移植治疗终末期肝病的临床效果。方法 在过去2年内,70例终末期肝病患者接受了72例次原位肝移植手术,其中包括1例小儿减体肝移植。结果 手术近期死亡18例(25.7%),随访期间死亡14例(26.9%),术后胆道并发症发生率23%,肝动脉并发症20%。术后生存时间超过6个月者30例,超过1年者17例,其中肝癌组(31例),有9例术后生存已超过6个月,3例超过1年。结论 减少外科手术并发症是提高肝移植手术成功率以及长期存活的关键。对于肝硬化合并原发性肝癌的患者,肝移植应作为首选的治疗方法。 相似文献
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目的探讨肝移植治疗肝肺综合征(hepatopulmonary syndrome,HPS)的临床疗效。方法确诊并发HPS的终末期肝病患者31例列为HPS组,按有否进行原位肝移植(OLT)治疗再分为HPS手术组(26例)和HPS未手术组(5例),同时随机选择接受OLT的30例未并发HPS的终末期肝病患者作为对照组(non-HPS手术组)。回顾性分析两组患者术后5年的随访结果和生存情况。结果 HPS手术组术后28d存活率为77%(20/26),半年及1年存活率均为62%(16/26),5年存活率为58%(15/26),明显高于HPS未手术组患者的存活率(0),但其5年存活率低于non-HPS手术组患者的5年存活率(80%)。HPS手术组患者的症状缓解率为77%(20/26)。HPS患者术中、术后并发症包括:大出血、肺部感染、伤口迁延不愈并感染、脑出血、高钠血症、肾功能障碍、多器官功能衰竭等。结论肝移植是治疗合并HPS的终末期肝病患者的唯一有效方法,可延长其存活时间,提高其存活率。 相似文献
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肝移植治疗终末期酒精性肝病 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的评价肝移植治疗终末期酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease,ALD)的可行性及疗效。方法回顾性地分析中山大学附属第三医院2003年12月至2007年4月进行的18例终末期ALD病人接受肝移植治疗后的生存情况及主要并发症发生率。结果18例ALD和229例非ALD良性终末期肝病病人肝移植术后1、2、3年存活率分别为88.9%、77.8%、77.8%和90.4%、84.0%和78.2%,两组间存活率的差异无统计学意义(P=0.778)。两组术后并发症的发生率分别为:肺部感染44.4%(8/18)和33.2%(76/229)(P=0.538),胆道并发症16.7%(3/18)和24.9%(57/229)(P=0.574),动脉并发症11.1%(2/18)和7.0%(16/229)(P=0.628),排斥反应11.1%(2/18)和6.6%(15/229)(P=0.357)。ALD组术后5.6%(1/18)恢复少量饮酒,没有病人重新出现酒精依赖。结论肝移植是治疗终末期酒精性肝病的有效手段,术后生存情况和非ALD良性终末期肝病接近。感染性并发症是ALD肝移植术后最主要的死亡原因,移植后应加强感染性并发症的监测和治疗。 相似文献
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目的 总结肝移植术治疗原发性胆汁性肝硬化的临床特点,提高肝移植术治疗该病的认识和疗效.方法 回顾性分析2003年12月至2005年11月完成的7例原发性胆汁性肝硬化的患者资料并结合文献进行讨论.结果 7例原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者,占同期施行肝移植治疗患者的1.55%(7/452).女6例,男1例,平均年龄为50.7±10.9岁,术前平均血清胆红素345.8±88.8μmol/L,child分级B级2例,C级5例.3例在术后1月内出现急性排斥反应,加强免疫抑制治疗后治愈.激素撤退时间5例为术后6月,1例长期服用激素.随访5天~36月,6例痊愈,1例患者死于多器官功能衰竭, 2年存活率为85.7%,未发现复发病例.结论 肝移植术是治疗终末期原发性胆汁性肝硬化有效治疗手段.术后早期应加强免疫抑制治疗,减少急性排斥反应的发生. 相似文献
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目的研究肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的临床特征。方法选取2005年1月至2021年4月于青岛大学附属医院器官移植中心规律随访的成人肝脏移植患者作为研究对象, 回顾性分析新发恶性肿瘤的类型和临床特征。共纳入601例成人肝移植受者, 其中女性105例, 男性496例, 年龄(51.4±9.6)岁。以随访期间内是否合并新发恶性肿瘤将601例肝移植受者分为新发恶性肿瘤组(n=26)和非新发恶性肿瘤组(n=575)。收集患者年龄、性别、肝移植术前基础疾病、手术时间等临床资料。以门诊复查的方式随访。结果共有26例患者被诊断为肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤, 共计28例次(其中2例患者为2次发现不同的新发恶性肿瘤), 肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的发病率为4.3%(26/601)。肝移植手术到诊断新发恶性肿瘤的中位时间为42(20, 70)个月。肝移植术后1、3、5、10、15年新发恶性肿瘤的累积发病率分别为0.5%、2.0%、6.3%、21.0%、34.5%。在28例次新发恶性肿瘤中, 消化系统肿瘤最多, 共17例次(60.7%), 其次是肺癌3例次(11.1%), 淋巴系统增殖性疾病2例次(7.4%), 宫颈癌、甲... 相似文献
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目的 总结原位肝移植术治疗布加综合征的经验和体会.方法 回顾性分析2003年12月至2010年4月9例布加综合征患者接受肝移植治疗的临床资料,总结术前影像学评估和手术经验,并观察术后并发症的发生情况及受者存活情况.结果 术前9例患者均经腹部CT强化扫描及血管重建等检查明确诊断,并行腔静脉造影明确梗阻情况及分型.9例患者中,接受尸体供肝移植者8例,均采用经典非转流术式;接受亲属活体右半供肝移植1例.术后免疫抑制方案为他克莫司+吗替麦考酚酯+皮质激素.9例受者术后平均随访时间为32.8个月(13~61个月),期间出现癫痫发作1例,十二指肠乳头及功能不良1例,小肝综合征1例,以及肺部感染4例;1例接受了中度脂肪肝供肝的受者于术后12d因原发性移植肝无功能行再次肝移植;1例受者于术后6个月因发生胆道并发症导致移植肝功能丧失而行再次肝移植,该例患者术后35个月死于肝脏肿瘤复发.所有患者未发生流出道梗阻及布加综合征复发.9例受者术后1和2年存活率为100%(9/9),术后3年存活率为88.9%(8/9).结论 通过准确的影像学评估和选择适宜的手术方式,肝移植已成为治疗布加综合征的重要手段,受者预后良好. 相似文献
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成人原位背驮式肝移植—附8例报告 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:研究原位背驮式肝移植治疗终末期肝病的手术技巧及临床效果。方法:在23月内为8例终末期肝病病人实施原位肝移植手术,其中肝炎后肝硬化2例,肝癌1例,酒精性硬化1例,化疗后中毒性肝炎致肝硬化1例,原发性胆汁性肝硬化3例。结果:手术成功率100%,1例手术后32天死于肾功能衰竭,围手术期存活7例(87.5%),随访期间7例病人均存活,现存活7例(87.5%),生存时间最长1例已23个月。术后并发症:腹腔出血并肾衰竭1例;腹腔内出血胆瘘致腹膜炎1例。结论:肝移植手术是终末期肝病的有效治疗手段。在成人原位背驮式肝移植病肝切除术中,有效的预防减少出血及其它手术并发症,预防肝移植术后乙肝再感染,有效而合理的使用免疫抑制剂是提高手术成功率,保证长期生存的关键。 相似文献
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目的 探讨肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的临床特征、危险因素和防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2003年8月至2008年12月间行肝移植术的726例受者中新发恶性肿瘤的临床资料.结果 在726例肝移植受者中,术后新发恶性肿瘤4例,发生率为0.6%;患者均为男性;新发恶性肿瘤的类型分别为:急性髓性白血病、胃癌、肺癌和未分化肝肉瘤;患者肝移植时年龄为42~57岁,中位年龄52岁,肿瘤确诊时的年龄为45~60岁,中位年龄53岁;从接受肝移植手术至发生肿瘤的时间为6~38个月,中位时间31个月.4例患者均死于肿瘤进展和多器官功能衰竭.肝移植术至死亡时间为12~48个月,中位时间39.5个月;确诊为新发恶性肿瘤至死亡时间为6~10个月,中位时间8.5个月.结论 肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤国内发病率低于国外;确诊时间较晚是患者死亡的主要原因;重视癌前病变和高危因素,早期诊断,早期治疗是提高疗效的关键. 相似文献
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肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤四例临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的临床特征、危险因素和防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2003年8月至2008年12月间行肝移植术的726例受者中新发恶性肿瘤的临床资料.结果 在726例肝移植受者中,术后新发恶性肿瘤4例,发生率为0.6%;患者均为男性;新发恶性肿瘤的类型分别为:急性髓性白血病、胃癌、肺癌和未分化肝肉瘤;患者肝移植时年龄为42~57岁,中位年龄52岁,肿瘤确诊时的年龄为45~60岁,中位年龄53岁;从接受肝移植手术至发生肿瘤的时间为6~38个月,中位时间31个月.4例患者均死于肿瘤进展和多器官功能衰竭.肝移植术至死亡时间为12~48个月,中位时间39.5个月;确诊为新发恶性肿瘤至死亡时间为6~10个月,中位时间8.5个月.结论 肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤国内发病率低于国外;确诊时间较晚是患者死亡的主要原因;重视癌前病变和高危因素,早期诊断,早期治疗是提高疗效的关键. 相似文献
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目的 探讨肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的临床特征、危险因素和防治措施.方法 回顾性分析2003年8月至2008年12月间行肝移植术的726例受者中新发恶性肿瘤的临床资料.结果 在726例肝移植受者中,术后新发恶性肿瘤4例,发生率为0.6%;患者均为男性;新发恶性肿瘤的类型分别为:急性髓性白血病、胃癌、肺癌和未分化肝肉瘤;患者肝移植时年龄为42~57岁,中位年龄52岁,肿瘤确诊时的年龄为45~60岁,中位年龄53岁;从接受肝移植手术至发生肿瘤的时间为6~38个月,中位时间31个月.4例患者均死于肿瘤进展和多器官功能衰竭.肝移植术至死亡时间为12~48个月,中位时间39.5个月;确诊为新发恶性肿瘤至死亡时间为6~10个月,中位时间8.5个月.结论 肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤国内发病率低于国外;确诊时间较晚是患者死亡的主要原因;重视癌前病变和高危因素,早期诊断,早期治疗是提高疗效的关键. 相似文献
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Richter A Grabhorn E Helmke K Manns MP Ganschow R Burdelski M 《Clinical transplantation》2007,21(3):427-432
BACKGROUND: The presence of autoantibodies and development of autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation has recently been reported as one of the causes for chronic graft dysfunction. The pathogenesis and clinical significance of this disease still remains unclear. METHODS: We evaluate 96 patients for the prevalence of autoantibodies and autoimmune hepatitis after pediatric liver transplantation and review their clinical follow-up including virus serologies, ultrasound examination and liver biopsies. RESULTS: Positive autoantibodies were detected in 74% of the patients after pediatric OLT. Graft dysfunction was observed in 46% of these children, and in 35% of the transplant recipients seronegative for autoantibodies. None of the patients showed histological signs or fulfilled clinical criteria for de novo autoimmune hepatitis. One child with negative autoantibodies was diagnosed to have a histologically proven de novo AIH two yr following OLT. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of autoantibodies after pediatric OLT, but the incidence of de novo AIH is very rare. In transplant recipients showing elevated liver function tests de novo autoimmune hepatitis has to be excluded by liver biopsy even if the patient is seronegative for autoantibodies. 相似文献
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Long-term follow-up after recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation in 100 patients 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jacob DA Neumann UP Bahra M Klupp J Puhl G Neuhaus R Langrehr JM 《Clinical transplantation》2006,20(2):211-220
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the only effective curative therapy for end-stage primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Survival after OLT is excellent, although recent data have shown a recurrence rate of PBC of up to 32% after transplantation. The aim of this study is to investigate the course after disease recurrence, particularly with regard to liver function and survival in a long-term follow-up. Between April 1989 and April 2003, 1,553 liver transplantations were performed in 1,415 patients at the Charité, Virchow Clinic. Protocol liver biopsies were taken after one, three, five, seven, 10 and 13 yr. One hundred (7%) patients suffered from histologically proven PBC. Primary immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine (n = 54) or tacrolimus (Tac) (n = 46). Immediately after OLT, all patients received ursodeoxycholic acid. Corticosteroids were withdrawn three to six months after OLT. The median age of the 85 women and 15 men was 55 yr (range 25-66 yr). The median follow-up after liver transplantation was 118 months (range 16-187 months) and after recurrence 30 months (range 4-79 months). Actuarial patient survival after five, 10 and 15 yr was 87, 84 and 82% respectively. Ten patients (10%) died after a median survival time of 32 months. Two of these patients developed organ dysfunction owing to recurrence of PBC. Histological recurrence was found in 14 patients (14%) after a median time of 61 months (range 36-122 months). Patients with Tac immunosuppression developed PBC recurrence more often (p < 0.05) and also earlier (p < 0.05). Fifty-seven patients developed an acute rejection and two patients a chronic rejection episode. Liver function did not alter within the first five yr after histologically proven PBC recurrence. Multivariate analysis of the investigated patients showed that the recipient's age and Tac immunosuppression were significant risk factors for PBC recurrence. Long-term follow-up of up to 15 yr after liver transplantation, owing to PBC, in addition to maintenance of liver function, shows excellent organ and patient survival rates. Although protocol liver biopsies revealed histological recurrence in 14 (14%) patients, only two patients developed graft dysfunction. Tac-treated patients showed more frequently and also earlier histologically proven PBC recurrence; however, in our population we could not observe an impact on graft dysfunction and patient's survival. 相似文献
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70例原位肝脏移植 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的总结肝脏移植治疗不同终末期肝病的经验,探讨肝移植在治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)和重症乙型肝炎(乙肝)的疗效,以及评价拉米夫定对预防乙肝复发的价值.方法回顾性分析了自1993年4月~2000年12月实施的70例肝移植患者的临床资料.肝移植的主要指征是原发性肝癌(26例)、肝硬化(21例)、重症乙型肝炎(12例)、硬化性胆管炎(4例)以及其它终末期肝病(7例).对12例重症乙型肝炎患者应用拉米夫定治疗.采用多元回归分析确定影响肝移植预后的危险因素.结果54例患者存活1个月以上,16例患者在移植术后30d内死亡,院内存活率为77.1%,肝功能属ChildA级和B级的患者院内存活率明显高于ChildC级患者(P<0.05),小肝癌患者的疗效优于大肝癌患者.移植前APACEⅢ评分,腹水量以及血肌酐水平与肝移植预后有密切关系.在重症乙肝患者中,9例仍存活、存活时间为2~24个月,拉米夫定可有效地预防肝移植术后乙肝复发,且无明显的副作用.结论本研究结果表明原位肝移植可使部分HCC患者获得治愈,部分病例可获得良好的姑息疗效,病例选择对肝癌肝移植的预后极其重要;结果还提示肝移植是治疗各种终末期肝病的有效手段.同时认为拉米夫定是一种疗效肯定,副作用小的预防肝移植术后乙肝病毒复发的药物. 相似文献
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Yao FY Gautam M Palese C Rebres R Terrault N Roberts JP Peters MG 《Clinical transplantation》2006,20(5):617-623
BACKGROUND: Long-term survival data on de novo malignancy are limited following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) when compared with controls without malignancies. METHODS: Over a 12 yr period at our institution, 50 of 1043 patients (4.8%) who underwent OLT were identified to have 53 de novo malignancies. The clinical characteristics and survival of these patients were retrospectively reviewed and compared with a control cohort of 50 OLT recipients without malignancy matched with the incidence cases by age, year of OLT, sex, and type of liver disease. RESULTS: Chronic hepatitis C, alcohol and primary sclerosing cholangitis were the three leading causes of liver disease. Skin cancer was the most common malignancy (32%), followed by gastrointestinal (21%), including five small bowel tumors, and hematologic malignancies (17%). The cases and controls were not significantly different in the immunosuppressive regimen (p = 0.42) or the number of rejection episodes (p = 0.92). The five- and 10-year Kaplan-Meier survival rates for the cases were 77% and 34%, respectively, vs. 84% and 70%, respectively, for the controls (p = 0.02 by log-rank test). Patients with skin cancers had survival similar to the controls, but significantly better than non-skin cancers (p = 0.0001). The prognosis for patients with gastrointestinal tumors was poor, with a median survival of 8.5 months after the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: In this single institutional study, de novo malignancies after OLT were uncommon. Patients with non-skin cancer after OLT had diminished long-term survival compared with the controls. Our results differ from other reports in the high incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies with attendant poor prognosis. 相似文献
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目的 探讨原位肝移植术后乙型肝炎病毒再感染的预防。方法 回顾性分析了173例乙肝相关性肝病病人,移植前后给予抗病毒药物预防乙型肝炎病毒再感染,拉米呋啶2例,拉米呋啶+乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIg)166例,阿德福韦+HBIg5例,观察临床表现、血清HBV、HBVDNA及肝活检免疫组织化学检测等指标。结果 应用拉米呋啶预防的2例病人,有1例再感染,其血清HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb和HBVDNA均阳性,肝活检免疫组织化学检测有HBsAg表达。用拉米呋啶+HBIg预防的166例中,有3例再感染,血清均HBsAg、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性,肝活检免疫组织化学检测有HBsAg表达,其中1例血清HBVDNA阳性,有1例经治疗后HBsAg又转阴。用阿德福韦+拉米呋啶+HBIg预防的5例中,血清学和肝活检免疫组织化学检测均无HBsAg表达。结论 原位肝移植术是治疗HBV相关性终末期肝病的有效手段,拉米呋啶+HBIg或拉米呋啶+阿德福韦+HBIg联合应用可以有效预防乙型肝炎病毒的再感染。 相似文献
19.
目的探讨肝移植术后新发食管癌的发病情况、危险因素、预防及治疗。方法对2003年8月至2008年12月中山大学附属第三医院肝移植中心行肝移植术后生存半年以上并能接受定期随访的416例受者,观察其新发恶性肿瘤的情况,分析新发食管癌患者的临床资料,同时进行文献复习。结果该中心肝移植术后新发食管癌1例,发生率为0.24%(国外平均发生率为0.11%)。该例男性患者肝移植时年龄为49岁,术前有长期吸烟史和嗜酒史,术后不完全戒酒、戒烟,术后46个月发现食管癌,从确诊新发食管癌至死亡历时10个月,死于肿瘤进展、多器官功能衰竭。结论烟酒史、免疫抑制过强是肝移植术后新发恶性肿瘤的危险因素,针对高危因素进行规范随诊以及优化免疫抑制方案,是早期防治和提高疗效的关键。 相似文献
20.
Jiménez C Marqués E Manrique A Loinaz C Gómez R Meneu JC Abradelo M Pérez B Moreno A García I Moreno E 《Transplantation proceedings》2005,37(9):3970-3972
INTRODUCTION: Lung tumors have been related to tobacco and alcohol. The incidence increases after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) especially when it is performed because of alcoholic cirrhosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the incidence and risk factors for de novo lung tumors among 701 patients who underwent OLT between April 1986 and July 2004, after exclusion of pediatric recipients and adults who died within 2 months after OLT. RESULTS: The incidence of de novo lung tumors was 15 patients (2.1%), including 12 (4.3%) who underwent OLT for alcoholic cirrhosis and 3 (0.7%) for nonalcoholic diseases. There were 14 men and 1 woman of mean age at OLT of 50.8 +/- 9.6 years. Mean time from OLT to lung tumor was 83 +/- 43 months (range, 10-184 months). Thirteen patients (86.6%) were heavy smokers before OLT and 8 (61.5%) continued after OLT; 12 patients (80%) were heavy drinkers before OLT. Ten patients were immunosuppressed with CyA and 5 with tacrolimus. Acute rejection episodes before tumor diagnosis occurred in 6 patients (40%). Two patients underwent thoracotomy, but only one was resected. The remaining 13 patients were unresectable because of locally advanced tumor or metastatic disease. Two unresectable patients received palliative chemotherapy. All patients died with a mean survival from tumor diagnosis, of 5.3 months (range, 3 days to 33 months). CONCLUSION: A significantly higher incidence of lung tumors was observed among patients who underwent OLT for alcoholic cirrhosis, usually diagnosed in advanced stages of poor prognosis and low survival. 相似文献