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1.
长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一种长度大于200 nt的不具有编码蛋白质功能的RNA.ln-c RN A在多种肿瘤中存在差异性表达,通过转录调控、转录后调控等方式影响肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移、耐药等.多项研究表明,lncRNA可通过竞争性内源性RNA(competing end...  相似文献   

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非编码RNA(ncRNA)是不参与蛋白质编码的RNA的总称,包括微小RNA(miRNA)、siRNA、piRNA、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)、转运RNA(tRNA)、核糖体RNA(rRNA)等。其在蛋白质转录与后转录过程中有重要的调节作用。自噬是细胞在异常环境中维持生存的一种方式。大量研究表明自噬与肿瘤也存在着密切的关系,而自噬对于肿瘤的影响具有“两面性”。许多研究探讨了非编码RNA在肿瘤细胞中对于自噬过程的调控.文章综述了miRNA与lncRNA这两种研究深入的非编码RNA。  相似文献   

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非编码RNA,包括以miRNA、siRNA和piRNA等为代表的短小RNA和长链非编码RNA.长链非编码RNA,有别于其他小分子非编码RNA,是目前非编码RNA研究的热点.随着研究的不断推进,人们发现lncRNA与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着密切的联系.microRNA是一类长度为19~ 23个核苷酸的内源性非编码RNA,可以在转录水平或转录后水平调节基因的表达.  相似文献   

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长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类长度>200个核苷酸、通常不编码蛋白质的RNA。近年研究表明,lncRNA在肿瘤的的发展过程中发挥抑癌或促癌作用,参与细胞增殖、凋亡等过程。本综述简要介绍lncRNA的生物学功能及其调控细胞凋亡的研究进展。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨长链非编码RNA前列腺癌非编码RNA1(PRNCR1)在雄激素非依赖的前列腺癌细胞中的作用.方法 应用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测雄激素依赖的前列腺癌细胞LNCaP及雄激素非依赖的前列腺癌细胞C4-2中PRNCR1的表达情况,通过RNA干扰技术沉默C4-2细胞中的PRNCR1,Western blot技术检测C4-2细胞中雄激素受体(AR)的表达变化,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡的变化,MTT实验检测沉默PRNCR1表达对细胞增殖的影响,Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭能力的变化.结果 PRNCR1在雄激素非依赖的细胞系C4-2中高表达,干扰其表达可以明显降低前列腺癌细胞中AR的表达,抑制前列腺癌细胞的细胞增殖及细胞的侵袭能力,并促进细胞的凋亡.结论 PRNCR1介导AR在前列腺癌去势抵抗中发挥着重要作用.  相似文献   

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目的 分析阿尔茨海默病(AD)小鼠脑组织长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)和信使RNA(mRNA)表达谱,构建竞争内源性RNA(ceRNA)调控网络,探讨差异表达LncRNA在AD发病机制中的潜在作用。方法 选取3只10月龄雄性APP/PS1转基因小鼠作为AD组,3只年龄及体质量相匹配的普通C57小鼠作为对照组。使用基因芯片技术检测2组小鼠脑组织LncRNA和mRNA的表达,筛选出差异表达的LncRNA和mRNA。对部分差异表达的LncRNA进行实时定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)。对差异表达的mRNA进行基因本体论(GO)和京都基因、基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析。随机挑选6个差异表达LncRNA构建ceRNA网络,进行AD的靶基因功能预测分析。结果 与对照组相比,AD组小鼠脑组织差异表达1.5倍以上的LncRNA有933个,其中上调222个,下调711个;差异表达1.5倍以上的mRNA有529个,其中上调189个,下调340个。qRT-PCR检测结果显示,AD组与对照组比较,7个差异表达的LncRNA上调或下调趋势与基因芯片结果一致,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。GO和KEGG通路分析结果显示,差异表达基因主要参与氨基酸代谢、炎症反应和免疫反应。ceRNA调控网络靶基因的功能富集分析显示,LncRNA在胰岛素抵抗以及糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路中显著富集。结论 AD小鼠脑组织LncRNA表达谱发生显著变化,由LncRNA Dgkb、Svip等构建的ceRNA调控网络有助于增进对AD发病分子机制的研究,差异表达的LncRNA或通路有可能成为潜在的治疗靶点。  相似文献   

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乳腺癌在女性恶性肿瘤的发病率中高居第一,长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)和乳腺癌的发生发展、转移和预后相关。lncRNAs可与miRNA、mRNA或蛋白相互作用来调节相关基因的表达能力,从而影响乳腺癌的治疗效果及预后情况。  相似文献   

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长链非编码RNA (lncRNA)是指长度超过200个核苷酸、具有调控基因表达作用的非编码RNA,近年来,因其具有复杂的生物学功能而引起了研究者的广泛关注.目前研究证实,lncRNA与多种肿瘤的发生发展有着密切的关系,可能参与促进或抑制肿瘤的生长和与肿瘤的转移有关.在卵巢癌中,某些lncRNA也被证实可能参与其致病过程.  相似文献   

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在绝大多数人类基因中都存有非蛋白编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA).长链内含子ncRNA(long intronic non-coding RNA,lincRNA)是众多ncRNA中的一员,而内含子区域则是具有调节性的ncRNA的关键源.长链内含子ncRNA可通过作为短链RNA的前体、或是与启动子元...  相似文献   

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目的 高血压是最常见的慢性病,也是心脑血管病最主要的危险因素,很多长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)在心血管系统中具有重要作用.然而在高血压中lncRNA的研究却很缺乏.本课题的目的是识别高血压疾病相关的lncRNA并研究其在高血压中的功能,进而为高血压机制研究提供更多信息.方法 通过ceRNA理论构建全局lncRNA-mRNA网络.首先从GEO数据库中下载高血压疾病表达谱进行重注释,进而识别高血压相关差异表达基因和lncRNA,将其映射到全局lncRNA-mRNA网络上获得高血压特异的lncRNA-基因网络.对该网络拓扑性质进行分析得到高血压相关的lncRNA.对于高血压相关lncRNA,将其在高血压相关网络中所连接的基因用DAVID工具进行通路富集分析,预测高血压相关lncRNA的功能.结果 构建了高血压特异的lncRNA-基因网络(58个lncRNA、431个基因及4737条边).通过对其拓扑性质分析识别了在高血压中发挥非常重要作用的lncRNA:MALAT1,研究发现MALAT1可能通过TNF信号通路、MAPK信号通路来发挥其调控功能.结论 lncRNA MALAT1在高血压疾病中扮演重要作用,其可能通过TNF信号通路、MAPK信号通路来发挥其调控功能.  相似文献   

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Sepsis, a multiorgan dysfunction with high incidence and mortality, is caused by an imbalanced host-to-infection immune response. Organ-support therapy improves the early survival rate of sepsis patients. In the long term, those who survive the “cytokine storm” and its secondary damage usually show higher susceptibility to secondary infections and sepsis-induced immunosuppression, in which regulatory T cells (Tregs) are evidenced to play an essential role. However, the potential role and mechanism of Tregs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression remains elusive. In this review, we elucidate the role of different functional subpopulations of Tregs during sepsis and then review the mechanism of sepsis-induced immunosuppression from the aspects of regulatory characteristics, epigenetic modification, and immunometabolism of Tregs. Thoroughly understanding how Tregs impact the immune system during sepsis may shed light on preclinical research and help improve the translational value of sepsis immunotherapy.  相似文献   

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Objectives

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the most common cancer in men. The aim of this study was to reveal the critical long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs) and mRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of PRAD.

Methods

The level 3 mRNA and miRNA sequencing data of PRAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Using the edgeR package of R, the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs), lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) between PRAD and normal tissues were screened. The Cox proportional hazards regression method in the survival package was used to select the lncRNAs significantly related to clinical characteristics. After the miRNA-lncRNA and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted, a regulatory network was constructed by the Cytoscape software. For the DEGs involved in the network, enrichment analysis was conducted by the Fisher algorithm.

Results

Compared to the normal samples, 25 DE-lncRNAs, 1421 DEGs and 68 DE-miRNAs were identified in the PRAD samples. The down-regulated MESTIT1 had a significantly negative correlation with overall survival. A total of 44 DE-miRNA-DE-lncRNA pairs were predicted, including the PCA3-miR-96 and UCA1-miR-96. Meanwhile, 33 DEGs targeted by miRNAs (for example, miR-96-CYP19A1) were found to correlate with cancers.

Conclusion

Functional enrichment analysis showed that the reproductive development process (which involved TDRD1) was enriched for the DEGs implicated in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. The lncRNAs MESTIT1, PCA3, and UCA1; mRNAs CYP19A1 and TDRD1; as well as miR-96 might affect the pathogenesis of PRAD.  相似文献   

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调节性T细胞(Tregs)是一种具有抑制免疫应答作用的T淋巴细胞亚群,在防止自身免疫病和维持自身耐受中起着重要作用,但其过度表达会导致免疫缺陷,慢性感染和癌症的发生.越来越多的研究表明,Tregs在肿瘤的发生发展和抑制肿瘤特异性免疫中起着重要作用.Tregs与人和小鼠模型中的实体瘤息息相关,乳腺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌中Tregs数量升高往往标志预后不良.因此调节外周血中Tregs水平成为了癌症治疗的新策略.  相似文献   

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Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumour in men and is a major research focus of pathologists, urologists and uro-oncologists alike. The pathologist is confronted with an increasing number of biospsies, necessitating ancillary tests in morphologically challenging cases. Next to basal cell markers, additional positive markers that aid in the differential diagnosis are presented here. The clinical decision of urologists, whom and how to treat these men, is dependent predominantly on pathological parameters, but still the grid spanned by these is too wide to allow a sufficient prognostication of the individual case. Here, a brief and critical overview is given of recent developments of prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer.  相似文献   

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乳腺癌肿瘤免疫微环境是乳腺癌细胞与免疫细胞、免疫分子之间相互作用的场所,对乳腺癌的发生发展及预后产生重要影响.调节性T细胞(Tregs)作为一类具有免疫抑制功能的T淋巴细胞亚群,可通过抑制T细胞的功能,抑制机体抗肿瘤免疫,促进肿瘤的发生发展.研究显示,乳腺肿瘤免疫微环境中Tregs在乳腺癌发生、发展以及靶向治疗中发挥着重要作用.  相似文献   

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Since the introduction of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening 25 years ago, prostate cancer diagnosis and management have been guided by this biomarker. Yet, PSA has proven controversial as a screening assay owing to several inherent limitations. The next wave of prostate cancer biomarkers has emerged, introducing new assays in serum and urine that may supplement or, in time, replace PSA because of their higher cancer specificity. This expanding universe of biomarkers has been facilitated, in large part, by new genomic technologies that have enabled an unbiased look at cancer biology. Such efforts have produced several notable success stories that involve rapidly moving biomarkers from the bench to the clinic. However, biomarker research has centered on disease diagnostics, rather than prognosis and prediction, which would address disease management. The development of biomarkers to stratify risk of prostate cancer aggressiveness at the time of screening remains the greatest unmet clinical need in prostate cancer. We review the current state of prostate cancer biomarker research, including the PSA revolution, its impact on early cancer detection, the recent advances in biomarker discovery, and the future efforts that promise to improve clinical management of this disease.  相似文献   

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目的:观察肺癌患者外周血调节性T细胞的变化,并探讨CpG ODN的干预作用。方法:分离肺癌患者和健康志愿者(各30例)的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),用流式细胞仪检测CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例,Real-time PCR检测Foxp3基因的表达,ELISA法检测TGF-β和IFN-γ水平。将30例肺癌患者的PBMC随机分为实验组和安慰剂组,分别给予CpG ODN2006或安慰剂CpG ODN1612干预,比较干预前后上述指标的变化。结果:肺癌患者PBMC中的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3基因的相对表达量、TGF-β水平均高于健康对照组,差异具有显著性,但不同病理分型和分期的肺癌患者亚组间比较无显著性差异。两组的IFN-γ水平比较无差异性。CpG ODN干预后CpG ODN2006治疗组的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3基因的相对表达量及TGF-β水平出现了下降,差异有显著性,IFN-γ水平变化无显著性差异。而CpG ODN1612安慰剂组的上述指标在干预前后则无显著性改变。结论:肺癌患者外周血中的CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞比例、TGF-β水平明显升高。CpG ODN2006干预可下调CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞比例及TGF-β水平。  相似文献   

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肿瘤微环境中的免疫状态对肿瘤患者的预后意义重大.调节性T细胞(Tregs)是造成肿瘤免疫逃逸和肿瘤免疫治疗失败的关键因素.Foxp3是Tregs细胞重要的胞内信号标记,并在Tregs细胞的发育和功能中起关键作用.大多数肿瘤中局部浸润Tregs细胞的升高往往提示预后不良,但是在结直肠癌中Tregs细胞的预后意义各家报道仍有分歧.Tregs细胞的多态性包括表型、功能等,可能是造成这一矛盾的原因之一,但是缺乏一种更具特异性的标记或者标准化的检测手段也可能是造成这一现象的原因.  相似文献   

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